Slides built from Carter Chapter 5 Some overhead Copy 3d demo - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Slides built from Carter Chapter 5

Some overhead

 Copy 3d demo project from last week and rename

project folder to InputDemo

 Open and rename the project in AssemblyInfo.cs and

change game id

 You can just create a new project

 I’ve done both

Creating a library

 File -> new project

 Windows Game

Library (3.0)

 Name it

XELibrary, also the solution

Adding FPS.cs

 Copy file FPS.cs into solution directory  Select Project -> Show all files  Right click on file name

 Select add to project

 See the FPS lab from the labs.

 Edit file and change namespace

to XELibrary

 Let’s also remove the Class1.cs

 Right click -> delete

Input Handler

 Project->add component  Open InputHandler.cs

InputHandler Game Service

using Microsoft.Xna.Framework.Input; public interface IInputHandler { }; public partial class InputHandler : Microsoft.Xna.Framework.GameComponent, IInputHandler game.Services.AddService(typeof(IInputHandler), this);

Partial class can be defined over multiple definitions (ie more than one source file) Inherit from IInputHandler above

Since a service, must add it as a service

Might need this.

Add a camera component

 Project -> add new item

Camera game component

 Add a variable for our input handler and graphics

protected IInputHandler input; private GraphicsDeviceManager graphics;

 Initialize in camera constructor

graphics = (GraphicsDeviceManager)Game.Services.GetSe rvice(typeof(IGraphicsDeviceManager)); input = (IInputHandler)game.Services.GetService(ty peof(IInputHandler));

Protected so can be accessed by base class

Copy camera code from last time

 Initialize()

Base.Initialize(); InitializeCamera(); // from last time next slide

 Initialize base first so we have access to the graphics device

here which is initialized there.

 Add the declarations as well

private Matrix projection; private Matrix view; protected Vector3 cameraPosition = new Vector3(0.0f, 0.0f, 3.0f); private Vector3 cameraTarget = Vector3.Zero; private Vector3 cameraUpVector = Vector3.Up;

InitializeCamera()

private void InitializeCamera() { float aspectRatio = (float)graphics.GraphicsDevice.Viewport.Width / (float)graphics.GraphicsDevice.Viewport.Height; Matrix.CreatePerspectiveFieldOfView( MathHelper.PiOver4,aspectRatio,0.001f,1000.0f,

• ut projection);

Matrix.CreateLookAt(ref cameraPosition, ref cameraTarget, ref cameraUpVector, out view); }

We saw this last time.

Access method for matrices

public Matrix View { get { return view; } } public Matrix Projection { get {reutnr projection; }}

Now we can access the view and projection matrix from the camera in a game that uses this library.

Now create a demo

 Can start a new project, or copy the one from last time

 Add all of the code from the previous example is starting

anew

 Now remove the Matrix view, projection; decls  Remove the Initialize camera and all access to the

camera

 Project -> add reference -> browse and add a reference

to XELibrary.dll

Add some code in game.cs

using XELibrary;

 Declarations

Camera camera;

 Initialize()

camera = new Camera(this)

 Change Draw()

effect.Projection = camera.Projection; effect.View = camera.View;

Adding keyboard to InputHandler

 Declare

private KeyboardState keyboardState;

 Update

keyboardState = Keyboard.GetState(); if (keyboardState.IsKeyDown(Keys.Escape)) Game.Exit();

OK so now all we can do is exit on an escape! But this is part of our camera, so including this camera will include this code!

Now for some camera control

 Declare

private Vector3 cameraReference = new Vector3(0.0f, 0.0f, -1.0f); private float cameraYaw = 0.0f;

 Update() Matrix rotationMatrix; Matrix.CreateRotationY(MathHelper.ToRadians(cameraYaw), out rotationMatrix); Vector3 transformedReference; Vector3.Transform(ref cameraReference, ref rotationMatrix, out transformedReference); // Calculate the position the camera is looking at. Vector3.Add(ref cameraPosition, ref transformedReference, out cameraTarget); Matrix.CreateLookAt(ref cameraPosition, ref cameraTarget, ref cameraUpVector,

• ut view);

In IInputHandler

public interface IInputHandler { KeyboardState KeyboardState { get; } GamePadState[] GamePads { get; } #if !XBOX360 MouseState MouseState { get; } MouseState PreviousMouseState { get; } #endif }

Add access in InputHandler

public KeyboardState KeyboardState { get { return(keyboardState); } } public GamePadState[] GamePads {get { return(gamePads); } } #if !XBOX360 public MouseState MouseState { get { return(mouseState); }} public MouseState PreviousMouseState {get { return(prevMouseState); } } #endif

Use exposed members in camera

 Update()

if (input.KeyboardState.IsKeyDown(Keys.Left)) cameraYaw += spinRate; if (input.KeyboardState.IsKeyDown(Keys.Right)) cameraYaw -= spinRate; //reset camera angle if needed if (cameraYaw > 360) cameraYaw -= 360; else if (cameraYaw < 0) cameraYaw += 360;

Back to Game

 Decl

private InputHandler input

 Constructor

input = new InputHandler(this); Components.Add(input);

We execute and get the objects flying by with our updates as fast as possible.

New constructor for FPS

public FPS(Game game, bool synchWithVerticalRetrace, bool isFixedTimeStep) : this(game, synchWithVerticalRetrace, isFixedTimeStep, game.TargetElapsedTime) {} #if DEBUG fps = new FPS(this); #else fps = new FPS(this, true, false); #endif

Instead of as fast as possible, we can do 60Hz

GamePad

GamePadState[] GamePads { get; } // Iinput Handler

 Class InputHandler decls

private GamePadState[] gamePads = new GamePadState[4]; public GamePadState[] GamePads {get { return(gamePads); } }

 InputHandler Update()

gamePads[0] = GamePad.GetState(PlayerIndex.One); gamePads[1] = GamePad.GetState(PlayerIndex.Two); gamePads[2] = GamePad.GetState(PlayerIndex.Three); gamePads[3] = GamePad.GetState(PlayerIndex.Four); if (gamePads[0].Buttons.Back == ButtonState.Pressed) Game.Exit();

GamePad: camera class

float timeDelta = (float)gameTime.ElapsedGameTime.TotalSeconds; if (input.KeyboardState.IsKeyDown(Keys.Left) || (input.GamePads[playerIndex].ThumbSticks.Right.X < 0)) cameraYaw += (spinRate * timeDelta); if (input.KeyboardState.IsKeyDown(Keys.Right) || (input.GamePads[playerIndex].ThumbSticks.Right.X > 0)) cameraYaw -= (spinRate * timeDelta);

GamePad: DPad

 Suppose we wanted to use the Dpad to also rotate

if (input.KeyboardState.IsKeyDown(Keys.Left) || (input.GamePads[playerIndex].ThumbSticks.Right.X < 0) || (gamePadState.Dpad.Left == ButtonState.Pressed)) cameraYaw += (spinRate * timeDelta);

Dpad behaves like a button

GamePad

 Triggers

 Return a value between 0=pressed and 1=fully pressed.

 Vibration

 2 motors, left is low-frequency, right is high-frequency

if (input.GamePads[0].IsConnected) GamePad.SetVibration(PlayerIndex.One, input.GamePads[0].Triggers.Left, input.GamePads[0].Triggers.Right);

 Change title to hold these values

This.Window.Title = “left: “ + input.GamePads[0].Triggers.Left.ToString() + “; right: “ + input.GamePads[0].Triggers.Right.ToString();

Mouse

 Declare

#if !XBOX360 private MouseState mouseState; private MouseState prevMouseState; #endif

 Constructor

#if !XBOX360 Game.IsMouseVisible = true; prevMouseState = Mouse.GetState(); #endif

Mouse

 Update

#if !XBOX360 prevMouseState = mouseState; //Set our previous state mouseState = Mouse.GetState(); //Get our new state #endif

 Properties

#if !XBOX360 public MouseState MouseState {get { return(mouseState); }} public MouseState PreviousMouseState {get { return(prevMouseState); }} #endif

Mouse: controlling camera

#if !XBOX360 if ((input.PreviousMouseState.X > input.MouseState.X) && (input.MouseState.LeftButton == ButtonState.Pressed)) cameraYaw += (spinRate * timeDelta); else if ((input.PreviousMouseState.X < input.MouseState.X) && (input.MouseState.LeftButton == ButtonState.Pressed)) cameraYaw -= (spinRate * timeDelta); #endif

Improving demo

 Add some more quads with

world = SomeTransform(s) DrawRectangle(world);

 Also remove culling for now just in case

graphics.GraphicsDevice.RenderState.CullMode = CullMode.None;

Camera Pitch

 Just like yaw except use up and down arrow or right

thumbstick

if ((input.PreviousMouseState.Y > input.MouseState.Y) && (input.MouseState.LeftButton == ButtonState.Pressed)) cameraPitch += (spinRate * timeDelta); else if ((input.PreviousMouseState.Y < input.MouseState.Y) && (input.MouseState.LeftButton == ButtonState.Pressed)) cameraPitch -= (spinRate * timeDelta);

 Also set camera pitch to go between -90 and 90

if (cameraPitch > 89) cameraPitch = 89; if (cameraPitch < -89) cameraPitch = -89;

FirstPersonCamera: Movement

public partial class FirstPersonCamera : Camera { public FirstPersonCamera(Game game) : base(game) { // TODO: Construct any child components here }

Derive from stationary Camera

FirstPersonCamera: Movement

public override void Update(GameTime gameTime) { movement = Vector3.Zero; //reset movement vector if (input.KeyboardState.IsKeyDown(Keys.A) || (input.GamePads[playerIndex].ThumbSticks.Left.X < 0)) movement.X--; if (input.KeyboardState.IsKeyDown(Keys.D) || (input.GamePads[playerIndex].ThumbSticks.Left.X > 0)) movement.X++;

FirstPersonCamera: Movement

if (input.KeyboardState.IsKeyDown(Keys.S) || (input.GamePads[playerIndex].ThumbSticks.Left.Y < 0)) movement.Z++; if (input.KeyboardState.IsKeyDown(Keys.W) || (input.GamePads[playerIndex].ThumbSticks.Left.Y > 0)) movement.Z--; // don't increase speed if pushing up and over (diagonal) if (movement.LengthSquared() != 0) movement.Normalize(); base.Update(gameTime);

Camera::Update()

//update movement (none for this base class) movement *= (moveRate * timeDelta); Matrix rotationMatrix; Vector3 transformedReference; Matrix.CreateRotationY(MathHelper.ToRadians(cameraYaw), out rotationMatrix); if (movement != Vector3.Zero) { Vector3.Transform(ref movement, ref rotationMatrix, out movement); cameraPosition += movement; }

Camera::Update()

//add in pitch to the rotation rotationMatrix = Matrix.CreateRotationX(MathHelper.ToRadians(cameraPitch)) * rotationMatrix; // Create a vector pointing the direction the camera is facing. Vector3.Transform(ref cameraReference, ref rotationMatrix,

• ut transformedReference);

// Calculate the position the camera is looking at. Vector3.Add(ref cameraPosition, ref transformedReference, out cameraTarget); Matrix.CreateLookAt(ref cameraPosition, ref cameraTarget, ref cameraUpVector, out view);

Split Screen

 Declarations

private FirstPersonCamera camera; private FirstPersonCamera camera2; private Viewport defaultViewport; private Viewport topViewport; private Viewport bottomViewport; private Viewport separatorViewport; private bool twoPlayers = true

Why two cameras?

Split Screen

 LoadContent()

defaultViewport = graphics.GraphicsDevice.Viewport; topViewport = defaultViewport; bottomViewport = defaultViewport; separatorViewport = defaultViewport;

Split Screen

if (twoPlayers) { topViewport.Height = topViewport.Height / 2; separatorViewport.Y = topViewport.Height - 1; separatorViewport.Height = 3; bottomViewport.Y = topViewport.Height + 1; bottomViewport.Height = (bottomViewport.Height / 2) - 1; camera.Viewport = topViewport; camera2 = new FirstPersonCamera(this); camera2.Viewport = bottomViewport; camera2.Position = new Vector3(0.0f, 0.0f, -3.0f); camera2.Orientation = new Vector3(0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f); camera2.PlayerIndex = PlayerIndex.Two; Components.Add(camera2); }

Modify Camera

 Declare and expose variables for the players index, the viewport,

Position, Orientation, and Target Protected int playerIndex = 0; private Viewport? Viewport; public PlayerIndex PlayerIndex { get { return ((PlayerIndex)playerIndex); } set { playerIndex = (int)value; } } public Vector3 Position { get { return (cameraPosition); } set { cameraPosition = value; } } public Vector3 Orientation { get { return (cameraReference); } set { cameraReference = value; }}

T? is shorthand for System.Nullable<T>

Modify Camera

using Microsoft.Xna.Framework.Graphics; public Viewport Viewport { get { if (viewport == null) viewport = graphics.GraphicsDevice.Viewport; return ((Viewport)viewport); } set { viewport = value; InitializeCamera(); } }

Since viewport nullable, if it is null get viewport from the graphics device We set the viewport, so we need to recalculate our view and projection matrix

InitializeCamera()

private void InitializeCamera() { float aspectRatio = (float)graphics.GraphicsDevice.Viewport.Width / (float)graphics.GraphicsDevice.Viewport.Height; Matrix.CreatePerspectiveFieldOfView( MathHelper.PiOver4,aspectRatio,0.001f,1000.0f,

• ut projection);

Matrix.CreateLookAt(ref cameraPosition, ref cameraTarget, ref cameraUpVector, out view); }

As above, just a reminder.

Modify Game::Draw()

graphics.GraphicsDevice.Viewport = camera.Viewport; DrawScene(gameTime, camera); if (twoPlayers) { graphics.GraphicsDevice.Viewport = camera2.Viewport; DrawScene(gameTime, camera2); //now clear the thick horizontal line between the two screens graphics.GraphicsDevice.Viewport = separatorViewport; graphics.GraphicsDevice.Clear(Color.Black); }

DrawScene()

private void DrawScene(GameTime gameTime, Camera camera) { graphics.GraphicsDevice.Clear(Color.CornflowerBlue); // TODO: Add your drawing code here graphics.GraphicsDevice.RenderState.CullMode = CullMode.None; graphics.GraphicsDevice.VertexDeclaration = vertexDeclaration; effect.Projection = camera.Projection; effect.View = camera.View; effect.EnableDefaultLighting(); effect.TextureEnabled = true; effect.Texture = texture;

Setting up the device and the effect.

DrawScene() (draw some shapes)

world = Matrix.Identity; world = Matrix.CreateTranslation(new Vector3(3.0f, 0, -10.0f)); DrawRectangle(ref world); world = Matrix.CreateTranslation(new Vector3(-3.0f, 3.0f, -10.0f)); DrawRectangle(ref world); world = Matrix.CreateRotationZ(angleX)*Matrix.CreateScale(.3f); DrawRectangle(ref world); world = Matrix.CreateScale(0.75f) * Matrix.CreateRotationX(MathHelper.ToRadians(15.0f)) * Matrix.CreateRotationY(MathHelper.ToRadians(30.0f)) * Matrix.CreateTranslation(new Vector3(-3.0f, -1.0f, -5.0f)); DrawRectangle(ref world);

I rotate :-)

DrawScene()

world = Matrix.CreateTranslation(new Vector3(8.0f, 0, -10.0f)); DrawRectangle(ref world); world = Matrix.CreateTranslation(new Vector3(8.0f, 0, -6.0f)); DrawRectangle(ref world); //Render this one "behind" us and rotate it so it doesn't get culled world = Matrix.CreateRotationY(MathHelper.ToRadians(180f)) * Matrix.CreateTranslation(new Vector3(3.0f, 0, 10.0f)); DrawRectangle(ref world); world = Matrix.CreateRotationX(1.57f) * Matrix.CreateScale(20, 1, 20)*Matrix.CreateTranslation(0,-2,0); DrawRectangle(ref world);

Ground Plane

How to make better?

How to make better?

 How about controller speed of camera, could add a

running mode.

 Should be passed in to camera class

 Collision detection

 May need to provide a service to the camera to have it

check to see if it can move from the current position to the new position.

 Could also be a function

 Reset to home?