Slide Show on Hierarchical Systems Analysis in Karst Terrains: Part - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Slide Show on Hierarchical Systems Analysis in Karst Terrains: Part - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OPEN-FILE REPORT 00-429-A Slide Show on Hierarchical Systems Analysis in Karst Terrains: Part A - Approaches and Applications to Environmental Characterization By Kenneth E. Kolm 1 and William H. Langer 2 This report is

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Slide Show on Hierarchical Systems Analysis in Karst Terrains: Part A - Approaches and Applications to Environmental Characterization By Kenneth E. Kolm1 and William H. Langer2

U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OPEN-FILE REPORT 00-429-A This report is preliminary and has not been reviewed for conformity with U.S. Geological Survey editorial standards or with the North American Stratigraphic Code. Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.

1Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado, USA 2U.S. Geological Survey, Denver, Colorado, USA

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Hierarchical Systems Analysis in Karst Terrains:

Part A Approaches and Applications to Environmental Characterization

Kenneth E. Kolm

Colorado School of Mines

and William H. Langer

U.S. Geological Survey

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Purpose of Presentation

 Discuss the concept of

integrated, hierarchical systems analysis (HSA).

  • Describe HSA procedure.
  • Discuss advantages of

using HSA. (Why bother?)

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HIERARCHICAL SYSTEMS ANALYSIS APPLICATIONS:

ECOSYSTEMS CHARACTERIZATION AND SUSTAINABILITY

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Integrated, Hierarchical Systems Analysis

 Landscape or site is mosaic of dynamic systems that

  • perate through complex, interrelated processes.
  • Understanding dynamic systems separately, and then

collectively allows for broader understanding of environmental system.

  • Dynamic systems may include climate, land surface,

surface water, geomorphology, geology, and ground water.

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Integrated, Hierarchical Systems Analysis

 Understanding each system hierarchically depends

  • n the understanding of the other systems.

 Stepwise approach breaks complicated issues into

smaller, easier to understand, components.

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Hierarchical Systems Analysis in Karst Terrains

Final Mine Design System Conceptualization

& Characterization

Identify and Evaluate Potential Environmental Impacts Integrate Mining with Systems Field Conceptualization Database Development Problem Definition Is characterization complete?

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Hierarchical Systems Analysis

  • Land surface
  • Climate
  • Topography
  • Surface Water
  • Geomorphology
  • Soils
  • Surficial geology & processes
  • Engineering geology
  • Geology
  • Structure
  • Stratigraphy
  • Geophysics
  • Ground water
  • Aquifer properties
  • Recharge / Discharge

Ground water system Subsurface system Geomorphic system Land surface system

Noise Dust Habitat Storm water Flood Erosion / Sed. Fluvial Landslide Karst Earthquake Vibration model Water table

Char Complete? Primary Maps & Databases Examples Systems (Interp. & Models) Environmental Impacts Examples Integrate with mining

No Yes

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Hierarchical Systems Analysis Applications

  • Ground water system water quality analysis
  • Ground water flow system analysis
  • Wetlands system analysis
  • Watershed system analysis (integrated surface water and

ground water system)

  • Ecosystem characterization
  • Site specific system analysis (for example, aggregate

mining).

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Carlsbad Case History

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Carlsbad Caverns National Park

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Carlsbad Caverns National Park Walnut Canyon

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Carlsbad Caverns National Park

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Carlsbad Caverns National Park

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van der Heijde et. al, 1997

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van der Heijde et. al, 1997

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van der Heijde et. al, 1997

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van der Heijde et. al, 1997

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van der Heijde et. al, 1997

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van der Heijde et. al, 1997

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van der Heijde et. al, 1997

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van der Heijde et. al, 1997

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van der Heijde et. al, 1997

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Advantages of Using HSA

 Uses established methods and approaches

  • ASTM Standard Guides (Expedited Site

Characterization; Conceptualization and Characterization of Ground Water Systems)

  • Established field and laboratory protocols
  • Established modeling tools (for example,

MODFLOW and HSPF).

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Advantages of Using HSA

 Differs from most approaches that are component

and/or discipline-specific.

 Incorporates geological, hydrological, chemical, and

biological factors and associated interactions at a level

  • f scientific credibility that satisfies stand-alone

disciplines yet is accessible to managers and decision- makers.

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Summary

  • Hierarchical systems analysis (HSA) provides a rapid,

cost effective scientific and management approach for:

  • Characterizing an environmental system
  • Identifying type and extent of human impacts to the

system.

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References

  • Brooke, M.T., 1996, Determining infiltration pathways in Carlsbad Caverns National

Park using hydrogeologic and hydrochemical characterization and analysis: Unpublished Master of Engineering Thesis, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO.

  • Fetter, C.W., 1994, Applied Hydrology, 3rd Edition: MacMillan College Publishing

Company, New York.

  • Hill, C.A., 1987, Geology of Carlsbad Cavern and Other Caves in the Guadalupe

Mountains, New Mexico and Texas: New Mexico Bureau of Mines and Mineral Resources Bulletin 117.

  • Kolm, K.E., van der Heijde, P.K.M., Downey, J.S., and Gutentag, E.D., 1996,

Conceptualization and characterization of ground-water flow systems: in Ritchey, J.D., and Rumbaugh, J.O., eds., Subsurface fluid-flow (Ground water and vadose zone) modeling: ASTM, STP 1288, American Society of Testing and Materials, West Conshohocken, PA., pp. 61-80.

  • van der Heijde, P.K.M., Kolm, K.E., Dawson, H.E., and Brooke, M.T., 1997,

Determining water infiltration routes from structures located above Carlsbad Cavern, Carlsbad Caverns National Park, Carlsbad, New Mexico: International Ground Water Modeling Center – GWMI 97 – 01, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO., 83 p.