Simulat ulatio ion n from subsea ea to separat ator or Matt - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Simulat ulatio ion n from subsea ea to separat ator or Matt - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Aug 18, 2022 355 likes •553 views

Simulat ulatio ion n from subsea ea to separat ator or Matt Straw Norton on Straw w Consult ltant ants Introduct oduction ion Matt Straw PhD University of Nottingham, CFD in wind engineering (natural ventilation) 15 years oil

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SLIDE 1

Simulat ulatio ion n from subsea ea to separat ator

  • r

Matt Straw Norton

  • n Straw

w Consult ltant ants

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SLIDE 2

Matt Straw

– PhD University of Nottingham, CFD in wind engineering (natural ventilation) – 15 years oil and gas engineering consultancy including

  • Subsea & flow assurance
  • Process & separation
  • Safety
  • Marine operations

Norton

  • n Straw Consult

ltant ants

– Oil & Gas engineering, focussed on simulation-based services – Technical management & business development

Our wo work with CD-adap apco

– Sector management for oil and gas (upstream) – Help to understand industry needs for current and future simulation – Industry and application experience

Introduct

  • duction

ion

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SLIDE 3

Indus ustry challe leng nges es & breadth h of simulat lation ion Overvie iew of how

  • w STAR-CCM+ is used in the industry

Focus on a selection ion of applicat ations ions and

– Provide some of examples of Norton Straw Consultants current projects – Look beyond current simulation methods– CD-adapco development – Trying to avoid duplicating topics from other talks in the session

Presen enta tati tion

  • n
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SLIDE 4

Upstr tream am oil and gas

Engineer ineering ing challe leng nges es

– Safety – Challenging environments – Costly and complex intervention – Complex fluids including solids – Long design life (25 years +) – Many uncertainties – Large structures

Wide e range e of simulat lation ion required uired

– Multiphase flow – Solids production & transport – Conjugate heat transfer – Complex chemistry – Complex rheology – Fluid-structure interaction

UPSTREAM – EXPLORATION ION & PRODUCTION ION

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SLIDE 5

Sub-surface ce

– Reservoir – Drilling – Downhole

Subsea ea

– Production systems – Pipelines – Riser & umbilical systems – Flow assurance

Offshore

  • re structures

ctures & facili lities ies

– Safety – Process & separation systems – Structural & marine

Marine ine operation

  • ns

– Vessels operations – Deployment

Upstr tream am oil & gas areas of applicat ation ion

UPSTREAM – EXPLORATION ION & PRODUCTION ION

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SLIDE 6

Re Relat ativ ively ly new ew area for detaile iled simulat lation ion Re Reservoir

  • ir

– Multiphase – Complex fluids, phase change – Wide scale disparity from reservoir down to pore-scale – Interaction with wellbore

Drilling ing & dow

  • wnhole
  • le

– Complex fluid structure interaction issues (6 DOF) – Complex rheology – Solids

Wide range of physics applicable le

– DEM, Eulerian & Lagrangian gives us multiphase, solids and emulsions – Phase change, real gases (steam injection) – Chemical reactions and behaviour for Enhanced Oil Recovery

Sub-sur urfac ace

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SLIDE 7

Flow

  • w assur

uranc ance e – guarant nteeing eing the flow

  • w

– Multiphase flow & solids – Hydrate & thermal management

Integ egrit ity

– Corrosion – Solids management/ erosion (later talk)

Vortex-ind induc uced ed vibratio ion n Flow

  • w-ind

induced ed vibration ion (later talk) On On-bottom

  • m stabilit

ility

Subsea ea & flow

  • w assuranc

ance

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SLIDE 8

Co Co-sim imul ulat ation

  • n will contin

inue ue to develop as we we take on more physics STAR-CCM CCM+ / OLGA coupling ng

– Large-scale disparity – 1D simulation advantageous for system-wide – 3D brings accuracy and physics – STAR-CCM+ - OLGA coupling can be used to 2 approaches together

STAR-CCM CCM+ / Abaqus - Applications ions coupling ng fluid and structur ure

– Riser fatigue, subsea jumper and pipeline flow-induced vibration – Interesting talk at the conference to follow

Co Co-simu imulat lation ion

Pressu sure and tempera ratu ture re OLGA with slug tracki king STAR-CCM+ M+

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SLIDE 9

Safety ety (present ntat ation ion later & tomorrow) Process & separat atio ion

– Separator performance – Sloshing – Heat exchangers – System integrity

Structural l & design

– Wave loading – Green water

Offshor

  • re fa

facilit lities ies

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SLIDE 10

Oil & gas marine ne operati tions

  • ns

Pipeline ne and structur ure installat llatio ion Vessel el costs are signific ficant nt (~$20k to ~100k/day) Need to understan and limitin ing sea-stat ate Drag, added-mas ass & slam load required Simulat lation ion can reduce e conser ervat atis ism

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SLIDE 11

Case e studies es

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SLIDE 12

Hydrat ate e

– Ice –like solid formed between hydrocarbon gas and water – Avoidance is a major design and operational consideration – Can block a production system; complex and expensive to remedy

Current nt design n strat ategy egy

– Methanol injection during production (expensive to inject and reclaim) – Avoid temperatures below which hydrates form – A challenge during a shutdown for more complex structures (rather than pipelines) – Usually requires insulation

Flow

  • w assuranc

ance e - Hydrat ate e managem emen ent

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SLIDE 13

Hydrat rate e managem emen ent-curre urrent nt method hod

Start with production

  • n condit

itio ion Turn off production ion and allow

  • w to cool

– Monitor minimum fluid temperature – Fails when reaches hydrate appearance temperature

Typicall ally build in conser ervat atis ism e.g.

– Assumed to be in extreme current – Worst-case insulation properties – Starting production fluid temperature

Minimum fluid temperature Hydrate appearance temperature

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SLIDE 14

Thermal al analysis is can produce e conser ervat ative e designs ns Hydrat ate e risk is often ex extremely ely low

  • w when productio

ion n fluid reaches es hydrat ate formation ion temperat ature Volum ume of fluid at hydrat ate e format ation

  • n temper

erat atur ure e is typically lly negligib ible le for a few ew hours after minimum um fluid temperat atur ure e reaches es hydrat ate e appearan ance Impacts design n & instal allat lation ion signifi fican antly ly

– Insulation application time and costs – Structural design (avoiding cold spots) – Dry weight for installation (vessel costs high)

How

  • w do we

we reduce e conser ervat atis ism?

– Understand the risk better – Model hydrate formation?

Hydrat rate e managem emen ent t - develop

  • pmen

ent

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SLIDE 15

Hydrat rate e managem emen ent t - develop

  • pmen

ent

Oil-dom

  • mina

inated ed 3 phase e flow

  • w (more prev

evalen ent in gas syste tems ms) Eulerian erian multiph phase e flow

  • w model:

– Phase 1: Oil – continuous fluid – Phase 2: Gas – dispersed bubbles – Phase 3: Water/hydrate – dispersed droplets (fH=0) turn into hydrate particles (fH=1)

Oil Wate ter Gas Hydrate + wate ter Hydrate Oil region modelled Flow

  • w directi

tion

  • n

1. 1. Methane (CH4) gas bubbles dissolv

  • lved

ed into the oil 2. 2. Water er dro roplet lets contact dissolv

  • lved

ed CH4, turn into to hydrate e particles icles when the below

  • w hydra

rate e nucleatio eation n tempera rature ure 3. 3. Dissolv

  • lved

ed gas is consumed ed in the hydrate e formation ion pro rocess

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SLIDE 16

Hydrat rate e managem emen ent t - develop

  • pmen

ent

Tempera ratu ture re of oil (Note areas cooler than hydrate nucleation temperature of 15.6°C) Hydrate fraction

  • n in

water ter (Hydrate starts to form when temperature drops below 15.6°C) This can easily be implemented ted in ST STAR-CCM+

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SLIDE 17

Flows

  • ws with low
  • w wa

water cut

– Gas with water cut is complex to model – Empirical models not suitable so – Follow the water - Use liquid films to identify risk

Solids deposit ition ion

– Sediment deposition can lead to accumulation of sulphide-reducing bacteria – Follow the solids – use DEM, Eulerian or Lagrangian

Corros

  • sion

ion predicti tion n develop

  • pmen

ent t in STAR-CC CCM+

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SLIDE 18

An area where, , in oil and gas, we we have not

  • t seen

CD CD-adap apco

  • electroc
  • chem

emic ical l develop

  • pment

ent wo workin ing in collab abor

  • rat

ation ion with Prof. John Harb, BY BYU Activel ely develop

  • pin

ing case studies ies, inp nput valued if data availab able le

Corros

  • sion

ion & electr troc

  • chem

hemic ical al develop

  • pmen

ent

E-coating CP Galvanic Crevice Pitting 3D Flow + Corrosion

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SLIDE 19

Simulat lation ion use in upstream eam continu inues es to grow

  • w and develop

STAR-CCM CCM+ gives us wide range of physics Speed of meshing ing and set-up up is key ey to spending ng more time e solving ng the engine neer ering ng problem Continued inued developm pment ent in STAR-CCM CM+ continu inues es to improv

  • ve simulat

lation ion and subsequent uent enginee eerin ing Co Co-sim imul ulat ation

  • n opportun

unit ities es widens our applications ions

Closing ing remarks rks