Green Techniques For Controlling Pest Arkansas State University - - PDF document

1

Green Techniques For Controlling Pest

Arkansas State University Integrated Pest Management

2

Tends to ignore the reasons why a pest

problem exists, but instead reacts to an infestation by temporarily treating the pest with chemicals.

Chemical applications are made, if pest

are present or not.

Traditional pest control has usually meant

regularly scheduled pesticide applications.

The public is becoming more concerned

about the effects pesticides has on themselves and the environment.

3

Covering exposed surfaces with

pesticides may increase the risk of people contacting surface residues and inhaling contaminated airborne dust particles..

Pesticides do not solve the problems that

cause pest infestations.

"Spray Jockey" is a pest control industry

slang term describing a company, or individual operator, that is convinced that high-impact, high-pressure spray is the answer for all your pest problems.

A typical "Spray Jockey" is one who does not

recognize the vast amounts of different types of treatments and industry approaches to pest problems, and just sprays everything in sight!

4

 “a pest management strategy that focuses on long-term

prevention or suppression of pest problems through a combination of techniques such as monitoring for pest presence and establishing treatment threshold levels, using non-chemical practices to make the habitat less conducive to pest development, improving sanitation and employing mechanical and physical controls.

 Pesticides that pose the least possible hazard and are

effective in a manner that minimizes risk to people, property and the environment are used only after careful monitoring indicates they are needed to pre-establish guidelines and treatment thresholds. As stated in the Healthy Schools Act of 2000 (Assembly Bill 2260)

Integrated Pest Management applies many different methods to prevent or manage pests.

1.

Inspection

2.

Monitoring pest populations

3.

Identifying pests

4.

Determining threshold

5.

Developing a plan

6.

Implementing the plan

7.

Continuing to monitor

5

What Is It? Why Is It Here? What To Do About It ASAP? What To Do To Keep It Away?

IPM is based on the biology of

pests

IPM helps target pests when they

are most vulnerable

IPM helps keep pests from

returning

6

To reduce exposure and

hazards to people, pets, and the environment from pesticide applications.

Reduced cost of pest control. To prevent future pest

problems, not just react after they occur.

Start your IPM program by

inspecting structures and surrounding areas to determine the types of pests that may be a problem.

7

1.

The 3 things pests need for life: food, water, and shelter

2.

Pest, Alive or Dead

3.

Signs of pests, Damage, Sputem, Droppings

4.

Ways that pests can enter the property and structures, Used appliances, luggage, furniture, etc…

8

9

10

Cost 11billion dollars in damage

annually.

Research shows termites do more

damage to structures than Fires! According to research from sciencedaily.com

11

12

Conditions that create an environment favorable for pest to exploit.

13

14

15

16

17 prevents pests from entering.

• 1. Filling cracks and covering holes
• 2. Fencing and netting
• 3. Using window screens and screen

doors

• 4. Keeping windows and doors closed

18

5.

Weather-stripping doors

6.

Inspecting items for pests before bringing them onto the property

7.

Placing grates or screens on drains and vents

19

• 8. Keep grass, weeds, and other

plants from growing against buildings.

• 9. Don’t let trash, stacks of boards, or
• ther materials where pests can hide

accumulate.

• 10. Avoid outdoor lights that attract

insects to your doorways.

• 11. Keep food in pest proof containers.
• 12. Create proper water drainage.
• 13. Remove animal waste.
• 14. Do not allow access to garbage.
• 15. Keep trash cans away from the house.
• 16. Knock down any spider webs.

20

• 1. Fill cracks where pests can enter or

hide.

• 2. Keep food in pest-proof containers.
• 3. Rotate your stock of food so that the
• ldest food is eaten first.
• 4. Practice good sanitation by

cleaning up and disposing of all food scraps after meals.

• 5. Sweep, mop, and/or clean with the

vacuum often.

• 6. Eliminate clutter that may harbor

pests.

• 7. Knock down any spider webs.

21

Traps and glue boards can harm and

even kill pets and beneficial wildlife.

Be careful to place these devices

where people, especially children, and pets will not become entangled.

22

Are deadly??

23

Pesticides may be used in IPM

programs.

It is important to select the

proper formulation and toxicant for the IPM goals.

Baits are a mixture of a pesticide and

food or an attractant.

Baits often contain only minute

amounts of pesticide.

24

Baits are ideal for many IPM

programs because they can be used in tamper resistant containers, or crack and crevice for target specific pests.

It is important to identify the

species when using baits, especially with ants because different species prefer different foods.

25

Yes -- sprays and dusts can often

be applied to inaccessible areas where pests hide thereby lowering the chance of human contact.

All pesticides are potentially

dangerous to some form of life.

You should be aware that pesticides

also represent a potential risk to groundwater, the environment, wildlife and our health.

26

• Proper pesticide use involves a

combination of knowledge, common sense and ability to follow label directions.

• Use only the amount of pesticide

needed for the job in accordance with the label.

• Transport, store, and dispose of

pesticides properly.

Monitor your progress (even after you

apply lethal control measures)

Monitoring tells you what works and what

doesn’t work

Glue boards and traps are useful for

monitoring the type and abundance of many types of pests

27

CAUTION is the signal word for category

3 pesticides. It means the product is slightly toxic to humans: it can be harmful when swallowed. One ounce to a pint of the undiluted product taken by mouth could kill an average sized adult.

28

WARNING means the pesticide

product is moderately toxic: as little as a teaspoon to a table spoon taken by mouth may be enough to kill an average adult.

“DO NOT MESS WITH THIS PRODUCT: IT

WILL HURT AND COULD KILL YOU !!!”

It means that the pesticide is highly

toxic, so toxic that a mere taste to a teaspoon taken by mouth will kill an average sized person.

29

Concerns about health and the

environment associated with chemicals, especially where children (family housing and daycares) are involved.

Looking for effective alternative methods

to pest control.

Able to save Residence Life 11% on

annual pest control cost even with our states 5% increase on Skilled Trade Labor.

Pest Control cost will continue to drop!

30

Some had considered applying

pesticides regularly as being proactive.

Costly and a Dangerous Liability Finding and Correcting Points of Entry and

Conducive Conditions

Educating Students, Staff, and Faculty about

pest prevention.

This will naturally decrease your Customer

Call-in Work Orders.

And all the while, making the campus a

safer environment for students, employees and guest.

Will You Make The Smart Choice?

31

 A cat born and raised in the wild, or who

has been abandoned or lost and turned to wild ways in order to survive, is considered a free roaming or feral cat.

32

Little to no contact with humans Contact with humans started too late Not socialized to humans Females spend most of their time pregnant and

starving

Fighting and disease spread is most commonly a

result of male cats looking for mates

Often live in groups, called colonies Take refuge wherever they can find food-

rodents, other small animals, and garbage.

Seek out shelter such as drainage pipes,

abandoned building, deserted cars, or even dig holes in the grounds and living in burrows.

33

Are not fit for living indoors as pets Can be socialized if kittens are under 8 weeks  Do Not Vocalize  Do Not Approach Humans  Nocturnal Typically  Appear Well Groomed  Do not eat until humans leave

34

Simply put, its not easy. Must endure weather extremes such as

cold and snow, and heat and rain.

Starvation, infection, and attacks from

• ther animals.

Almost half of the kittens born outdoors

die from disease, exposure or parasites before their first year.

 Strays

Approach People and Food Vocalize Appear Disheveled Appear at all hours

35

Stray cats will also often try to make a

home near humans-in car garages, front porches or backyards.

Most are completely reliant on humans as

a food source and are not yet able to cope with life on the streets.

?????????????????

36

Cats are not going to go away Results in continued breeding Increased mortality Continued nuisance behaviors Public health and Animal welfare

concerns

Higher financial cost

37

Can never stop immigration Finding areas to relocate to Feral cats are connected to their territory,

survival chances diminish

Requires continual monitoring and cat

removal

Growing public distaste/Welfare

concerns

Creates VACUUM EFFECT

38

Standard cat population control for

decades

Can never catch EVERY cat Can never stop immigration

• Creates VACUUM EFFECT
• Requires continual monitoring and cat

removal

• Growing public distaste/Welfare

concerns

39

Unfortunately, Feral cats also face

eradication by humans, including some animal control and government agencies, whose methods include poison, gassing, and steel leg-hold traps. An inhumane attempt to kill off feral cat populations.

40

TK TNR TK TNR Vacuum effect

41

Vacuum effect

• Only 2 litter (climate)
• 2.8 surviving to adulthood
• Average Lifespan of 5years

 Take home message:  Exponential Growth  Cats Breed QUICKLY

What is Trap Neuter Return?

42

TNR is the method of humanely trapping

feral cats, having them spayed or neutered and vaccinated, and then returning them to their colony to live out their lives.

TNR has been shown to be the least

costly, as well as the most efficient and humane way of reducing feral cat populations

Long-term impact on feral population

New arrivals trapped when identified TNR has heart Utilizes volunteer resources  Trap Feral Cats are humanely trapped in live traps

43

Neuter Feral Cats are Sterilized, ear tipped for

recognition, and vaccinated against Rabies Virus

44

45

Return Cats are given a sufficient time to rest post

surgery and then are returned to their original habitat

Volunteer colony caretakers continue to provide

food and monitor health issues in the colony

46

 Costs involved with euthanizing a cat are the same or

more for sterilizing it

 Compassion Staff do not want to euthanize a healthy

animal

 Nuisance behaviors such as spraying, excessive

noisemaking and fighting are largely eliminated.  Gets shelters out of the “nuisance”

business which is inconsistent with our mission of animal welfare.

 Focuses on community education and

promoting the health of cats, exactly what we hope to accomplish.

• TK $170-$225/cat

 High cost from patrolling & sheltering animals  Reoccurring cost because of vacuum effect

• TNR $60-$120/cat (our cost was $50&$85)

 Brunt of cost avoided using volunteers  Costs subside over time (fewer and fewer fertile cats)  Public is generally supportive of TNR

47

 Sends an important message to the

community that the lives of feral cats and cats in general are valuable

 Cats are not a disposable commodity to

be discarded at any time

 Not just “Crazy Cat Ladies” that want to

take care of these animals

Not just “Crazy Cat Ladies” that want to

take care of these animals

 Increases the health of feral cat colonies

and makes their lives less harsh

Reduces population over time, cats will

have more space, shelter, and food.

Fewer risks of disease

48

 Teaches the respect for animal

life to the community, therefore improving their treatment in the long term.

 Over half of feral kittens die within the

first year of life.

 Feral cats in a TNR program are typically

as healthy as indoor cats.

 Providing Rabies vaccination for all TNR cats

helps prevent spread of Rabies to people and

• ur pets.

Sterilized Cats are healthier and happier,

meaning less risk of exposure to people and pets in general

 Colony providers have reported

significant reduction in population over time.

 Vacuum Effect Euthanasia of Feral Cats so far has been the only

• ther option and that clearly is not working.

Cats will breed to full capacity Cats fill in when resources are available to fill the

vacuum created by removal/euthanasia of a colony

49

 Created more good will and trust within

• ur community of supporters, which

translates into more donations

 Community sees your organization as a

safe place for all animals (important to post signs warning against the dumping

• f animals)

Divided campus into 10 sections or

colonies.

Set 10 traps in each section a week. Set a 10 week plan. Prepared for 100 cats. Set up time and amount with local

Veterinarian

Human-grade tuna, mackerel, sardines and

salmon work well as bait as it is water based and eliminates any need for a water supply for the short amount of time in trap.

Do not feed cats for 36 hours Trapped only in dry temperate weather.

50

All traps are labeled with Red tape

marked Caution, to deter students/staff to not interact with a trapped feral cat.

Any trap containing a feral cat with an

injury or defect will be marked with Blue tape as to notify the Vet. (vets are trained to look for this indicator)

Place newspaper or cardboard in trap

before setting to help in protection of cats feet on wire bottom

Trap only the night before Vet visit Trapped cats transported immediately

after capture to vet

To reduce anxiety, the trapped cat needs

to be covered with a blanket, or tarp during all transportation and storage

Take same amount of pet carriers as cats to

the vet.

Return cats after procedures to exact

location in pet carriers

Photographs of each cat taken to be filed

with their own copy of Vaccination certificate.

Kittens that are caught determined to be

under 8-weeks old will be sterilized and adopted out.

Older kittens will be sterilized and

returned.

51

42 cats were sterilized 1 cat was euthanized 19 kittens were adopted out

Don’t know why you should do it?

At least do it for……….

52