Short Lived Climate Pollutants (SLCP) avoidance and reduction - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Short Lived Climate Pollutants (SLCP) avoidance and reduction approaches in municipal solid waste (MSW) management

Janya Sang-Arun

Senior policy researcher Sustainable Consumption and Production Group Institute for Global Environmental Strategies (IGES)

Janya Sang-Arun IGES | http://www.iges.or.jp CCAC-MSWI, 23-24 Feb 2014, Surabaya

IGES-SCP

SLCP avoidance

• Methane – greenhouse gas

– Degradation of organic matter under anaerobic condition (no oxygen)  open dumping, landfill

• Incomplete combustion of waste and fossil fuels
• Black carbon – black smoke

– Incomplete combustion (low heat) of waste under

• pen burning and some types of incineration

– Incomplete combustion of fossil fuels

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What is the major SLCP from MSW management?

Janya Sang-Arun IGES | http://www.iges.or.jp CCAC-MSWI, 23-24 Feb 2014, Surabaya

IGES-SCP

SLCP avoidance

How to avoid and reduce methane emission? 1) Avoided open dumping and landfill of organic waste 1.1) Use for animal feed 1.2) Composting and use for soil amendment 1.3) Producing biogas for energy use 1.4) Pre-treatment before landfilling – mechanical biological treatment (MBT) 1.5) Incineration with advanced and well controlled incinerators 1.6) Others 2) Captured landfill gas for energy use or flaring

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Janya Sang-Arun IGES | http://www.iges.or.jp CCAC-MSWI, 23-24 Feb 2014, Surabaya

IGES-SCP

SLCP avoidance

1) Avoided open burning of waste 1.1) Prohibit/Stop open burning

1.2) Separation of recycle materials before disposal to dumpsite that has open burning

2) Reduced waste transportation by heavy fuels 2.1) Reducing waste generation (reduce, reuse)

2.2) Enhancing residents to treat their own waste – household composting, etc. 2.3) Changing type of fossil fuels use (e.g. diesel  NGV)

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How to avoid and reduce black carbon emissions?

Janya Sang-Arun IGES | http://www.iges.or.jp CCAC-MSWI, 23-24 Feb 2014, Surabaya

IGES-SCP

SLCP avoidance

An example of waste management flow for SLCP avoidance and reduction when conventional practice is landfill or open dumping

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Household Food & garden waste Mix waste Recycling

Separation at source

Reduced waste transport

Utilizations

• Animal feed
• Compost
• Biogas
• EM??

Paper Open dumping MBT Landfill with gas recovery Advanced incineration with energy recovery Sanitary landfill RDF

Residue

3Rs

Use alternative fuels

Janya Sang-Arun IGES | http://www.iges.or.jp CCAC-MSWI, 23-24 Feb 2014, Surabaya

IGES-SCP

SLCP avoidance

An example of waste management flow for SLCP avoidance and reduction when conventional practice is open burning

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Household Recyclables Mix waste 3Rs Recycling MBT Landfill with gas recovery Advanced incineration with energy recovery Sanitary landfill RDF

Separation at source

Reduced waste transport

Utilizations

• Animal feed
• Compost
• Biogas
• EM??

Food & garden waste Open burning

Residue

Use alternative fuels

Janya Sang-Arun IGES | http://www.iges.or.jp CCAC-MSWI, 23-24 Feb 2014, Surabaya

IGES-SCP

SLCP avoidance

Examples of methane avoidance and reduction practices in Asian countries

• Use of organic waste for animal feed

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Muangklang, Thailand Vientiane Capital, Lao PDR

Janya Sang-Arun IGES | http://www.iges.or.jp CCAC-MSWI, 23-24 Feb 2014, Surabaya

IGES-SCP

SLCP avoidance

Composting

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Battambang, Cambodia Dhaka, Bangladesh

– waste concern

Surabaya, Indonesia

Penang, Malaysia Phitsanulok, Thailand

Janya Sang-Arun IGES | http://www.iges.or.jp CCAC-MSWI, 23-24 Feb 2014, Surabaya

IGES-SCP

SLCP avoidance

• Anaerobic digestion

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Rayong, Thailand Muangklang, Thailand Kerala, India

Janya Sang-Arun IGES | http://www.iges.or.jp CCAC-MSWI, 23-24 Feb 2014, Surabaya

IGES-SCP

SLCP avoidance

• Mechanical Biological Treatment

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Homogenizing and forming the pile Passive composting for 9 months Compost like product Plastic

Phitsanulok, Thailand

Janya Sang-Arun IGES | http://www.iges.or.jp CCAC-MSWI, 23-24 Feb 2014, Surabaya

IGES-SCP

SLCP avoidance

• Landfill gas recovery for electricity generation

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Rachatewa landfill, Bangkok

Janya Sang-Arun IGES | http://www.iges.or.jp CCAC-MSWI, 23-24 Feb 2014, Surabaya

IGES-SCP

SLCP avoidance

• Incineration with advanced technology that well

equipped with air pollution control

– Japan

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Maishima Incineration Plant, Osaka

www.flickr.com

Janya Sang-Arun IGES | http://www.iges.or.jp CCAC-MSWI, 23-24 Feb 2014, Surabaya

IGES-SCP

SLCP avoidance

• Separation of recyclable materials for recycling – reducing waste to
• pen burning site

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Recycling

Examples of black carbon avoidance and reduction practices in Asian countries

Janya Sang-Arun IGES | http://www.iges.or.jp CCAC-MSWI, 23-24 Feb 2014, Surabaya

IGES-SCP

SLCP avoidance

• Change of fossil fuel use : change from diesel to NGV

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Phitsanulok, Thailand

Janya Sang-Arun IGES | http://www.iges.or.jp CCAC-MSWI, 23-24 Feb 2014, Surabaya

IGES-SCP

SLCP avoidance

Conclusion

• There are many SLCP avoidance and reduction

practices in Asia.

• Remaining questions are:

– How we can sustain & scale-up these practices? – How we can improve the management & operation? – How to select the most appropriate technologies for our cities? – How we can systematically account our efforts on SLCP avoidance and reduction? – Etc. We can work together to find solution for these challenges under the CCAC-MSWI.

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