Short and long baseline oscillations with DAR sources and status of - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Short and long baseline oscillations with DAR sources and status of - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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NNN2011 Short and long baseline oscillations with DAR sources and status of DAE ALUS Sanjib Kumar Agarwalla Sanjib.Agarwalla@ific.uv.es IFIC/CSIC, University of Valencia, Spain Sanjib Kumar Agarwalla, NNN11, Zurich, Switzerland, 9 th

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Short and long baseline oscillations with DAR sources and status of DAEδALUS

Sanjib Kumar Agarwalla Sanjib.Agarwalla@ific.uv.es IFIC/CSIC, University of Valencia, Spain

Sanjib Kumar Agarwalla, NNN11, Zurich, Switzerland, 9th November, 2011

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Stopped Pion Source

Sanjib Kumar Agarwalla, NNN11, Zurich, Switzerland, 9th November, 2011 1/31

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Decay At Rest (DAR) Source

Sanjib Kumar Agarwalla, NNN11, Zurich, Switzerland, 9th November, 2011 2/31

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Proton Source

Sanjib Kumar Agarwalla, NNN11, Zurich, Switzerland, 9th November, 2011 3/31

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Physics Goals

Sanjib Kumar Agarwalla, NNN11, Zurich, Switzerland, 9th November, 2011 4/31

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What do we want and what helps?

Sanjib Kumar Agarwalla, NNN11, Zurich, Switzerland, 9th November, 2011 5/31

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We want 1 MW sources of protons with energy of 800 MeV for a reasonable price What are the factors that are going to help us? Ø No fancy beam structure – Continuous source (CW) is fine run 100 ms on and 400 ms off for CP violation running longer periods may be fine for short baseline Ø No need to inject into another accelerator Ø Constant energy -- no need for an energy upgrade path Unlike Project-X or SNS, which need all of the above

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The world-wide cyclotron industry

Sanjib Kumar Agarwalla, NNN11, Zurich, Switzerland, 9th November, 2011 6/31

NNN2011 Others are also looking for ~ 1 GeV Machines for various applications “ADS’’ – Accelerator driven systems for subcritical reactors “DTRA’’ – Defense Threat Reduction Agency Both applications & others are of interest to industry

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Various Types of Proton Accelerators

Sanjib Kumar Agarwalla, NNN11, Zurich, Switzerland, 9th November, 2011 7/31

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Janet Conrad, Frontiers in Neutrino Physics, 2011

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Approaches using Cyclotrons

Sanjib Kumar Agarwalla, NNN11, Zurich, Switzerland, 9th November, 2011 8/31

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Janet Conrad, Frontiers in Neutrino Physics, 2011

Proposed by Carlo Rubbia, 1994 Initial design by L. Calabretta

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Cyclotron@PSI

Sanjib Kumar Agarwalla, NNN11, Zurich, Switzerland, 9th November, 2011 9/31

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Working Examples

Sanjib Kumar Agarwalla, NNN11, Zurich, Switzerland, 9th November, 2011 10/31

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u The ion source: prototype built at Catania u The injector cyclotron: modest modification to off-shelf model from, e.g., BEST Cyclotron Systems Inc. u The main cyclotron: smaller, simpler version of Riken (Japan) u The extraction foils: well tested at many cyclotron facilities, including PSI and TRIUMF u The target/dumps: At present we have multiple extraction lines but can be avoided by spreading beam Now, we need to optimize all the above components

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Current Progress and Future Plans

Sanjib Kumar Agarwalla, NNN11, Zurich, Switzerland, 9th November, 2011 11/31

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Ø We have a 1st generation design Ø We have a prototype ion source, which produced 20 mA immediately Ø The large magnet specifications are nearly complete, and we expect to go to engineers for first costing within 2 months. This will help us to estimate the cost Ø We have first funding from NSF for our development experiments

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Leptonic CP violation

Sanjib Kumar Agarwalla, NNN11, Zurich, Switzerland, 9th November, 2011 12/31

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The discovery of CP violation in the lepton sector would constitute a smoking gun for leptogenesis to explain the baryon asymmetry

  • f the Universe

Can we study CPV using DAR neutrino sources?

The effort of DAEδALUS collaboration

Conrad & Shaevitz, PRL 104:141802 (2010) See also, arXiv:1006.0260, 1008.4967, 1012.4853

Add LBNE (Neutrino Run) + DAR (Anti-neutrino Run)

SKA, Huber, Link, Mohapatra, arXiv:1005.4055

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Sanjib Kumar Agarwalla, NNN11, Zurich, Switzerland, 9th November, 2011 13/31

NNN2011 Want to measure but not known

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DAEδALUS setup

Sanjib Kumar Agarwalla, NNN11, Zurich, Switzerland, 9th November, 2011 14/31

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Janet Conrad, Frontiers in Neutrino Physics, 2011

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Signal .vs. Background

Sanjib Kumar Agarwalla, NNN11, Zurich, Switzerland, 9th November, 2011 15/31

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CP Measurement

Sanjib Kumar Agarwalla, NNN11, Zurich, Switzerland, 9th November, 2011 16/31

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DAEδALUS + LBNE

Sanjib Kumar Agarwalla, NNN11, Zurich, Switzerland, 9th November, 2011 17/31

NNN2011 Ø LBNE baseline: 1300 km Ø LBNE has matter effects Ø LBNE Energy is high (0.5 to 6 GeV) Ø LBNE is mainly a neutrino expt (anti-neutrino rates are lower) Ø LBNE varies beam energy Ø DAEδALUS baseline: 20 to 1.5 km Ø DAEδALUS has no matter effects Ø DAEδALUS Energy is low (20 to 53 MeV) Ø DAEδALUS is a anti-neutrino experiment Ø DAEδALUS varies beam distance

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LBNE

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Sanjib Kumar Agarwalla, NNN11, Zurich, Switzerland, 9th November, 2011 18/31

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New Approach

Sanjib Kumar Agarwalla, NNN11, Zurich, Switzerland, 9th November, 2011 19/31

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SKA, Huber, Link, Mohapatra, arXiv:1005.4055

  • FNAL

w / Gd

100 − 300 kton

  • e
  • µ

HFN :

  • e
  • µ

HFA :

0.5 − 6 GeV Wide Band Beam

700 kW, 120 GeV

1300 km CC QE

4 P roton Accelerators 1 MW, 1 GeV Low −cost, High−pow er

  • e
  • µ

DAR :

20 − 55 MeV

4 . 10 22

DAR 2 k m I B D

DUSEL

New Approach : DAR + HFN LBNE : HFA + HFN

neutrinos/flavor/year/accelerator protons/year

20

6.2 . 10

µ

  • e

µ 40 50 E [MeV] 30 20 10

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Signal .vs. Background

Sanjib Kumar Agarwalla, NNN11, Zurich, Switzerland, 9th November, 2011 20/31

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SKA, Huber, Link, Mohapatra, arXiv:1005.4055

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Discovery Potential

Sanjib Kumar Agarwalla, NNN11, Zurich, Switzerland, 9th November, 2011 21/31

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SKA, Huber, Link, Mohapatra, arXiv:1005.4055

0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 0.001 0.01 0.1 Fraction of cp (true) sin2213 (true) 13 discovery

(a)

0.001 0.01 0.1 sin2213 (true) MH discovery

(b)

0.001 0.01 0.1 sin2213 (true) CPV discovery

(c)

GLoBES 2010 DAR+HFN, NH DAR+HFN, IH HFA+HFN, NH HFA+HFN, IH

300 kt WC

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Short-baseline ν oscillations

Sanjib Kumar Agarwalla, NNN11, Zurich, Switzerland, 9th November, 2011 22/31

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How to solve the short-baseline puzzle?

Sanjib Kumar Agarwalla, NNN11, Zurich, Switzerland, 9th November, 2011 23/31

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Cyclotron : Proton Source

Sanjib Kumar Agarwalla, NNN11, Zurich, Switzerland, 9th November, 2011 24/31

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Neutrino Source Details

Sanjib Kumar Agarwalla, NNN11, Zurich, Switzerland, 9th November, 2011 25/31

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DAR beam interactions

Sanjib Kumar Agarwalla, NNN11, Zurich, Switzerland, 9th November, 2011 26/31

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DAR + LENA

Sanjib Kumar Agarwalla, NNN11, Zurich, Switzerland, 9th November, 2011 27/31

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Appearance Wave in LENA

Sanjib Kumar Agarwalla, NNN11, Zurich, Switzerland, 9th November, 2011 28/31

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DAR-LENA Sterile Sensitivity

Sanjib Kumar Agarwalla, NNN11, Zurich, Switzerland, 9th November, 2011 29/31

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NOνA : Coming Soon

Sanjib Kumar Agarwalla, NNN11, Zurich, Switzerland, 9th November, 2011 30/31

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DAR-LAr Sterile Sensitivity

Sanjib Kumar Agarwalla, NNN11, Zurich, Switzerland, 9th November, 2011 31/31

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Concluding Remarks

Sanjib Kumar Agarwalla, NNN11, Zurich, Switzerland, 9th November, 2011

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Ø A stopped pion source provides neutrino beams with energy of a few tens

  • f MeV from pion and muon decay-at-rest

Ø A rich physics program can be accomplished with such a neutrino source Ø Low-cost, multi-MW proton cyclotrons needed Ø 5 kt LENA combined with a small 10 kW DAR source can test the LSND/MiniBooNE anti-neutrino signal at 5 sigma in 3+1 model in 1 year Ø DAR neutrino sources together with LBNE can accelerate the discovery reach of CP violation

Stay Tuned for exciting physics with DAR beam Thank You !