Road to MeerKAT KAT-7 DBE Alan Langman meerKAT Overview - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Road to MeerKAT KAT-7 DBE Alan Langman meerKAT Overview - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Sep 11, 2022 328 likes •685 views

Road to MeerKAT KAT-7 DBE Alan Langman meerKAT Overview Objectives of meerKAT Location Location Location MeerKAT Engineering Specification Prototypes to MeerKAT KAT-7 Mention Control Interface Other research

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SLIDE 1

Road to MeerKAT KAT-7 DBE

Alan Langman

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meerKAT

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Overview

  • Objectives of meerKAT
  • Location Location Location
  • MeerKAT Engineering Specification
  • Prototypes to MeerKAT
  • KAT-7
  • Mention Control Interface
  • Other research
  • Questions?
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SLIDE 4

Build a world class radio telescope (up to 80 dishes) Choose a frequency range that is likely to have high science impact. Commission a 7 dish system from end of 2009, engineering risk mitigation and do some early science. Train a new generation of scientists and engineers who are capable to participate in large international projects, such as the SKA. Provide an excellent facility for local and international scientists. Implement mission-driven innovation to mobilise industry, academia and research fraternity. SKA pathfinder

KAT/MeerKAT Objectives

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SKA Bid - Remote site

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The SKA & KAT site

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South African Radio Frequency Measurement Campaign

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SLIDE 8

Radio Frequency Environment HartRAO

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MeerKAT Specifications

Parameter Minimum scenario Goal scenario Frequency range 0.5-2.5 GHz 0.5 - 3 GHz Expandable to include bands >8 GHz Ae/Tsys 200 m2/K 300 m2/K Feed & FoV Single-pixel wideband feed giving natural primary beam FoV Dish diameter 12 m Number of dishes 80 100 Tsys 30 K 25 K Array configuration 70% core array with 500m max. baseline. 30% extended array with 10km max. baseline. Instantaneous bandwidth 512 MHz 1024 MHz Number of channels 16 k 64 k Polarisation purity

  • 25dB
  • 25dB

Dynamic Range 50 dB Phased array beams 5 > 5

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SLIDE 10

MeerKAT DBE Functions

  • Imaging (continuum + spectral line)
  • Beamforming(continuum + spectral line)
  • Pulsar Timing
  • Transient Detection
  • Baseband recording
  • VLBI
  • (and more … scope is still under revision)
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SLIDE 11

Operations Centre (Cape Town) Station Controller (Karoo) Internet access Front end station processor Digital Receiver Back end station processor User (Scientist)

Optical RF links: 80 x 2 optical links (80 dishes, 2 polarisations) Station data: High speed, large data volume, long distance data transfer Karoo Station to off- site data processing facility. Station data: Distribution internationally, typically over TCP/IP. Key interfaces Dishes and Feeds: 80 x 12 m dishes, each equipped with a single pixel prime focus feed

What is the KAT/MeerKAT?

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SLIDE 12

The prototyping phases

KAT-7 construction & commissioning Experimental development model (XDM) Phased Experimental Demonstrator (PED) 4x3x2 FPA

Completed Current – at HartRAO Current – at SAAO On the proposed SKA site in Karoo – 2008

  • nwards

MeerKAT roll-out & commissioning

Same site in the Karoo – 2009 onwards

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11 April 2007

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Drift scan across Cygnus A

First extra-galactic object recorded by XDM – 17/07/2007

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KAT-7

7

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KAT-7 Specifications

Parameter Spec Dish diameter 12 m Number of dishes 7 Tsys 30 K Frequency range 0.5-3 GHz Array configuration < 100 m Feed configuration Single pixel feed, prime focus Instantaneous bandwidth 256 MHz Number of channels 16 k

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SLIDE 18

MeerKAT DBE Functions

  • Imaging (continuum + spectral line)
  • Beamforming(continuum + spectral line)
  • Pulsar Timing
  • Baseband recording
  • VLBI
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KAT-7 Functional View

System health state displays Radio sources Task execution control Task signal displays Task definition Task data products

Telescope

Data capturing machine

Task planning tool Post- processing Task parameters

Raw data: (a i) Dish baseband (a ii) Tied-array baseband (a iii) Tied-array auto-correlation (b) Visibilities

Task instruction set Task execution & resource management Modes: (a) Tied-array (b) Correlator Task types: Single-dish tasks:

  • Single-dish tipping curve
  • Single-dish gain curve

Single-dish/tied-array tasks:

  • Tied-array operator control
  • Tied-array raw data capture
  • Tied-array spectroscopy
  • Tied-array pulsar monitoring
  • Tied-array pointing & gain measurement

Correlator tasks:

  • Gain&phase stability
  • Correlator operator control
  • Correlator raw data capture
  • Baseline calibration
  • Pointing calibration
  • Holography
  • Imaging

Operator Observer Operator Task list Raw data Raw data Operator Observer

  • Tied-array displays
  • Correlator displays

Generate signal displays Operator Task instruction set Operator control (for manual tasks) Task instruction set Real-time (scan level) control Contextual information Generate system health displays Operator Maintainer RF in Maintainer Maintainer

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SLIDE 20

KAT-7 Physical Architecure

ANTENNA SERVICES CONTAINER Antenna Assembly (1 of 7) Trench Trench COMPUTING CONTAINER CONTROL & MONITORING CONTAINER Fibre SITE COMPLEX SW – LAN Switch n – (Antennas 1 to 7) VOIP – Voice Over IP terminal TRF – Time & Frequency Reference C&M – Monitor & Control PC – Personal Computer RF – Radio Frequency Installation Interfaces Key: Responsibilities Telescope Telescope Ancillaries Ancillaries Infrastructure Infrastructure

System Engineering Diagram series

Diagram 3f: Installation Interfaces: Telescope to Ancillaries/Infrastructure

25 June 2008

Fire System Intrusion Sensor VOIP Point Ancillary Equipment C&M Network SW C&M PC Power System Telescope Cabinet C&M Network SW Telescope Cabinet Data Network SW Fire System Intrusion Sensor VOIP Point Ancillary Equipment Power System Transformers UPS/DC System Diesel Generator Power Monitor Fire Sensor POWER ROOM Shed Network SW Patch Panel Fire System Intrusion Sensor VOIP Point CCTV Telescope Cabinet Ancillary Equipment Power System Cooling Plant Weather Station Interface Unit Network SW Antenna Drives Antenna Controller RF Stage 5 Heat Exchanger Cooling Sensor Ancillary Equipment Power System Telescope Cabinet Cooling Splitter Fibre Accommodation /3 /3 /3 Cooling Plant ICD-M-01 ICD-M-05 ICD-M-06 ICD-M-07 ICD-M-04 ICD-M-03 ICD-M-02 ICD-M-09 ICD-M-08 ICD-M-13 ICD-M-12 ICD-M-14 FEED ASSEMBLY ICD-M-11 ICD-M-10 Operator Panel Operator Panel Cape Town Support Base Carnavon Support Base ICD-M-16 Air Conditioner Compressor Air Conditioner Compressor Network SW Long distance Fibre Terminal Unit SITE COMPLEX CONTAINER DBE & RF Subsystem Fire System Intrusion Sensor VOIP Point Ancillary Cabinet ICD-M-15 BMS PC Ancillary Equipment TBD
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DBE Architecture for KAT-7

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Mechanical

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Roach

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katADC Requirements

  • The katADC shall include an E2PROM to store

configuration information.

  • The katADC shall operate from 50MHz to 1GHz (goal

1.5GHz).

  • The katADC shall sample data with more than 6.5 ENOB
  • ver the full operating frequency range.
  • The katADC shall have a 50 ohm termination on the

input, switchable via a suitable RF switch.

  • The katADC shall have 30dB RF gain control
  • The katADC shall have an onboard PLL clock generator.
  • The katADC shall have RFI shielding.
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katADC

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Gateware/Firmware

  • 100% CASPER tools
  • Developed Board Support Package for

ROACH

  • Integrated into toolchain
  • U-boot port on board
  • Ready for ROACH
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Control / Monitoring

  • Control interface are lines of text

– Similar to tinysh, but with two differences:

  • Syntax somewhat more formal, more amenable to

machine parsing

  • Not only set and get commands – commands

defined for application domain (eg: start a data capture)

  • In concept similar to a shell, but also

SMTP, IMAP, POP, FTP

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Implementation

  • Runs out of FPGA blockrams on PPC
  • Control protocol runs over serial port
  • Multiple simultaneous data products over

network interfaces (100Mbit, 10Gbit):

– Histograms (2 * 256 bins) – Radiometers (2 * integrated power value) – Spectrometer (1024 channels, IQUV integrated) – Raw (2 * 1024 complex values)

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Datastream control

  • Create and destroy streams
  • Set up parameters for data products
  • Start and stop data streams
  • Data transfer

– High speed data products emitted autonomously by gateware over 10Gbit – Lower bandwidth data products transferred by processor via 100Mbit interface

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SLIDE 30

Example Command

  • Broadcast histogram data for 15 seconds:
  • ?capture-create stream1
  • ?capture-source stream1 hist
  • ?capture-destination stream1

xdp1:192.168.20.255:7002

  • ?channel-dump-rate stream1 4
  • ?capture-start stream1 1194508376
  • ?capture-stop stream1 1194508391
  • ?capture-destroy stream1
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Other control and monitoring

  • Set time
  • Configure network interfaces
  • Dump and restore settings to survive

reprogramming

  • Report log events
  • ...
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SLIDE 32

hiBOB (M. Aitken)

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hubbleADC (J. Salkinder)

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www.ska.ac.za www.kat.ac.za www.hartrao.ac.za