Relative Density Chapters 3.5 Relative Density 1 2/5/2015 - PDF document

2/5/2015 Relative Density Chapters 3.5 Relative Density 1

2/5/2015 Minimum Density Pluviate soil from height of 25 mm Maximum Density Vibrate for 8 minutes 2

2/5/2015 Relative Density Correlations Clean sand (0 ≤ F c ≤ 5%) Sand w/ fines (5 ≤ F c ≤ 15%) Sand w/ fines and clay (15 ≤ F c ≤ 30%) Relative Density Correlations � ��� � 0.072 � 1.53� ��� 3

2/5/2015 Soil Consistency Chapter 3.6 Atterberg Limits BRICK (crumbly) PLAYDOH MUD 4

2/5/2015 Liquid Limit Device Liquid Limit Determination 5

2/5/2015 Plastic Limit Determination ⅛ " thread Fall Cone 20 mm penetration in 5 seconds @ LL 6

2/5/2015 Fall Cone = 38% Fall Cone ~68% PI = 68% − 55% = 13% ~55% 7

2/5/2015 Shrinkage Limit 8

2/5/2015 Air V v = e Shrinkage Limit  w /m s 1            w  SL w w w V 100% i i  m  s 9

2/5/2015 Shrinkage Limit Note Dish starts out full ! m 2 = m s Activity  activity 10

2/5/2015 Activity (unhydrated) (hydrated) Liquidity Index w BRICK (crumbly) MUD PLAYDOH 11

2/5/2015 Plasticity Chart Shrinkage Limit Soil 1: SL = 20 – 6 = 14 -9 +6 Soil 2: SL = 20 + 9 = 29 (Holtz & Kovacs, An Introduction to Geotechnical Engineering , 1981) 12

2/5/2015 Shrinkage Limit Casagrande’s procedure for estimating the shrinkage limit. (Holtz & Kovacs, An Introduction to Geotechnical Engineering , 1981) 13