ICEIS 2006 Matthias Jarke Reflexive Community Information Systems Matthias Jarke RWTH University & Fraunhofer FIT Lehrstuhl Informatik V (Informationssysteme) Prof. Dr. M. Jarke I5-Jarke-0506-1
Three Facets of Enterprise Information Systems ICEIS 2006 Control, Coordinate Organization Models/ Human Work Organization Models/ Human Work Matthias Jarke Business Processes Practice Business Processes Practice Change, Improve g n i ERP, Workflow, Data Warehouse t u p m o C d e r e t n e C - E n t a x m e m t u n H / o p C n o s s o Change Change e w c i o t e r u P r a l o , n i E v e E v - L i Mgmt. Mgmt. h l e e c a d r r A o n M i n g Information Information Technology Technology Lehrstuhl Informatik V (Informationssysteme) Cooperative Information Systems: [De Michelis et al.’98, CACM] Prof. Dr. M. Jarke Change Management: [Jarke et al.’97] I5-Jarke-0506-2
Research Question � “Communities of Practice” (Wenger) are social groupings ICEIS 2006 with some shared practice, mutual learning and reflection Matthias Jarke � Internet-based communities � span organizations and countries � have become an important source of social identity and (inter-) corporate memory � but are also known to prolong conflicts, including some of the major civil wars of today � create their own cultures which are highly volatile, hard to predict and control � Can we provide assistance for self-organization and reflection without too much complexity? Lehrstuhl Informatik V (Informationssysteme) Prof. Dr. M. Jarke I5-Jarke-0506-3
Talk Outline � Background on Requirements Engineering ICEIS 2006 � Community Information Systems Matthias Jarke � Multimedia IS + “Social Software” � (self-)organized via Metadata � A Case Study: Afghan Cultural heritage recovery Information System (ACIS) � Reflecting on IT-Supported Social Networks � Summary and Outlook Lehrstuhl Informatik V (Informationssysteme) Prof. Dr. M. Jarke I5-Jarke-0506-4
(Biased) Background on Requirements Engineering Early 1990’s: RE defined as the traceable � process of establishing a vision in a three- ICEIS 2006 dimensional context (EU project NATURE) Matthias Jarke � domain (e.g. ontologies, patterns) � formalism / technology (e.g. UML, formal specs., tool environments) � social environment (stakeholders, organizations, impacts) Late 1990’s: requirements knowledge � cannot be made fully explicit (EU CREWS) � circumscribed by use cases, misuse cases � (textual or multimedia) scenarios linked to goals to allow viewpoint resolution � linked to Nonaka/Takeuchi theory of knowledge management Lehrstuhl Informatik V (Informationssysteme) Prof. Dr. M. Jarke I5-Jarke-0506-5
Background on Requirements Engineering (2) � Since 2000: systems seen as embedded in ICEIS 2006 social networks, and can themselves be viewed Matthias Jarke as agent networks (TROPOS initiative) � i* formalism for strategic goals and dependencies � speech-act based contract nets in workflows � TCD dynamic trust model � Trust in people Strategic Strategic Goals Dependencies � Confidence � Distrust by monitoring Delegation � Logical next step: Planned Contracts Workflows � End user development Lehrstuhl Informatik V (Informationssysteme) Prof. Dr. M. Jarke I5-Jarke-0506-6
“Social Softw are” � Facilitates construction of relationships ICEIS 2006 between individuals or groups = facilitate Matthias Jarke construction of social networks � Support for conversational interaction between individuals or groups = Support individual publishing and dissemination of information within these social networks (cf. Hippner & Wilde, 2005; Wikipedia, 2006; Boyd, 2003) Lehrstuhl Informatik V (Informationssysteme) Prof. Dr. M. Jarke I5-Jarke-0506-7
Factors Making Softw are “Social” � Support for conversational interaction between individuals ICEIS 2006 or groups (not centred around technology or communication channel) Matthias Jarke � Self organisation, shifting locus of control � Support for social feedback � Voluntariness (no enforcements like groupware) � Shifting role of individual from information consumer to information producer � Focus less on individual contributions but on emerging structure (emerging from connections) � Reputation is earned by winning trust of others Lehrstuhl Informatik V (Informationssysteme) (Hippner & Wilde, 2005; Boyd, 2003) Prof. Dr. M. Jarke I5-Jarke-0506-8
Potentials for Enterprises � Blogging for Business � For knowledge management, project management, ICEIS 2006 communities of practice, PR Matthias Jarke � Substituting traditional CMS, bottom-up tagging � Low costs, high flexibility, easy to use, reputation � Web 2.0 - eLearning 2.0 � Networks of interaction – The web as a platform � An attitude not a technology � From blogging to podcasting � New businesses, increased productivity � ePortfolios � Self-monitoring tools for learning communites Lehrstuhl Informatik V (Informationssysteme) Prof. Dr. M. Jarke I5-Jarke-0506-9
A Plethora of Media and Artefacts ICEIS 2006 Artefacts Email Newsletter Discussion Blog Transaction-based Wiki Chat URL Group Web Site Room Medium Matthias Jarke Message + + + - - - - - Burst + - + + + + - - Blog Entry - - - + - - - - Thread + - + - - + + - Web Page - - - - - + - + Comment - - - + + + - - Transaction - - - - + - - - Conversation - - - - - + - - Feedback - - - - + - - - + rapidly increasing usage of multimedia (speech, photos, videos, …) Lehrstuhl Informatik V (Informationssysteme) Prof. Dr. M. Jarke I5-Jarke-0506-10
Community Information Systems Knowledge Management ICEIS 2006 Control, Coordinate Networks/CoPs/ Regulations/ Networks/CoPs/ Regulations/ Matthias Jarke Individuals Business Processes Individuals Business Processes Change, Improve Workflow Specification E m / p n o o w i t e u r l Meta Meta o , E v e E v - L i h l e e c a d r r A Data Data o n M i n g Coordination Cross-Media Systems Engineering & Digital Media Digital Media Semantic Web Design Technology Technology Lehrstuhl Informatik V (Informationssysteme) Cooperative Information Systems: [De Michelis et al.’98, CACM] Prof. Dr. M. Jarke Change Management: [Jarke et al.’97] I5-Jarke-0506-11
Metadata in Community Systems � Scalable and interoperable repositories for communities by technologies for creating, ICEIS 2006 maintaining, and utilizing metadata Matthias Jarke � Metadata are based on international standards in different application domains � Repositories are based on state-of-the-art database technologies � Community middleware is realized as service oriented architecture � Functions: � Search and Retrieval, Browsing, � Matching, Interoperability, Harmonization � Data Mining, … Lehrstuhl Informatik V (Informationssysteme) Prof. Dr. M. Jarke I5-Jarke-0506-12
MPEG-7 Metadata Standard User ICEIS 2006 Content Organisation Collections Models Interaction Matthias Jarke Navigation & User Creation & Preferences Access Production Summaries Usage Media Content management User Views History Content description Structural Conceptual Creator information Variations Aspects Aspects Use cases Structural analyze Basic Elements Links & media Schema Basic Basic Localization Tools Data Types Tools content-oriented user-oriented Rights Lehrstuhl Informatik V Events documentation Web publication (Informationssysteme) A Prof. Dr. M. Jarke B I5-Jarke-0506-13
Reflective Community Information Systems Support of evolving Community/ies ICEIS 2006 (may involve frequently reassessing community needs) Matthias Jarke Self-monitoring tools for Communities Socio-technical Measuring, Information System Analysis, Development Simulation Multimedia Community Information Systems Access community needs Lehrstuhl Informatik V (Informationssysteme) Prof. Dr. M. Jarke I5-Jarke-0506-14
Lightw eight Application Server (LAS) � Basic Elements ICEIS 2006 � Connectors Matthias Jarke � Components � Services � Service Methods Call � SOAP Connector � HTTP Connector � Extension & Reload at Runtime Lehrstuhl Informatik V (Informationssysteme) Prof. Dr. M. Jarke I5-Jarke-0506-15
LAS MPEG-7 Service Extension ICEIS 2006 Matthias Jarke Oracle DB2 eXist, IBM Viper,... Extension: Extension: MPEG-7 LAS Services Lehrstuhl Informatik V MPEG-7 XML DB (Informationssysteme) Prof. Dr. M. Jarke I5-Jarke-0506-16
Semantic Image Tagging ICEIS 2006 Matthias Jarke � MPEG-7 Image Tagger: � Powered by MPEG-7 Services and LAS � Keyword Tagging & Search � Semantic Basetype Tagging & Search � Keyword Graph Analysis (yFiles) Lehrstuhl Informatik V (Informationssysteme) Prof. Dr. M. Jarke I5-Jarke-0506-17
Talk Outline � Background on Requirements Engineering ICEIS 2006 � Community Information Systems Matthias Jarke � Multimedia IS + “Social Software” � (self-)organized via Metadata � A Case Study: Afghan Cultural heritage recovery Information System (ACIS) � Reflecting on IT-Supported Social Networks � Summary and Outlook Lehrstuhl Informatik V (Informationssysteme) Prof. Dr. M. Jarke I5-Jarke-0506-18
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