SLIDE 3 2
Bribery vs. Civil Service Professionalism Bribery vs. Civil Service Professionalism
BGR CZE SVK KAZ BRA CAN CHE CHL CHN COL CRI CZE DEU DNK ESP FIN FRA GBR GRC GTM HKG HND HUN IDN IND IRL ISL ISR ITA JOR JPN KOR LUX MEX MYS NIC NLD NOR NZL PER PHL POL PRT RUS SGP SLV SVK SWE THA TUR TWN UKR USA VEN VNM ZAF ZWE
r=0.86
Civil Service Professionalism Bribery
HIGH LOW LOW HIGH
Corruption and Regulatory Corruption and Regulatory Discretion Discretion
ARG AUS AUT BEL BRA CAN CHE CHL CHN COL CRI CZE DEU DNK ESP FIN FRA GBR GRC HKG HUN IDN IND IRL
ISR
ITA JPN KOR LUX MEX MYS NGA NLD NOR NZL PHL POL PRT RUS SGP SWE THA TUR TWN USA VEN VNM ZAF
r=0.76
Regulatory discretion (GCS97) Corruption
High corruption Low corruption Low High
Even more important (than regulatory interventions) in understanding bribery and corruption is the degree of regulatory discretion.
Time Management Spent with Time Management Spent with Bureaucrats and Frequency of Bribery Bureaucrats and Frequency of Bribery
ARM ARM AUT AUT AZE AZE BEN BEN BGR BGR BLR BLR BOL BOL CAN CAN CHE CHE CIV CIV CMR CMR COG COG COL COL CRI CRI CZE CZE DEU DEU ECU ECU ESP ESP EST EST FJI FJI FRA FRA GBR GBR GEO GEO GHA GHA GIN GIN GNB GNB HKG HKG HUN HUN IND IND IRL IRL ITA ITA JAM JAM JOR JOR KAZ KAZ KEN KEN KGZ KGZ KOR KOR LTU LTU LVA LVA MAR MAR MDA MDA MDG MDG MEX MEX MKD MKD MLI MLI MOZ MOZ MUS MUS MWI MWI MYS MYS NGA NGA POL POL PRT PRT RUS RUS SEN SEN SGP SGP SVK SVK TCD TCD TGO TGO THA THA TUR TUR TZA TZA UGA UGA UKR UKR USA USA UZB UZB VEN VEN ZAF ZAF ZMB ZMB ZWE ZWE
R =.77 R =.77
10% 10% 20% 20%
30% 30%
Frequency of bribery Frequency of bribery (WDR 1997)
(WDR 1997)
% Management Time % Management Time with bureaucrats with bureaucrats
Low Low High High
Source: Kaufmann and Source: Kaufmann and Wei Wei (1998) Data analysis based on survey conducted under the World (1998) Data analysis based on survey conducted under the World Bank’s World Development Report 1997. Bank’s World Development Report 1997.
11
Corruption and Rule of Law Corruption and Rule of Law
ZWE ZMB ZAR ZAF VNM VEN USA URY UGA TZA TWN TUR TUN THA SYR SWE SVK SGP SAU RUS ROM QAT PRT POL PHL PER PAN PAK OMN NZL NOR NLD NGA MYS MMR MEX MAR LKA LBY KWT KOR KEN JPN JOR ITA
ISR
IRQ IRN IRL IND IDN HUN HKG GRC GHA GBR FRA FIN ESP EGY ECU DZA DNK DEU CZE CRI COL CMR CIV CHN CHL CHE CAN BWA BRA BOL BHR BGR BGD BEL AUT AUS ARG ARE AGO
r=0.82
Rule of Law
(ICRG, average 1990s)
S&P-DRI Corruption Index
LOW HIGH LOW HIGH
