RailCam By: Chris Perilla, Enrique Hernandez, Dale Mahabir, and - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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RailCam By: Chris Perilla, Enrique Hernandez, Dale Mahabir, and - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Mar 24, 2024 159 likes •573 views

RailCam By: Chris Perilla, Enrique Hernandez, Dale Mahabir, and Youssef Faltone. 1 Introduction People find great comfort in having a security system for their home or business to keep them altered of intrusion. Our product is not like

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RailCam

By: Chris Perilla, Enrique Hernandez, Dale Mahabir, and Youssef Faltone.

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Introduction

  • People find great comfort in having a security system for their home or business to keep them altered of
  • intrusion. Our product is not like other security systems, it has two major features that separates it from the

rest: ○ A rail system with an inductive charging station for one camera to be able to monitor a large area. ○ WiFi communication that allows our camera to send captured images to the end users e-mail allowing for instant and informative intrusion notification.

  • Our project consists of an indoor or outdoor PTZ (Pan Tilt Zoom) night vision capable security camera that

travels horizontally using a simple rail system alongside an indoor or outdoor wall. It will also store images taken by the camera onto an SD card and transmit the images via WiFi to the end user's email. The system will have a backup 5 V battery, that will be charged wirelessly using inductive charging technology. A solar panel will be used as energy source for the camera system during the day.

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Market Analysis/Regulations

  • Industry grew from $11.5 billion in 2008 to $37.7 billion in 2015 and growing.
  • In 2013 NewYorkTimes poll showed 78% of respondents supported the use of security cameras in

public places.

  • Beijiayue, a chinese based company, whose railcam system costs $12,000, our only competitor.
  • Our system will be affordable to the everyday business/ residential customer
  • Surveillance systems most effective near parking lots (crime decreased by 51%)
  • Florida Regulations

“Summary of statute(s): All parties must consent to the recording or the disclosure of the contents of any wire, oral or electronic communication in Florida. Disclosing communications in violation of the state’s statute is prohibited. Both criminal and civil penalties exist for such infractions. The state’s video voyeurism law bans the secret recording underneath or through the clothing of individuals without their consent, or in areas where they have a reasonable expectation of privacy. - See more at: http://www.rcfp.org/reporters-recording-guide/state-state-guide/florida#sthash.GngGJfFW.dpuf”

  • State of Florida
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Top Level Driving Requirements

  • Motion detection using PIR Sensors
  • Image comparison
  • L293D chip to control the motors
  • L317 chip, motor voltage regulator
  • Temperature range determined by LM217
  • Constant 5.1V to avoid data loss using Power Boost 1000 shield
  • Servo control using pwm
  • Offline memory
  • Zilu back up Battery: 5 volt, 4400 mAh
  • Solar cell 9-12V in 5 V out
  • Total current draw at least 2000 mAh
  • Inductive charge bases must be 2-3 mm for 500 mAh
  • Email notification through Gmail
  • Revo 33" Camera Track Slider
  • Edimax Wifi Dongle to provide internet connection 18.75 Mbytes/s
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SLIDE 5

Specifications/Power consumption

Total power provided P = I*V = (5V)(4.4Ah) = 22Wh Estimated power consumption is 10.4 Wh The above voltage and Amp-Hours are from the data sheet of each component. We will measure these when we start experimenting.

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Test cont.

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Test cont.

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Test cont.

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Test/Simulation Plans

LTSpice EE 1. Power ratings of all components. 2. Voltage output of components and capacitor place tuning. 3. Delay in voltage regulators Proteus ME 1. Testing servos and leds to see if properly functioning. 2. Testing basic logic between all devices. Matlab SW 1. Testing the absdiff() using two images with one slightly changed to act as motion detection. Tektronix Oscilloscope 1. Measure the characteristics of our PIR

  • sensors. For example field of view,

distance, reaction time, delay etc.

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SLIDE 10

PIR sensor view angle

We tested the PIR sensor to find its field

  • f view and it was 150 degree all around

with a 0-3.3 V output. We may need to control the field of view depending on the distance between them. Delay can be changed using the POTs. Upto 20 feet detection.

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Proteus Simulation

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Schematic

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Memory

How much memory? Assumption, every day a stream of pictures is taken.

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LM317

A voltage regulator is a microelectronic device that can convert an AC voltage signal into a DC voltage signal. It

  • utputs a stable voltage signal even as the AC voltage crosses zero twice in a cycle. The following circuit diagram is a

simple example of how to achieve this.

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LM317

The resistor is in parallel with the capacitor, because of this configuration as long as there is a current flowing through the resistor the voltage across the resistor and the capacitor are the same. When the AC voltage crosses zero, the capacitor has a stored voltage, which prevents the output voltage from going to zero. The diode in the circuit prevents the negative voltage half cycle from showing at the output voltage, thus only the positive half cycle is present creating a DC voltage. In our application we are using the voltage regulator to prevent the DC voltage from dropping below 5V.

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LM317

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LM317

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Motor Control

This IC chip will allow for the control of a Motor In two directions. When Enable is set to 5 V And Vcc2 is set to 5 V the left side Will be able to control a motor in two directions depending on the Inputs to Input 1 and Input 2 supplied by GPIO pins. Maximum Temp rating is 150°, will need a heat sink to reduce thermal

  • resistance. Required T will need to be 0°C to +50°C . Thermal resistance

will need to be 5.6 degrees/Watt to allow for required temperature range.

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Controlling Motors

Motor control Logic

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UPS system (Power Boost 1000C)

Main purpose: allows for emergency power to a load when the input power source fails. Outputs 5.2 V instead of 5 V as to allow “headroom” for long cables (long rail system). Contains an internal 4A DC/DC converter switch, TPS61030 boost converter from TI (heart of device). Possible to get 1 A from as low as 1.8 V. Has a LED low battery indicator. Lights up red once the voltage dips below 4.2 V. 90%+ operating efficiency.

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Detecting Motion With Camera

Matlab Code

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Image Subtraction

How it works

Images can be represented as arrays of values depending on the color stored in the array. If image 1 at time A is converted to an array and image 2 at time B is converted to an array, the differences of the two images can be taken to find locations where the image has changed. Using the index of this we can assigned a PWM wave to move the direct the servos to the desired location with reference to the image. Below is an example using Matrices, a 2 dimensional array.

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SLIDE 23

imabsdiff

MatLab simulation

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PWM Servos Control Mechanism

  • Servo : Tower Pro SG92R.
  • PWM: Pulse width Modulation.
  • To control servo and get the desired

angle we need to set the frequency and the duty cycle.

  • Frequency: f = 1/T
  • Duty cycle in general is : “the proportion
  • f time during which a component,

device, or system is operated.”

  • To get 0° angle we need pulse high for a

duration of 0.6 ms. To get 180°, we need 2.4ms.

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Servos Control Mechanism

  • To rotate from 0° to 180 ° : from the

starting time is 0.6ms ( offset) to 2.4ms.

  • (2.4-0.6)/180° = 0.01 ms per degree.

PULSE (ms) ANGLE(degree) 0.6 0 1.05 45 1.95 90 1.95 135 2.4 180

  • For better control results we choose

sending pulse every 10ms( T=10ms), so

  • ur frequency is 100Hz to maintain the

servo position.

  • Duty Cycle Formula:

[(target angle x ms per degree)+offset]/period Example: we want 90° . [(90x0.01)+0.6]/10 = 0.15 = 15%

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High Level System Diagrams (Block Diagram)

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High Level System Diagrams (Data Flow)

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Other interfaces

CSI SPI

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Sequence Diagram

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High Level System Diagrams (State Transition)

Main software sections:

  • Determination of which power

supply to use.

  • IR sensor and rail servo

communication.

  • WiFi communication from SD

card to end user’s e-mail (via DropBox/Google Drive).

  • Camera night vision and auto

focus (already integrated in camera).

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Risk Analysis

Inherent:

  • Environmental factors.
  • Loss of backup battery life,

while main power supply is absent.

  • User’s use of WiFi may hinder
  • nline operation of RailCam.
  • Surface must be suitable to place

rail system on. Programmatic:

  • Our budget may be surpassed

(unlikely).

  • Very close neighbors may

have issues if camera is constantly pointed in their direction.

  • RailCam wireless process may

reduce user’s WiFi usage speed when used. Implementation:

  • Funding issues may arise.
  • Coding skills.
  • Group meeting attendance.
  • Different components working

well with one another.

  • Transfer of SD card images to

DropBox.

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Risk Analysis

x1: Complexity of project x2: Coding skills being able to fulfill wireless data transfer task.

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Risk Mitigation

  • Keep research and work ahead of schedule in order to correct problems

early on.

  • Research, learn, and sharpen coding skills pertaining to project.
  • Complete proper research prior to buying any materials or components

to lower chances of surpassing budget and buying unnecessary or useless parts.

  • Begin project prototype assembly by Summer and try best to recycle

parts and components.

  • Research common mistakes/issues made/found in home security

products to optimize product.

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Tech Trades

Power Consumption: A proper UPS to manage between two supplies to reduce probability of SD corruption. Power Boost 1000 shield was decided upon. Microprocessor: Only Raspberry PI will be necessary. Arduino was dropped to reduce complexity and price. Language: PYTHON will be the only language going further. Battery: Zilu pack was chosen as the main power supply .

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Closure Plans

BOM is close for now and we plan on finalising the components before summer. Learning PYTHON basics is an essential part of our project and needs to be completed by mid summer since we have chosen the Raspberry Pi 2 B+ More research on components to get best performance. Ensure compatibility between all components by the end of summer.

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Preliminary Schedule

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Action Register

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Material Cost Estimate

$129.68

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References

  • 1. https://www.adafruit.com/datasheets/pi-specs.pdf
  • 2. http://www.farnell.com/datasheets/1746965.pdf
  • 3. http://tyconsystems.com/documentation/Spec%20Sheets/TPS%20Solar%20Panels%20Spec%20Sheet.pdf
  • 4. https://learn.adafruit.com/downloads/pdf/pir-passive-infrared-proximity-motion-sensor.pdf
  • 5. http://www.mcmelectronics.com/product/28-17450?

scode=GS401&utm_medium=cse&utm_source=google&utm_campaign=google&gclid=CJXAxPL8y8sCFZQbgQodjHkH2w

  • 6. http://www.amazon.com/4400mAh-Portable-Charger-External-Motorola/dp/B00MWV1TJ6
  • 7. http://www.farnell.com/datasheets/1736969.pdf

8..http://batteryuniversity.com/learn/article/charging_at_high_and_low_temperatures

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SLIDE 40

Website

https://camseek.wordpress.com/

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