Quantum Science Working Group James Amundson (presenter), Roni - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Quantum Science Working Group

James Amundson (presenter), Roni Harnik (co-conspirator) All Scientist Retreat April 26, 2018

The prospects for Quantum Computing in 2026:

The Future of Quantum Computing

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???

The Future of Quantum Computing

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This working group is not like the others

• Quantum Information Science (QIS) efforts are relatively new in HEP and at the

Lab

– “new” can mean the past few years or the past few months

• QIS is a young and rapidly changing field
• Many groups at the lab recently submitted proposals to the first explicit QIS for HEP

funding opportunity

– Short time between announcement and deadline lead to intensive work during the working group period – I will summarize list the proposals here

• including a few highlights

Quantum Science Working Group

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• Classical: storable information scales linearly in the number of bits
• Quantum: storable information scales exponentially in the number of qubits
• There are known quantum algorithms with exponential speedup

– Early example: factoring large numbers

• Taken from LA-UR-97-4986 “Cryptography, Quantum Computation

and Trapped Ions, Richard J. Hughes (1997)

Why the Excitement? (In One Slide)

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Quantum Information Science Enabled Discovery (QuantISED) For High Energy Physics

Topic A: High Energy Physics and QIS Research

– (i) Theoretical, Computational, and/or experimental research exploiting recent convergence of developments in quantum gravity, computational complexity, AdS/CFT holographic correspondence, quantum information theory, emergence of space-time, quantum error correction, black hole physics, scrambling, and qubit system thermalization; – (ii) Foundational field theory techniques, gauge symmetries, and tensor networks invoking quantum information and entanglement concepts that advance knowledge including description of scattering, bound state problems, and advanced gauge theories; – (iii) Analog simulations/quantum emulators/teleportation experiments that advance HEP and QIS, including tests of fundamental string theory and other particle physics models in qubit systems; – (iv) Novel experiments probing HEP science drivers using QIS technology and tools exploiting superposition, entanglement, and/or squeezing with goals for near term science goals and/or steps to scientific discovery – (v) HEP relevant instrumentation, data transfer and quantum communication tools using QIS concepts and QIS technology exploiting superposition, entanglement, and/or squeezing that produce new experimental methods for HEP; – (vi) Foundational and/or technological advances in QIS by incorporation of techniques, tools, and physical principles from particle physics

Recent Funding Announcement

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• Topic B: Quantum Computing for HEP on current or future quantum computing

systems

– (i) Quantum field theory algorithms and simulations including quantum chromodynamics and electrodynamics, accelerator modeling codes, and computational cosmology relevant to HEP science drivers and P5 projects and experiments; – (ii) Quantum machine learning and data analysis techniques and tools that can enhance efficiency or analysis methods for HEP applications. Applications using available annealer platforms are within scope and so are use of quantum computers simulated classically; – (iii) Developing quantum computing simulators and/or frameworks for HEP applications to be developed on existing computers or hybrid systems.

Recent Funding Announcement, continued

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• Includes Fermilab-led proposals as well as proposals in which Fermilab is

participating, but not leading.

Proposed Fermilab QIS Work

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• Topic A (vi): High Energy Physics and QIS Research (Foundational and/or

technological advances in QIS by incorporation of techniques, tools, and physical principles from particle physics)

• Lead Principal Investigator: Dr. Alexander Romanenko

– Other Senior Personnel:

• Dr. Anna Grassellino, Dr. Roni Harnik, Dr. Mohamed Hassan
• Participating institution #1: University of Wisconsin, Madison

– Co-Principal Investigator: Prof. Robert McDermott

• Participating institution #2: National Institute of Standards and Technology

(NIST)

– Co-Principal Investigator: Dr. David Pappas

Ultra-High Q Superconducting Accelerator Cavities for Orders of Magnitude Improvement in Qubit Coherence Times and Dark Sector Searches

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Transmon 3D architecture

• H. Paik et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. (2011)

Cooper-pair box

• Y. Nakamura et al., Nature (1999)
• Higher quality factor 𝑅"

enables longer coherence time

• 𝑅" < 10&currently with 3D

architecture of qubits

• SRF technology capable to

provide 𝑹𝟏 > 𝟐𝟏𝟐𝟐 ̶ 3D qubits with x1000 longer coherence

• SRF technology promises

longer coherence time quantum computers

SRF technology to enable high coherence qubits

SRF technology

> 1 s 1 - 1000 μs 1 - 100 ns

Qubit lifetime

SRF resonators

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• Topic A (vi): High Energy Physics and QIS Research (Foundational and/or

technological advances in QIS by incorporation of techniques, tools, and physical principles from particle physics).

• Lead Principal Investigator: Dr. Davide Braga
• Senior Investigator: Dr. Gregory Deptuch
• Key Personnel: Dr. Sandeep Miryala, Dr. Pamela Klabbers, Dr. Matthew Hollister
• Participating Institution: Georgia Institute of Technology

– Co-Principal Investigator: Prof. John D. Cressler – Senior Investigator: Prof. Dragomir Davidovic

Novel Cold Instrumentation Electronics for Quantum Information Systems

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• Topic A (iv) and (vi): High Energy Physics and QIS Research.
• Lead PI: Robert Plunkett

– Other Senior Personnel: Phil Adamson, Steve Geer, Roni Harnik

• Participating Institution: Stanford

– Co-PI: Jason Hogan – Other Senior Personnel: Peter Graham, Mark Kasevich

• Participating Institution: Northern Illinois University

– Co-PI: Swapan Chattopadhyay

• Participating Institution: University of California at Berkeley

– Co-Pi: Surjeet Rajendran

• Additional Senior Co-Investigators: Jonathon Coleman (Univ. of Liverpool, UK)
• Critical supporting scientific and technical personnel:

– Steve Hahn (FNAL), Jeremiah Mitchell (NIU), Linda Valerio (FNAL), Arvydas Vasonis (FNAL)

Matter-wave Atomic Gradiometer Interferometric Sensor (MAGIS-100)

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MAGIS-100

A large macroscopic quantum instrument

Atom matter waves in superposition separated by up to 10 meters, durations up to 9 seconds Free-falling ultra-cold atoms in MINOS Shaft, in shielded beam pipe.

CAD model of detector in 100-meter MINOS shaft )

Atom Source 1 Atom Source 2 50 meters 50 meters

100 meters

Atom Source 3

Laser pulse (red)

Atoms in free fall Probed using common laser pulses Quantum superposition Matter wave interference pattern readout

Sensor concept Model of top of existing shaft, showing laser emplacement.

Matter wave interferometry at large scales

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Light Pulse Atom Interferometry

Increase acceleration sensitivity: Long duration Large wavepacket separation

10 meter scale atomic fountain

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• Topic A (vi): High Energy Physics and QIS Research (Foundational and/or

technological advances in QIS by incorporation of techniques, tools, and physical principles from particle physics)


• Lead PI: Juan Estrada (Fermilab)
• Co-PI: Steve Holland (LBL)
• Senior/Key Personnel: Cristian Pena (Fermilab), Roni Harnik (Fermilab), Javier

Tiffenberg (Fermilab), Neil Sinclair (Caltech), Si Xie (Caltech), Carlos Escobar (Fermilab)

Skipper-CCD: new single photon sensor for quantum imaging

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skipper-CCD for quantum imaging

entangled photons produced with non-linear crystal and imaged with CCDs. [sub-shot noise imaging]

state-of-the-art sensors can not count more than 1 photon (EMCCD) skipper-CCD developed by FNAL+LBNL can count whatever number you like…

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A) demonstrate existing skipper in quantum imaging

done a few years ago with DECam CCDs (D. Kubik) and by

• C. Escobar with single pixels.

B) investigate the possibility of entangled dark photon production experiment (Roni’s idea) C) optimize skipper-CCD for quantum imaging experiments (lower dynamic range and higher readout speed). S.Holland from LBNL

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• Topic A (v): High Energy Physics and QIS Research, HEP relevant instrumentation

using QIS technology

• Lead Principal Investigator: Aaron Chou

– Additional Senior Personnel: Daniel Bowring

• Participating institution #1: The University of Chicago

– Co-Principal Investigator: Prof. David Schuster

• Participating institution #2: JILA/University of Colorado/NIST

– Co-Principal Investigator: Prof. Konrad Lehnert

• Participating institution #3: Yale University

– Co-Principal Investigator: Prof. Reina Maruyama

Quantum Metrology Techniques for Axion Dark Matter Detection

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Use qubits as single photon buckets to load the cavity into a Fock state of definite photon number (no Poisson noise), and maximally indefinite

• phase. This is a Schrodinger’s cat state of the cavity mode in a

symmetric quantum superposition of all possible oscillation phases.

Power = 𝑮𝒑𝒔𝒅𝒇 0 𝒘𝒇𝒎𝒑𝒅𝒋𝒖𝒛 Get stimulated enhancement of signal

Dark matter gives small displacement from

• rigin. This spontaneous emission gives

tiny population of N=1 state. Displacement by dark matter causes stimulated emission and stimulated absorption rates enhanced by factor 10!

Harmonic oscillator phase space In- phase Anti- phase

Prepare cavity in vacuum state: Prepare cavity in N=10 Fock state:

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• Topic A: High Energy Physics and QIS Research, Subtopics A(i), A(iii)
• Sponsoring (lead) institution: California Institute of Technology

– Lead Principal Investigator: Maria Spiropulu

• Participating consortium institution: Fermilab

– Co-Principal Investigator: Cristian Peña

• Participating consortium institution: MIT

– Co-Principal Investigator: Daniel Harlow

• Participating consortium institution: Harvard

– Co-Principal Investigator: Daniel L. Jafferis

• Senior/Key Personnel:
• Joseph Lykken, Fermilab, Kathryn Zurek, LBNL, Fernando Brandao, Caltech,

Thomas Vidick, Hirosi Ooguri, Caltech, Si Xie, Caltech, Neil Sinclair, Caltech

Quantum Communication Channels for Fundamental Physics (QCCFP)

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• Topic B (iii) Developing quantum computing simulators and/or frameworks for HEP

applications to be developed on existing computers or hybrid systems.

• Lead PI: Dr. Adam L. Lyon
• Senior/Key Personnel: Burt Holzman, James Kowalkowski, Panagiotis

Spentzouris

Framework and Interfaces for Hybrid Classical-Quantum Systems

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• Topic B: Quantum Computing for HEP, Subtopics B(ii), B(iii)
• Sponsoring (lead) institution: California Institute of Technology
• Lead Principal Investigator: Maria Spiropulu

– Caltech Co-Principal Investigator: Jean-Roch Vlimant

• Participating institution: USC

– Co-Principal Investigator: Daniel Lidar

• Participating institution: Fermilab

– Co-Principal Investigator: Panagiotis Spentzouris

• Participating institution: MIT

– Co-Principal Investigator: Seth Lloyd, 617-253-1803, slloyd@mit.edu

• Senior/Key Personnel:

– Joshua Job, USC, Alex Mott, DeepMind

Quantum Machine Learning and Quantum Computation Frameworks for HEP (QMLQCF)

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• Topic B (ii) Quantum machine learning and data analysis techniques and tools that

can enhance efficiency or analysis methods for HEP applications.

• Lead PI: Gabriel Perdue
• Participating Institution: Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL)

– Co-Principal Investigator: Travis Humble

• Senior/Key Personnel: James Kowalkowski (FNAL), Alex McCaskey (ORNL),

Stephen Mrenna (FNAL), Brian Nord (FNAL)

HEP ML and Optimization Go Quantum

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• Topic A (ii): Foundational field theory techniques, gauge symmetries, and tensor

networks invoking quantum information and entanglement concepts that advance knowledge including description of scattering, bound state problems, and advanced gauge theories.

• Lead Principal Investigator: Marcela Carena
• Participating Institution #1: California Institute of Technology

– Co-Principal Investigator: John Preskill

• Participating Institution #2: University of Washington

– Co-Principal Investigators: David Kaplan and Martin Savage

• Senior/Key Personnel:
• James Amundson, Dan Carney, Walter Giele, Roni Harnik, Kiel Howe, Ciaran

Hughes, Joshua Isaacson, Andreas Kronfeld, Alexandru Macridin, Stefan Prestel, James Simone, Panagiotis Spentzouris

Quantum Information Science for Applied Quantum Field Theory

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• Four main themes

– Use HEP technology to advance quantum technology

• Superconducting RF, cold electronics, data acquisition, etc.

– Use quantum technology to build more sensitive detectors

• High-precision measurements, dark matter searches, axion searches, gravitational wave

detection, etc.

– Explore the possibilities of quantum networking – Explore applications of quantum computing to HEP topics

• Machine learning, optimization
• Simulation of quantum processes

Quantum Information Science is a rapidly developing field. The work described here is a snapshot of the initial Fermilab efforts to both advance and take advantage of advances in QIS.

Proposed Fermilab QIS Work Summary

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