Puducherry in Introduction to Smart Grid Key drivers to this shift - - PDF document

in Puducherry

1

Introduction to Smart Grid

K

d i hi hif i h d d h b f i

Key drivers to this shift is the need to reduce the carbon footprint ,

replace aging assets and utilize rapid advancement in information and communication technology

Thi

hif h l d h d l h i ll d id

This shift has lead to the development , what is called smart grid. It may be relevant to say that while ICT is already widely used in

transmission voltages but very little real time bi‐directional i ti i t b t d th tiliti i communication exists between consumers and the utilities in Distribution Circuits.

Smart grid as a concept is still not fully defined ‐ its various components

d t h l i d th h i f it i till and technologies and the comprehensiveness of its scope is still evolutionary.

2 Source : CIGRE -2012 Study Group C.6

Preview of the Smart Grid

Network Optimization Real‐time Simulation Wide Area Reliability Wide‐Area Reliability Network Optimization Customer Participation

Source: EPRI

Participation in Energy Markets

3

Definition of Smart-Grid

The term smart grid defines a self healing network equipped with dynamic optimization technique that use real time measurements to minimize network losses maintain voltage levels increase reliability and minimize network losses, maintain voltage levels, increase reliability and improve asset management. The operational data collected by the smart grid and its subsystems will allow system operators to rapidly identify the best strategy to secure against attacks, vulnerability and so on, caused by best strategy to secure against attacks, vulnerability and so on, caused by various contingencies.

4

Source : Fundamentals of Design & Analysis ( James Momoh ) IEEE

S t G id Att ib t Smart Grid : Attributes

Smart Generation

Renewable & Micro Grid

Smart Transmission

Integration of Renewable Energy sources Integration of Renewable Energy sources Synchrophasor Technology: Placement of PMUs, PDCs, Analytics

Smart Distribution Ad d i f (A )

Advanced Metering Infrastructure (AMI) Outage Management System (OMS) Peak Load Management (PLM) Power Quality Management (PQM) Electric Vehicles (EVs) Energy Storage

Energy Storage

5

Source : CIGRE Study Group-C6 Distribution Systems and Dispersed Generation

Drivers and Opportunities

The business of 21st century POWER SYSTEM is no longer the monopolistic and monolithic organization of yester years. There are specialized entities for Generation, transmission, distribution, operation and markets.

6

Source : Digital Architecture Framework for Power sector , A blueprint for Electric utilities in India ( Draft-BIS LITD-10Panel6)

Smart Grid Project to Come Up in Puducherry

PUDUCHERRY, MARCH. 2,2012: India's first smart grid project recommended by the Power Ministry's India Smart Grid Task force will come up on a pilot basis in the union territory, an official release said today. The project involves an investment of Rs 77 crore, of which Rs 25 crore would be borne by the Ministry and the balance will be borne by PGCIL & Partners, it said. A Memorandum of Understanding to introduce the innovative project here signed in g p j g the presence of the Chief Minister, Mr. N. Rangasamy, here today between the Department of Electricity and Power Grid Corporation of India Ltd (PGCIL). In Puducherry, the entire share of Rs 52 crore would be borne by PGCIL, a collaborator in the implementation of the project here. The Ministry proposed to set up such smart grid p p j y p p p g projects in twenty one cities across India and that Puducherry is the first to implement it

• n an experimental basis, the official statement said.

Source: The Hindu

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Smart City

Puducherry City Statistics Population: 9,46,600 Selection Criteria

Small area

p , , Literacy rate:96% Area:293 sq.KM

High Per Capita Energy

consumption

Modern Distribution Network

Energy Consumption Per Capita:1900units Consumers:2 38 182

Modern Distribution Network Renewable Energy Potential Less Population

Consumers:2,38,182 Distribution Transformers:1741

High Literacy rate & public

awareness

Losses can be maintained within

Feeders:70

Losses can be maintained within

limit

Model which can be scalable &

li bl

Source: Vision document of PGCIL

replicable

Service provided by Supreme

The whole project will be conducted by 7 different working groups And The whole project will be conducted by 7 different working groups. And supreme is involved in following working groups: Working Groups Working areas 1 AMI & PLM 1 AMI & PLM 2 OMS & PQM 3 RENEWABLE 3 RENEWABLE 5 SMART CITY 6 ARCHITECTURE DESIGN

9 Source: Vision document of PGCIL

Note: The details of all working groups and involved members are given in Vision document of PGCIL

Progress so far of Working Group 1 & 2 Progress so far of Working Group 1 & 2

Working Group -1

GIS based asset mapping completed & additional system

pp g p y strengthening identified

Architecture & design finalized Meter protocol identified for advocacy Meter protocol identified for advocacy Specification finalized with meter suppliers and shared with CEA Meter installation program finalized with PED

B Q fi li d

BoQ finalized

Working Group -2

SCADA system through collaborator Architecture & design finalized Addition equipment identified Modified R‐APDRP proposal under preparation

Modified R APDRP proposal under preparation

BoQ finalized

10 Source: Vision document of PGCIL

Implementation Strategy

Phase‐I

AMI,PLM,PQM

Phase II

RE Plant Integration of RE plant into

Phase‐II

RE Plant, Integration of RE plant into Grid, Micro Grid, Energy Storage (ES)& Electrical vehicles(EV)

Phase‐III

Smart City: Smart citizen services

Phase III

y

At present we are in phase-1and following activities have been completed in this phase: p p MoU signed with PED GIS survey of 11,22kV Feeders & DTs Feeder routing diagram Feeder routing diagram Land identified for smart control center Identified system strengthening requirements & OMS Consumers identified for AMI Total fund estimation 60 Cr.

Source: Vision document of PGCIL

Work Initialization

Supreme is going to participate in the smart city pilot project to be implemented in Puducherry under working group 1 & 2,sub group-6 along with Alstom Grid, HPL, SEL, Accenture, Alcatel Lucent, and AMI. This project consist 12 feeders in which p j survey of

2 feeders by M/s Sugan 3 f

d b M/ S

3 feeders by M/s Supreme 7 feeders by PGCIL

completed Supreme is providing technical assistant

12

completed . Supreme is providing technical assistant for AMI, PLM, OMS, and PQM in this project.

C f S Ci Components of Smart City

Advance Meter Infrastructure(AMI) Peak Load Management(PLM) Outage Management System(OMS)

Ou ge ge e Sys e (O S)

Power Quality Management(PQM) Renewable Generation Energy Storage Energy Storage Smart Water Management Smart Transport Smart Security Smart Building & Home e-Medical , e-Education , e-Governance

, ,

13 Source: Vision document of PGCIL

Different View at Smart City

14 Source: EPRI

GIS Mapping & Survey of distribution assets

15 Source: Supreme GIS services

11kV Existing GH Feeder Statistics

• Sl. No

Description Unit Qty 1 Length of 11kV line(UG) KM 2.252 2 Length of 11kV line(OH) KM 3 485 2 Length of 11kV line(OH) KM 3.485 3 Distribution Transformer No 16 4 Transformer Capacity kVA 9765 5 HT C t 2 5 HT Customer 2 6 HT Customer Capacitor kVA 550 7 11kV four poles No

• 8

11k d bl l

Source: PED & Supreme

8 11kV double poles 9 11kV single poles 10 Live wall Switches No

Interim Arrangement

To be implemented through Open Collaboration

Equipment R- APDRP SMART GRID

FPIs 7 7

To be implemented through Open Collaboration Temporary Control Center Room to be constructed

RMUs 7 7 TMU

• 16

FRTUs Yet to 7 decide Source: PGCIL

Outage Management System

Components: Components:

1.OMS Software 2.Communcation System 3 Fully functional Integrated maintenance utility vans 3.Fully functional Integrated maintenance utility vans 4.Transformer monitoring units 5.Sensors for Networks/Sensors for customer premises

Name of the Feeder

R- APDRP Smart Grid R- APDRP

Smart Grid R- APDRP Smart Grid

R- APDRP

Smart Grid

• No. of RMUs
• No. of FRTUs
• No. of FPIs
• No. of TMUs

11 kV GH 7 7 Yet to be 7 7 7 Not in R- 16 11 kV 6 6 6 6 6 15 be decided feeder Wise R APDRP 11 kV Kandan 6 6 6 6 6 15 22 kV Amravathi 4 7 11 18 Amravathi Total 13 13 17 20 24 49

Source: PGCIL & PED 18

OMS Requirement OMS Requirement

Source: PGCIL 19

Advanced Metering Infrastructure (AMI)

AMI refers to systems that measure, read and analyze energy consumption.

y y gy p Also able to read electricity, gas, heat, water meter remotely. The AMI always communicates two-way.

Operator

Source: CIGRE conference-2012

Peak Load Management

Components: f 1.PLM Software 2.Communication System 3.Remote Control switches

Load Forecasting S ft SCADA Scheduler MDAS Software Demand Supply Aggregation: Aggregation: Deficit/Surplus 10% of load

Demand Response signals sent Wait for 5 min for the response Communication to utility for dynamic pricing & incentive on electricity via Smart meter ,Web & SMS

reduction by demand response Balance 90% met th h D d Settable Relay to make & break the Distributing the load in Critical & non critical load through Demand Management over next 10 mins circuit non critical load circuits

Source: PGCIL 21

Power Quality Management Power Quality Management

Power quality distorted due to disturbance in voltage , phase angle & current at the time of switching ,fault condition and sudden load & current at the time of switching ,fault condition and sudden load variation. Ca ses of PQ distortion Causes of PQ distortion Variation in voltage magnitude & frequency Transient voltages and currents Harmonic in the waveforms for AC power Control Control Using filters FACTS Devices FACTS Devices

Source: Wikipedia

Distributed Energy Resources: gy

Technologies Photovoltaic Systems y Fuel cells Wind Energy Systems Small Modular Small Modular Biopower Energy Storage Systems Microturbines

• i

i i Reciprocating engines Benefits

DER are best used as hybrid off grid power supply source for remote y g p pp y locations One such specimen configuration of hybrid DER is one use satisfactorily Tenaga Malaysia. satisfactorily Tenaga Malaysia.

Source: CIGRE Conference-2012

BI‐ DIRECTI ONAL ONAL CONVER TER

Advantages

Able to provide 24hr supply p pp y Remote Monitoring Low cost option

Source: SOLAR HYBRID SYSTEM SYSTEMIN MALAYSIAIN MALAYSIA

Solar Power:

Supreme in collaboration with a Spanish

• rganization providing solution for Solar pump, Solar Power

Roof Top Solar Panel

• rganization providing solution for Solar pump, Solar Power

controller and roof top solar panel.

Roof Top Solar Panel

PV arrays are either integrated or mounted on to the their roofs. Arrays can retrofitted into existing buildings. We utilize both penetrating and non-penetrating roof-mount systems We utilize both penetrating and non-penetrating roof-mount systems .

Advantages Flexible to design No advance capital investment superior lease rates from roof space allocated to the project Fully managed utility systems Quick deployment with no need for expensive transmission and distribution systems Quick deployment with no need for expensive transmission and distribution systems

Controller

It monitors the incoming power from the solar panels It monitors the incoming power from the solar panels It directs and controls the flow of electricity into the batteries. When battery charging level is closer to the full charge, then to avoid overheating it slows down the charging process.

Energy Storage gy g

Requirements

Energy storage systems can enhance stability of power grids gy g y y p g with increasing share of intermittent renewable energies. Integration of energy storage systems into the Smart Grid can manage the real power variability of wind generation manage the real power variability of wind generation . Electric vehicles and plug-in hybrid electric vehicles can also be used for energy storage and ancillary services in smart grids.

Methods

Battery banks Battery charges Battery charges Fly wheels Fuel cells Pneumatic storage Pneumatic storage Ice based storage

Source: PGCIL & PED

Comparison between R-APDRP & Smart Grid

R-APDRP

• Metering of all types of consumers

Smart Grid

• Integrating renewable energy sources
• Enabling two-way flow of information and
• Feeder metering & bifurcation
• Distribution Transformer (DT) metering
• Reliability and Maintainability (R&M) of

power sub-stations Enabling two way flow of information and electricity

• Self-healing at more advance level
• Being environment-friendly

E bli di t ib t d t power sub stations

• Capacitor placement
• Service connection improvement
• IT enabling, including substation

t ti

• Enabling distributed energy storage
• Having efficient demand management
• Being secure
• Integrating Plug-in Hybrid Electric

automation

• Construction of new sub-stations

g g g y Vehicles (PHEV)

• Providing a platform for subsequent

graduation into a smart city

27

FACTS Devices in Smart Grid :

FCTS controller is an array of solid-state switches,

• ften coupled with capacitors. Typically, the solid state

switches open to tap power from the line and charge a it th th it h fi i t t capacitor; then the switches fire in sequence to create a synthetic AC waveform with precisely they needed phase difference between current & voltage That phase difference between current & voltage. That waveform is applied to the grid. Thus they automatically add or subtract reactive y y power to the system. By varying the phase differences between V & I.

28

WAM: It is a synchrophasor technology based real time wide area y p gy situational awareness Software for Capturing, visualization, diagnosis

• f system security of Power System Issues. This integration require

more effective balances between utility and supply .

Advantages Control actions for dynamic adjustment and reconfiguration

y pp y

Control actions for dynamic adjustment and reconfiguration Automatic healing using IEDs

ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS

• PED- Puducherry Electricity Department
• PGCIL-Power Grid Corporation of India Limited
• DER-Distributed Energy Resource
• SCADA-Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition

System

• OMS-Outage Management System
• PQM-Power Quality Management
• PLM-Peak Load Management
• DLCC-Dynamic Load Carrying Capacity

System

• DT-Distribution Transformer
• DSM-Demand Side Management
• DMS- Distribution Management System
• GUI-Graphical User Interface

IED I lli El i D i

• MDMS-Master Data Multifunctional System
• MDMS-Meter Data Management System
• DCU-Data Collector Unit
• TMU-Transformer Monitoring Unit
• OSI-Open Systems Interconnection
• IED-Intelligent Electronic Device
• AMR-Automated Meter Reading
• AMI-Advance Meter Infrastructure
• AGC-Automatic Generation Control
• FTU-Fault Tolerant Unit

OSI Open Systems Interconnection

• FPI -Fault Passage Indicators
• ULDC -Unified Load Dispatch and

Communication

• Restructured Accelerated
• R APDRP Restructured Accelerated Power
• FRTU -Feeder Remote Terminal Unit
• RTU-Remote Terminal Unit
• CIS-Customer Information and Billing Services
• WMS-Web Map Service
• EMS:Energy management system
• R-APDRP-Restructured Accelerated Power

Development and Reforms Programme

• OLE -Object Linking and Embedding
• OPC-OLE for process control
• WAM-Wide Area Monitoring
• EMS:Energy management system
• DMS-Document management system

30

Way Forward

To reduce AT&C losses, energy conversion, improve performance of

distribution system, reduce outages and improve customer satisfaction‐ development of smart grid essential . S i h i i i f i d i h

Smart meters with two‐way communication infrastructure integrated with

smart control centre is the key to smart grid.

Specification of smart meter , communication for information exchange to be

finalized finalized.

Towards sustainability, integration of Re sources with distribution system is

need of the hour. To address intermittency and variability of Re generation, balancing mechanism‐ suitable energy storage devices including EV are

• required. Research to be carried out in this direction.

EV charging infrastructure to be evolved in Indian context. Micro grid consists of multiple RE generation along with energy storage for

l l f d b l d rural electrification and remote areas to be explored

31

Source : CIGRE Study Group-C6 Distribution Systems and Dispersed Generation

Solutions from Supreme Group Solutions from Supreme Group Solutions from Supreme Group Solutions from Supreme Group

Utility Utility‐Level Level Solar PV Solar PV Sola Sola Monitoring & Monitoring & Control Control Intelligent, Intelligent, Energy Energy Efficient Efficient Lighting Lighting Asset Asset Mapping & Mapping & Indexing Indexing

Supreme Supreme

Lighting Lighting Solutions Solutions Indexing Indexing

p

Solutions Solutions

Smart Grid Smart Grid AMI AMI Solutions Solutions GIS GIS Solutions Solutions SmartGrid SmartGrid Asset Mgmt Asset Mgmt SCADA SCADA

Energy Audit Energy Audit & Reporting, & Reporting, Industrial Industrial

SCADA SCADA Solutions Solutions

Industrial Industrial Energy Mgmt Energy Mgmt

AcuSolar Smart PV Junction Box AcuSolar Smart PV Junction Box Solution Solution

SMART PV SYSTEM that

CAPTURES ELECTRICAL PARAMETERS

Solution Solution

CAPTURES ELECTRICAL PARAMETERS PROVIDES REMOTE ELECTRICAL DISCONNECT DETECTS STRANGE BEHAVIOR PROVIDES AN ANTI-THEFT FUNCTION REMOTE MONITORING & CONTROL FUNCTION PER PANEL PROVIDES MAXIMUM POWER POINT TRACKING, MPPT PER PANEL (OPTIONAL) USES LATEST PLCC TECHNOLOGY WITH NO ADDITIONAL WIRES SGT Confidential IS EASILY DISCONNECTED WITH A REMOVABLE JUNCTION BOX SYSTEM

AcuSolar Remote Monitoring System (RMS)

Our AcuSolar RMS Solution provides :

“Single‐View” Integrated PV Monitoring, Single View Integrated PV Monitoring,

Diagnostics & Control from Per‐Panel Level to Grid Level With customizable Hardware & Software to Maximize PV Plant Efficiency Maximize PV Plant Efficiency, Optimize site productivity, Minimize O &M costs and Minimize O &M costs and Reduce Solar Plant Performance Risk

C i l /R id ti l Grid-connected Large-scale PV Plants Commercial /Residential Rooftops

Scalable Scalable AcuSolar AcuSolar R S R S Scalable Scalable AcuSolar AcuSolar R S R S

Off S Solar Telecom/Hybrid System

RMS RMS RMS RMS

Off-grid Solar Pumps Solar Telecom/Hybrid System

SGT Confidential

AcuSolar Pump: Off AcuSolar Pump: Off-

• Grid Solar Pump System with

Grid Solar Pump System with Remote Monitoring +Control Remote Monitoring +Control

AcuSolar Pump Solution AcuSolar Pump Solution -

• Deliverables

Deliverables

We will provide the complete Solar Pump Solution:

Range from 2 HP‐10 HP AC or DC Pumps Solar Panels optimized to the pump requirement Solar Panels optimized to the pump requirement Solar Panel Installation & Connectivity If DG already exists, replacement of DG with Solar Panels for

L l E G ti Local Energy Generation

If Grid connected, disconnection of pump from Grid Solar Pump Controller to maximize solar Energy conversion

d d l and delivery to pump

DC‐to‐AC Inversion Device with variable frequency control to

maximize pump output for the available solar energy

Real‐time Remote Monitoring and Control of Pump on a

site/system level through Low‐Cost GPRS/SMS and scalable Web‐Model

SGT Confidential

Smart Grid Solutions : Smart Grid Solutions : Network Asset Condition Network Asset Condition M i i AMI M i i AMI Monitoring, AMI Monitoring, AMI

NETWORK ASSET CONDITION MONITORING NETWORK ASSET CONDITION MONITORING NETWORK ASSET CONDITION MONITORING NETWORK ASSET CONDITION MONITORING

8 8.4

Supreme GridTech Pvt. Ltd (A u

6.8 7.2 7.6 8 SF6 Pressure R (Bar) 5.6 6 6.4 6.8 SF6 Pressure Y (Bar) SF6 Pressure B (Bar) ( 4.4 4.8 5.2 Linear (SF6 Pressure R (Bar)) 4 11/1/2010 12/1/2010 1/1/2011 2/1/2011

NACM Benefits NACM Benefits

• Monitors field equipment parameters necessary
• to assess the availability of equipment to perform their functions.
• Advises users when to maintain their equipment based on
• Switching history, duty and number of operations etc.
• R d

th b bilit f f i

• Reduces the probability of performing unnecessary

dismantling of equipment

• Often occurs when maintenance practices are based solely on fixed time

intervals or when they are based on incomplete information of its history.

• Alerts to conditions that may compromise correct operation

y p p

• f equipment before a failure can occur.

NACM Benefits NACM Benefits

• Optimizes service and outage time by
• identifying parameters that have changed beyond
• identifying parameters that have changed beyond

established limits.

• Reduces costs associated with downtime and maintenance.
• Users maintain or repair only items that require it.
• Provides local and remote access to information of key

parameters

• related to equipment performance, reducing the need for

substation visits to check condition. substation visits to check condition.

• Saves in travel time and personnel expense.

Geo Spatial Modeling for asset data base management and sustainable planning (Smart city DSS)

Base map and satellite imagery: Collection of the base map and satellite imageries for the area

• f interest should be rectified through ortho and
• f interest should be rectified through ortho and

geometric rectification of the image, proper geo referencing of the image with the specific projection property (WGS84). Digitization of electrical network with electrical entities: Creation of separate object classes for each electrical entities and create a topology network for the electrical network mapping. Digitization of electrical entities and network

• n the base map with the specified projection

t i f th i t t t system is one of the important part. Physical map based modeling: A geo spatial data model of the project area will consist entire electrical network, entity, related information. Information of man

42

Information of man holes,trenches,footpaths,important landmarks like public buildings,religious place, petrol railway,roads,streets are also the important physical map elements

R f References

• R. P. Gupta, Sachchidanand, and S. C. Srivastava, “Automated Verses Conventional Distribution

System”, Proceedings of the Third International Conference on Power and Energy Systems y , g f f gy y EuroPES-2003, Spain, 2003.

• E. K. Chan, and H. Ebenhon, “The Implementation and Evolution of a SCADA System for a

Large Distribution Network”, IEEE Transactions on Power systems, Vol. 7, No. 1, 1992.

• R. P. Gupta, and S. C. Srivastava, “Technology Development and Implementation for Power

Distribution Automation”, Water and Energy International Journal.

• EPRI Research Plan for Advanced Distribution Automation IEEE Power Engineering Society

2005 General Meeting San Francisco, CA June 14, 2005.

• Skopp, Allen R., "Adding DA to SCADA", First International Symposium on Distribution

Automation and Demand Side Management, The Eureka Group, San Francisco, Jan 14-16, 1991.

• Dy-Liacco, Tomas E. “Modern Control Centers and Computer Networking,” IEEE CAP, October

1994, pp. 17-22.

• Best, Martin F., "Programmable Controllers Used in Substations Are Flexible, Low Cost And

Effi i t " T i i & Di t ib ti M h 1991 Efficient," Transmission & Distribution, March 1991.

• “Demand Management and Wireless Sensor Networks in the Smart Grid” by School of

Information Technology and Engineering, University of Ottawa Ontario, Canada

• CIGRE Study Group-C6 Distribution Systems and Dispersed Generation ( CIGRE Seminar on

20th July 12 at New Delhi) 20 July,12 at New Delhi)

• Digital Architecture Framework for Power sector , A blueprint for Electric utilities in India

( Draft‐BIS LITD‐10Panel6)

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THANK YO U THANK YO U THANK YO U THANK YO U

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