Basic Smart Grid Ingredients IIT Bombay (source: Gridwise Alliance) - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

IIT Bombay

Basic Smart Grid Ingredients

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(source: Gridwise Alliance)

IIT Bombay

Smart Grid Pyramid

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(source: BC Hydro)

IIT Bombay

IEEE Smart Grid Conceptual Framework

 The National Institute of Standards and Technology

(NIST) Smart Grid Conceptual model provides a high level framework that defines seven important Smart Grid domains:

 Bulk Generation  Transmission  Distribution  Customers  Operations  Markets  Service Providers

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IIT Bombay

Towards SmartGrid

2-way Connectivity with end consumer Customer service orientation Power quality Outlet Issues Loss reduction Theft control

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Standardization IT in distribution Demand Side Management Outage Management Distribution Franchises Multi agent Technology Asset management Issues Drivers

IIT Bombay

Smart Grid- Distribution as a Key

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Demand Response

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 Demand response (DR) is form of dynamic demand

mechanisms Providing electricity customers in both retail and wholesale electricity markets with a choice whereby they can respond to dynamic or time-based prices or other types of incentives by reducing and/or shifting usage, particularly during peak periods, such that these demand modifications can address issues such as pricing, reliability, emergency response, and infrastructure planning, operation, and deferral.

Definition by the United States Demand Response Coordinating Committee (DRCC)

In India- at transmission Level ABT based on frequency serves as DR Program

IIT Bombay

Smart Grid activities in India

 Union Power Minister Launched India Smart Grid Forum on

May 26, 2010

 India Smart Grid Forum (ISGF)

 A non-profit voluntary consortium of public and private stakeholders with the

prime objective of accelerating development of Smart Grid technologies in the Indian Power Sector

 Ten different working groups been constituted for Smart Grid study

 India Smart Grid Task Force (ISGTF)

 An inter ministerial group and will serve as Government’s focal point for

activities related to “Smart Grid”.

 Ten different working groups been constituted for Smart Grid study

 Many Utilities have started their individual activities at

different levels

 web-link: http://173.201.177.176/isgf/

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Customers:

 Expand access to electricity – “Power for All”  Improve reliability of supply to all customers – no power cuts, no more DG sets and

inverters!

 Improve quality of supply – no more voltage stabilizers!  User friendly and transparent interface with utilities

Utilities:

 Reduction of T&D losses in all utilities to 15% or below  Peak load management  Reduction in power purchase cost  Better asset management  Increased grid visibility  Self healing  Renewable integration

Government & Regulators:

 Satisfied customers  Financially sound utilities  Tariff neutral system upgrade and modernization  Reduction in emission intensity

Smart Grid for India –Stakeholder Expectations

Smart Grid Priorities for India

No more power cuts, Prosumer enablement Reduce T&D losses, improve quality of supply, revenue cycle

• ptimization

Manage peak power, demand response, EV proliferation Integrate renewables / distributed generation efficiently

IIT Bombay

National Smart Grid Mission

 Quality Power on Demand for All by 2027”

Smart Grid Vision for India Transform the Indian power sector into a secure, adaptive, sustainable and digitally enabled ecosystem by 2027 that provides reliable and quality energy for all with active participation of stakeholders. National Smart Grid Mission is a proposal made by ISGF to Ministry of Power (budget- INR 31416 Cr for 2012- 2017) http://173.201.177.176/isgf/Download_files/Roadmap.pdf

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National Smart Grid Mission

Objectives: In order to achieve this vision, stakeholders will undertake:

• Smart Customer:
• 1. Appropriate policies and programmes to provide access for

electricity for all with life line supply (to be defined) by 2015, electrification of 100% households by 2020 and 24x7 quality supply on demand to all citizens by 2027.

• 2. Smart meter roll out for all customers by 2020
• 3. Tariff mechanisms, new energy products, energy options and

programmes to encourage participation of customers in the energy markets that make them “prosumers”

• 4. Formulation of effective customer outreach and communication

programmes for active involvement of consumers in the smart grid implementation.

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National Smart Grid Mission

• Smart Utilities:

1. Enabling programmes and projects in distribution utilities to reduce AT&C losses to below 15% by 2017, below 12% by 2022, and below 10% by 2027; and in transmission utilities to reduce transmission losses to below 3% by 2017 and below 2% by 2022. 2. Development of reliable, secure and resilient grid supported by a strong communication infrastructure that enables greater visibility and control of efficient power flow between all sources of production and consumption by 2027. 3. Development of utility specific strategic roadmap for implementation of smart grid technologies across the utility by 2013. Required business process reengineering, change management and capacity building programmes to be initiated by 2014. 4. Integrated technology trials through a set of smart grid pilot projects by 2015; and rollout of smart grids in all urban areas (to be defined) by 2020 and nationwide by 2027. 5. Create an effective information exchange platform that can be shared by all market participants, including prosumers, in real time which will lead to

the development of energy markets.

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National Smart Grid Mission

• Smart Policies:
• 1. Formulation of policies and programmes by 2013, for

mandatory demand response (DR) infrastructure for all customers with load above 1 MW by 2013, above 500 kW by 2015, above 100 kW by 2017 and above 20 kW by 2022.

• 2. Policies for DR ready appliances and public infrastructure

including EV charging facilities by 2014.

• 3. Investment in research and development, training and

capacity building programmes for creation of adequate resource pools for developing and implementing smart grid technologies in India as well as export of smart grid know- how, products and services.

• 4. Development of appropriate standards for smart grid

development in India; and active involvement of Indian experts in international bodies engaged in smart grid standards development.

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Pilot Projects

 National smart grid mission  Smart grid pilot project implementation aspects  Pilot project at Bangalore, BESCOM  Conclusion

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Smart Grid Pilot Implementation

 Identify desired functionalities  AMI

 Install intelligent smart meters  Configure and Maintain the Metering System  Obtain Meter Reading Data  Manage Power Quality Data  Manage Interference to Metering System  Manage Tariff Settings on the Metering System  Theft detection & control  Home Display Unit  Enable and Disable the Metering System

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Smart Grid Pilot Implementation

 Smart Distribution

 Peak management  Outage management  AT & C loss  Load Research  Network Monitoring

• Self healing

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Smart Grid Pilot Implementation

 Demand Control

 Facilitate DSM measures  Facilitate Demand Response  Remote Connect / Disconnect

 Building / Home automation

 Interact with Appliances at the Premise  Facilitate Demand Response  Facilitate Energy Efficiency Measures

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Smart Grid Pilot Implementation

 Renewable Integration

 Roof T

• p Solar – Grid tied

 Solar PV farm – Grid tie

 PEV Bay – Demo

 Charging Stations  Grid Connectivity

 Two-way communication System for

 Smart Meters  Power apparatus  Distributed Resources  HAN

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Smart Grid Pilot Implementation

 Condition Based Maintenance  Mobile Workforce Management  Enterprise Application Integration

 Distribution Automation System  R-APDRP

 Business Intelligence

 Analytics  Decision Support  Key Performance Indicator/Metrics Calculation

 Energy Accounting / Audit

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Pilot Projects for Distribution Smart Grid

 14 Pilots with following Smart Grid functionalities sanctioned:  Automated Metering Infrastructure for residential and

industrial consumers

 Outage Management System  Peak Load Management System  Power Quality Management System  Micro Grid Integration  Distributed Generation Integration for Roof Top Solar

Panels

 Investment shall be around Rs 4 billion (US $ 80 million) with

50% funding from Govt. of India.

 These pilots will aim at integrating the consumer, operations and

asset management domains of Distribution Sector to bring in efficiency and enhance reliability.

 Build business cases, policy and regulatory recommendations IIT

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Pilot projects aim to demonstrate the following:



Reduction in T&D losses, Reduction in load shedding, Shifting of load to off peak hours, Savings in Peak Power cost, Reduction in Transformer failure, Reduction in number of outages, Enhanced Power Quality, Improved access of power through Renewables.

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Project KPI

 Total energy saving  Power quality improvement  Loss reduction  Outage duration  Penetration of renewables  Customer satisfaction  Peak load clipping

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Research Activities

 Data acquisition and management application  Remote monitoring & control applications for smart homes  State estimation  Load forecasting  Reconfiguration application  Fault detection isolation and restoration  Intelligent billing system  Automatic grid re-synchronization and islanding of solar

inverters during grid failure/re-start

 Power extraction control from solar PV during grid-connected

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Benefits from OMS solution

 Real time

Visual indication of changes in outage information

 Accurate outage predictions  Improved estimating of restoration times - improving customer service  Improved operational efficiency and reporting against Key Performance

Indicators (SAIDI, CAIDI, etc.)

 Ability to do root cause analysis, and automatically identify the customers

impacted

 Successful integration with AMI (Automated metering Infrastructure) to

provide more accurate and near real-time load profile projection and analysis of both technical and “non-technical” losses in the distribution network.

 Proactive Real-time monitoring of the distribution network to assess the

load and voltage condition to identify problem areas and recommend corrective actions.

 Capability to assess control equipment settings and feeder reconfiguration

to maintain operational delivery limits and improve voltage and loss condition

 Demand reduction using voltage control devices

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Benefits from AMI Solution

 Read Meters remotely and more frequently rather than once a month  Reliable Meter data  Tamper Detection and theft control  Access to historical data in presentable format  Web based access to meter data to authorised users of utility  AMI integration with Billing system  Near real time Smart meter Analytics and trending of data to enable data

analysis and profiling of consumers

 Enablement of Demand Side Management (Provision of remote connect /

disconnect )

 Remote Load Control  Possibility of partial outage rather than at feeder level (using remote connect

/ disconnect at individual / group of consumers)

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Smart Grid Analytics : Scope

 Analytics for Load Forecasting and Load Research  Analytics for Time of Use Modeling

 Managing the energy deficit by controlling the demand and

matching it to the available supply at the instant of peak is important.

 Configure the analytics engine to identify consumers with -

Similar load patterns to the Aggregate load curve Non-similar load pattern to Aggregate load curve.

 Analytics for Outage including workforce optimization

&Transformer/Cable failure and diagnostics

 Analytics for Energy Accounting and Loss Modeling  In-memory Analytics for visualization / Dashboard / MIS

/ Ad-hoc reports including integration with GIS

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Pilot at Indira-Nagar Bangalore

 Indiranagar is a medium

sized neighbourhood in east Bangalore.

 Electricity distribution is

done by BESCOM( Bangalore Electricity Supply Company ltd)

 Indiranagar is an electrical

division of BESCOM covered in east circle of Bangalore metropolitan area zone.

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Electricity Profile

 63058

No.

• f

consumers with an

• verall

consumption of 211.33 MU per annum.

 The peak demand of the area is 38.89 MW.  Annual billed Energy is 202.62 MU and AT&C losses

are estimated to 4.54%.

 15-20 cases of transformer faults take place annually,

which are typically attended & restoration is done by 24 hours.

 The

project area is having predominantly LT consumers (99.62%) with 62822 nos.

• f

LT consumers and 236 nos. of HT consumers.

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Objectives

 Propose Smart Grid technology for efficient,

accurate & effective online visualization of the distribution system to reduce involvement of human element in distribution system operation.

 Actuate empowerment of consumers to

participate in the energy management process.

 Enable high level of customer satisfaction and

increased awareness.

 Utilization of renewable resources towards

sustainability & green energy benefits.

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Areas of improvement

 Distribution system at Indiranagar has very low AT&C

losses of 4.56% and improvement under R-APDRP and

• ther schemes are being done to provide best in class

services to consumers. Consumer interaction of utility is also very innovative and effective. However there are some areas which can be improved using Smart Grid technologies:

 Online visualization of energy consumption in Indiranagar.  Continuous two way communication facility between utility

and consumers.

 Monitoring outage and quality of power in feeder level.  Installation of solar roof top PV systems.

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Implementation of Smart Grid

 Following smart grid initiatives are proposed in

Indiranagar for reliable, secure and economically viable smart grid.

 Advanced Metering System .  Peak Load Management.  Roof top solar PV Systems.

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Proposed Architecture of AMI

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Peak Load Management

 Peak Load management is one of the Smart grid initiative

through which utility can reduce the peak demand.

 By managing load at the peak timing utility can minimize its

Unscheduled interchange (UI) and higher purchasing cost of power at peak time.

 This management of peak demand would be done using

Smart meters, which have been proposed to be installed in consumer premises as part of advanced metering infrastructure.



Peak load management application shall be installed in conjunction with advanced metering infrastructure software which shall manage peak load by way of demand response & demand management through AMI. By effective peak load management, consumption of energy may be rescheduled.

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Peak Load Management

 During peak load conditions two way

communication facility available with smart meters are useful in :

 Sending alerts to consumers for reducing load.  Sending variable price signal (intra-day variable tariff) to

consumers to encourage them to use power at non- peak hours (lower price for power).

 Load curtailment shall reduce the power consumption

by users.

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Benefits Of PLM

 Reduce peak load and short term power purchase

cost. Requires regulatory provisions such as time of day (ToD) tariff.

 Defer the overloading of assets and reduce capacity

cost.

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Cost Benefit Analyses

• Cost Benefit of

implementation of Advanced Metering Infrastructure and Peak Load Management attributes of Smart grid are as per following table given .

• Payback period for

implementation of AMI& PLM at present value shall be 8.7 year.

• The benefits are so huge

that they cannot be expressed in financial terms.

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Rooftop Solar PV System

 Installation of rooftop solar

PV systems and integrating it with the distribution system is beneficial to consumer’s as well as utility.

 Net metering system is adopted.  Bangalore

has an average solar insolation

• f

5.26(kWh/m2/day) which is best suited for solar power generation.

 According to BESCOM they have proposed 5000

numbers of solar rooftop with generation of 1kWp

• each. Total of 5MWp is generated.

 Rooftop also promotes sustainability concept.

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Proposed roof top PV System

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Benefits to consumers

 Cheaper power over long run .  Reliability in supply as consumers shall have their

• wn generation facilities, which ensures power

availability to them even in case of distribution grid failure / shutdowns.

 Enable consumers to sale surplus power to utility .  Availability of cheaper electricity may be used to

charge the electric car / scooter, thus avoiding expenditure on petrol.

 Electricity consumption also includes the use of

microwave oven, which reduces the dependence on gas cylinder.

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Benefits to Utility

 5 MWp capacity established through these 5000

consumers would provide power generation support to BESCOM

 Reduction in losses as part of the load shall be

fed through generation resources locally

 Renewable Power Obligation (RPO) of 5 MW can

be made from proposed system.

 Alternatively BESCOM would have to pay @ Rs.

5.50 per unit of solar power generated and injected into grid, assuming that the consumer would continue to pay for his consumption charges to the utility as per the existing tariff / slab rates in vogue.

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Conclusions

 The MoP initiative for pilot project and National

smart grid mission are described

 The implementation aspects of various MOP

supported pilot projects are presented

 The salient features BESCOM pilot project at

Bangalore are covered.

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Important links….

 www.powermin.nic.in  www.cea.nic.in  www.cercind.gov.in  www.forumofregulators.in  www.nldc.in  www.nrldc.in  www.wrldc.com  www.srldc.org  www erldc org  www.psebindia.org  www.desismartgrid.com  www.smartgridinindia.com  www.erldc.org  www.nerldc.org  www.ndplonline.com  www.ibm.com/podcasts/howitworks/i

ndex.html

 www-

935.ibm.com/services/in/gbs/bus/html /bcs_energyutilities.html

 http://smartgrid.ieee.org/  http://www.oracle.com/ 62