XIS IST pr promoter meth thylatio ion status as as pu putativ ive mole olecular bi biomarker for or tes estic icula lar ger erm cel cell l tum tumors João oão Lob Lobo Sand ndra ra Nu Nunes, nes, Vera ra Gon Gonçal alves, es, Dani niel ela a Barro rros-Silva, a, Annet nette e va van der r Berg, rg, Ad Gi Gillis, Le Leend endert rt HJ Looi Looijen jenga ga, Carm rmen en Jeró róni nimo, Rui Henr enriqu que 10 th September 2019 No conflicts of interest
Early Resistance diagnosis (T)GCTs: challenges Prognosis Fertility preservation Response Targeted Epigenetics to therapy treatment BIOMARKERS Dev. Biology Lobo et al. Hum Pathol 2018
(T)GCTs are developmental cancers “Germ cell tumors are at the crossroads between developmental biology and cancer" Lobo et al. Int J Mol Sci 2019; Oosterhuis & Looijenga, Nat Rev Cancers 2019;
Development & (T)GCT biomarkers “ Developmental biology as a driver for uncovering novel disease biomarkers" Almstrup and Lobo et al. (submitted)
XIST = X-inactive specific transcript (lncRNA, Xq13.2) X-chromosome inactivation Lobo et al. (submitted)
XIST = X-inactive specific transcript (lncRNA, Xq13.2) X-chromosome inactivation NOT EXPRESSED EXPRESSED EXPRESSED METHYLATED DEMETHYLATED DEMETHYLATED Lobo et al. (submitted)
Looijenga et al. Am J Pathol 1997 Rationale XIST expression in TGCTs XIST and TGCTs (++Seminomas) XIST promoter (++region IV) consistently demethylated in TGCTs , (++Seminomas) No demethylated fragments in somatic male cancers Kawakami et al. Lancet 2004
XIST and spermatogenesis JOHNSEN’S SCORE Laborious Subjective
XIST and spermatogenesis Rationale XIST is expressed (=demethylated) in the testis (spermatogenesis) around the time of entering meiosis This process of XIST activation in spermatogenesis is regulated by METHYLATION Richler et al. Nat Genet 1992
250 TGCTs (tumor 54 testicular 4 (T)GCT cell lines components) parenchyma (JS) Aims and Methodology To explore the role of (de)methylated XIST promoter as a Samples Bisulfite candidate biomarker (2005- treatment 2017) (Zymo kit) For TGCTs DNA qMSP extraction (ABI 7500 For spermatogenesis status (Norgen RT PCR kit/PC8) System) Same primer set reported by Kawakami et al
XIST methylated fragment – TGCTs XIST promoter (de)methylation
XIST demethylated fragment – TGCTs XIST promoter (de)methylation
XIST demethylated fragment – TGCTs XIST promoter (de)methylation
XIST demethylated fragment – Cell lines XIST promoter (de)methylation High Resolution Melting (HRM) analyses
XIST demethylated fragment - spermatogenesis XIST promoter (de)methylation
XIST demethylated fragment - spermatogenesis XIST promoter (de)methylation Context Sensitivity (%) Specificity (%) JS≥4 vs JS<4 75.7 100
Conclusions and ongoing work Liquid biopsies To explore the role of (de)methylated XIST promoter as a candidate biomarker Detection of TGCTs in liquid biopsies (serum/plasma) For TGCTs Upfront assessment of male patients’ fertility For spermatogenesis status (semen samples)
Ethics approval: CES IPO 1/2018 Doctoral Grant: SFRH/BD/132751/2017 Project Funding: POCI-01-0145-FEDER-29043 IPO Porto The Netherlands Department of Pathology Urology Clinic Ângelo Rodrigues Jorge Oliveira PMC Utrecht (Group Looijenga) Paula Lopes Joaquina Maurício Ad Gillis Mariana Cantante Isaac Braga Annette van den Berg Rita Guimarães Rachita Lahri Department of Epidemiology Dennis Timmerman Luís Antunes Cancer Biology & Epigenetics Group Vera Gonçalves Erasmus MC Rotterdam & LEPO Supervising team: Daniela Barros Silva Wolter Oosterhuis Rui Henrique Sandra Nunes Lambert Dorssers Carmen Jerónimo Hans Stoop Leendert Looijenga Willem Boellaard
Thank you for your attention!
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