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Progress in using prompt gammas for ion range monitoring during hadrontherapy J. Krimmer 1 , M. Chevallier 1 , J. Constanzo 1 , M. Dahoumane 1 , D. Dauvergne 1 , M. De Rydt 1 , 2 , G. Dedes 1 , N. Freud 3 , J.M. Ltang 3 , M. Pinto 1 , C. Ray 1 ,

slide-1
SLIDE 1

Progress in using prompt gammas for ion range monitoring during hadrontherapy

  • J. Krimmer1, M. Chevallier1, J. Constanzo1,
  • M. Dahoumane1, D. Dauvergne1, M. De Rydt1,2, G. Dedes1,
  • N. Freud3, J.M. Létang3, M. Pinto1, C. Ray1, V. Reithinger1,

M.H. Richard1,3, F . Roellinghof1,3,4, E. Testa1, A.H. Walenta1

1IPNL, 2K.U. Leuven, 3CREATIS, 4IBA

ICTR-PHE 2012 Geneva, Switzerland

  • J. Krimmer (IPNL)

Progress in using prompt gammas for ion range monitoring during hadrontherapy ICTR-PHE 2012

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SLIDE 2

Dose Monitoring during Hadrontherapy

measurement of β+ activity (200 MeV/u 12C on a PMMA phantom)

Target depth [cm]

0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3

counts/ion/mm

0.005 0.01 0.015 0.02 0.025 0.03

γ n p α nuclear reactions

C, PMMA target, GEANT4.9.4

12

95MeV/u

goal

◮ 3D reconstruction of applied dose (online)

techniques

◮ β+ activity ⇒ PET ◮ emitted radiation (p,γ) for ion range monitoring

◮ proton IVI ⇒ talk E. Testa Wed. 15:45 (Nr. 241) ◮ prompt γ ⇒ this talk

  • J. Krimmer (IPNL)

Progress in using prompt gammas for ion range monitoring during hadrontherapy ICTR-PHE 2012

slide-3
SLIDE 3

Prompt Gamma Measurements

◮ collimated camera

◮ single and multislit

◮ slit camera

◮ see poster by J. Smeets

(Nr. 89)

◮ Compton camera

◮ "electronic collimation"

  • J. Krimmer (IPNL)

Progress in using prompt gammas for ion range monitoring during hadrontherapy ICTR-PHE 2012

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SLIDE 4

Common Device: Hodoscope

hardware

◮ array of scintillating fibres

(1 mm x 1 mm)

◮ 2 prototypes: 2x32

and 2x128 fibres

◮ multianode PM or MCP-PMT ◮ time resolution ≤ 1 ns ◮ goal: count rates up to 108 1/s

electronics

◮ development of ASIC

  • S. Deng DOI 10.1109/ICECS.2010.5724447

◮ first version tested at CAL Nice ◮ new version with DLL ⇒ timing see poster M. De Rydt (Nr.136)

  • J. Krimmer (IPNL)

Progress in using prompt gammas for ion range monitoring during hadrontherapy ICTR-PHE 2012

slide-5
SLIDE 5

Collimated Camera

95MeV 12C, PMMA target

counts / ion

2e-07 4e-07 6e-07 8e-07 1e-06 1.2e-06 1.4e-06

depth in target [mm]

  • 10

10 20 30 40 50 data QMD improved QMD default

◮ measurements at carbon beams (homogeneous targets):

◮ E. Testa et al. Appl. Phys. Lett. 93 (2008) 093506 ◮ E. Testa et al. NIM B 297 (2009) 993 ◮ M. Testa et al. Radiat. Environ. Biophys. 49 (2010) 337

◮ improvements in simulations (GEANT4):

◮ G. Dedes poster (Nr.148)

  • J. Krimmer (IPNL)

Progress in using prompt gammas for ion range monitoring during hadrontherapy ICTR-PHE 2012

slide-6
SLIDE 6

Target Dependence (GANIL)

PMMA (1.2 g/cm3)

C

12

  • J. Krimmer (IPNL)

Progress in using prompt gammas for ion range monitoring during hadrontherapy ICTR-PHE 2012

slide-7
SLIDE 7

Target Dependence (GANIL)

PMMA (1.2 g/cm3)

C

12

PMMA+teflon(2.3 g/cm3)

C

12

  • J. Krimmer (IPNL)

Progress in using prompt gammas for ion range monitoring during hadrontherapy ICTR-PHE 2012

slide-8
SLIDE 8

Target Dependence (GANIL)

PMMA (1.2 g/cm3)

C

12

PMMA+teflon(2.3 g/cm3)

C

12

PMMA+lung(0.2 g/cm3)

C

12

  • J. Krimmer (IPNL)

Progress in using prompt gammas for ion range monitoring during hadrontherapy ICTR-PHE 2012

slide-9
SLIDE 9

First Measurement at the Proton Beam

setup

LaBr3 proton beam PMMA target LYSO tungsten collimator

◮ proton beam 160 MeV

at WPE (Essen)

◮ 2 LYSO detectors

3 x 40 x 50 mm3

◮ 1 LaBr3 detector

ø25.4 mm x 50.1 mm

◮ W collimator (100 mm)

results of a scan

◮ TOF selection:

background reduction

◮ see talk of F

. Roellinghoff

  • Wed. 15:00, (Nr. 235)
  • J. Krimmer (IPNL)

Progress in using prompt gammas for ion range monitoring during hadrontherapy ICTR-PHE 2012

slide-10
SLIDE 10

Multi-Slit Collimators

parallel collimator

◮ GANIL, 13C 73 MeV/u on PMMA

Longitudinal position (mm)

  • 10
  • 5

5 10 15 20 25 Count per incident ion 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3

  • 6

10 ×

With TOF selection Without TOF selection

convergent collimator

  • J. Krimmer (IPNL)

Progress in using prompt gammas for ion range monitoring during hadrontherapy ICTR-PHE 2012

slide-11
SLIDE 11

Compton Camera

◮ intersection: line/cone

  • J. Krimmer (IPNL)

Progress in using prompt gammas for ion range monitoring during hadrontherapy ICTR-PHE 2012

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SLIDE 12

Compton Camera: Simulations

◮ scatterer: 10 silicon strip detectors (SSD) 80 x 80 x 2 mm3 ◮ absorber: LYSO detector 300 x 300 x 25 mm3 ◮ photons: point source ◮ simulation: hit in SSD + hit in absorber ◮ resolution: 8 mm FWHM ◮ efficiency: 3·10−4 F . Roellinghoff et al. NIM A 648 (2011) S20-S23 M.H. Richard et al. proceedings IEEE NSS-MIC (2011), Valencia

  • J. Krimmer (IPNL)

Progress in using prompt gammas for ion range monitoring during hadrontherapy ICTR-PHE 2012

slide-13
SLIDE 13

Compton Camera: Hardware

E [keV] 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 cts/s

  • 2

10

= 121.8 keV

γ

= 40keV and E

γ

152Eu E

◮ Double-sided Silicon Strip Detectors ◮ test detectors (12 x 12 x 2mm3) ◮ 8 strips on each side ◮ energy resolution ∆E=10 keV

goal: ∆E< 2 keV ⇒ cooling needed

◮ delivery of final DSSD detectors (90 x 90 x 2mm3),

2x64 strips, expected 2012

  • J. Krimmer (IPNL)

Progress in using prompt gammas for ion range monitoring during hadrontherapy ICTR-PHE 2012

slide-14
SLIDE 14

Test Measurements: HIT (Heidelberg) carbon

3

LaBr det. beam target

  • scint. beam

I.C.

  • scint. CC

silicon det. 140 173

E [keV] 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 6000 7000 cts/s

  • 2

10

  • 1

10 1 10 LaBr3 C 310 MeV/u

12

beam background difference cut on scint. beam

◮ single rates

◮ silicon detector: 2.5 · 10−4 cts/ion (scaler, thres. 350 keV) ◮ absorber: 4.5 · 10−3 cts/ion (scaler, thresh 180 keV)

◮ coincidence rates

◮ all events: 2.6 · 10−5 cts/ion (scaler) ◮ uncharged: 2.9 · 10−6 cts/ion (software cuts)

◮ extrapolation to prototype dimensions

◮ silicon det.: 1.4 · 10−2 cts/ion single ◮ absorber: 6.6 · 10−2 cts/ion single

  • J. Krimmer (IPNL)

Progress in using prompt gammas for ion range monitoring during hadrontherapy ICTR-PHE 2012

slide-15
SLIDE 15

Test Measurements: HIT (Heidelberg) protons

3

LaBr det. beam target

  • scint. beam

I.C.

  • scint. CC

silicon det. 140 173

E [keV] 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 6000 7000 cts/s

  • 2

10

  • 1

10 1 LaBr3 beam p 160 MeV background difference

◮ single rates

◮ silicon detector: 8.9 · 10−6 cts/ion (scaler, thres. 350 keV) ◮ absorber: 4.3 · 10−4 cts/ion (scaler, thresh 180 keV)

◮ coincidence rates

◮ all events: 1.7 · 10−7 cts/ion (scaler) ◮ uncharged: 9.2 · 10−8 cts/ion (software cuts)

◮ extrapolation to prototype dimensions

◮ silicon det.: 5 · 10−4 cts/ion single ◮ absorber: 6.3 · 10−3 cts/ion single

◮ for protontherapy conditions (1010 p/s)

absorber needs to be segmented

  • J. Krimmer (IPNL)

Progress in using prompt gammas for ion range monitoring during hadrontherapy ICTR-PHE 2012

slide-16
SLIDE 16

Summary and Outlook

◮ Collimated Camera

◮ prompt γ profiles for p and carbon beams ◮ TOF selection necessary ◮ improvements in simulations ◮ convergent multi-slit collimator

◮ Compton Camera

◮ simulation and test measurements ◮ count rates ◮ cooling for SSD ◮ absorber

  • J. Krimmer (IPNL)

Progress in using prompt gammas for ion range monitoring during hadrontherapy ICTR-PHE 2012