Production of rice in Thailand Mr. Pan Pankhao Plant Varieties - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Production of rice in Thailand Mr. Pan Pankhao Plant Varieties - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Jun 13, 2023 336 likes •513 views

Situation on Breeding and Production of rice in Thailand Mr. Pan Pankhao Plant Varieties Protection Office Department of Agriculture September 30, 2014 Hanoi, Vietnam Introduction: Current status rice sector Land Used Fallow Residents

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Situation on Breeding and Production of rice in Thailand

  • Mr. Pan Pankhao

Plant Varieties Protection Office Department of Agriculture

September 30, 2014 Hanoi, Vietnam

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Introduction: Current status rice sector

Land Used

Rice Field crops Fruit & Trees Vegetables & Flora Forage crops Residents Fallow Others

Aerable Land 20.8 mha

Source: Presentation by Suniyom Taprab Rice Department, MOAC 6-7 May, 2014 Kuala Lumpur

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6,039 6,227 14,544 16,708 28,378 67,740 20,000 40,000 60,000 80,000 Rice Rubber Cassava Feeding corn Sugar cane Oil palm Baht / year 0.1 0.3 0.4 0.5 1.6 3.7 1 2 3 4 Oil palm Sugar cane Feeding corn Cassava Rubber Rice million households

Poverty line

29,064 Baht/year

Number of farmers growing each cash crops Farmers’ annual income (Baht)

Source: Presentation by Suniyom Taprab Rice Department, MOAC 6-7 May, 2014 Kuala Lumpur

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Cash crops Value (million Baht) Ratio to GDP (%) Labor employment (million person) Rubber 294,672 2.6 4.5 (11%) Rice 644,875 5.7 10.7(27%) Cassava 79,891 0.7 1.5 (4%) Sugar cane 109,753 1.0 0.8 (2%) Oil palm 13,742 0.1 0.4 (1%) Total 1,142,934 10.1 ~ 45%

Value of cash crops, ratio to GDP and labor employment in 2013

Source: Presentation by Suniyom Taprab Rice Department, MOAC 6-7 May, 2014 Kuala Lumpur

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Rice consumption

Source: Presentation by Suniyom Taprab Rice Department, MOAC 6-7 May, 2014 Kuala Lumpur

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Rice Situation 2013

Number of rice farmer 16,243,000 / 3.7 million households Total crop area (, 000 ha) 20,900 Total rice area (,000 ha) 10,400 Average rice yield (t/ha) 3.13 Rice production (million tons) -paddy 38.8 Rice Import (tons) 1,500 Rice Export (million tons) 6.97

Source: Presentation by Suniyom Taprab Rice Department, MOAC 6-7 May, 2014 Kuala Lumpur

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Rice Breeding in Thailand

 Rice Department  University  Private sector  Farmers

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Rice Varieties in Thailand

 New plant varieties  Registered variety  Varieties of common knowledge

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CROPING SEASONS :  Wet Season (Major rice) July ~ November  Dry Season (Second rice) January ~ May Photoperiod sensitive varieties Photoperiod insensitive varieties

Source: Presentation by Suniyom Taprab Rice Department, MOAC 6-7 May, 2014 Kuala Lumpur

Rice Production in Thailand

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Rice Production 2012-2014

Total production

2012 2013 2014*

Planting area (m ha)

13.29 12.97 12.88

Harvesting area (m ha)

12.28 12.37 12.38

Total production (m tons)

39.44 38.77 38.83

Yield (t/ha)

3.21 3.13 3.14

* estimation from data of Jan-Mar 2014

Source: Presentation by Suniyom Taprab Rice Department, MOAC 6-7 May, 2014 Kuala Lumpur

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Rice Production 2012-2014

Major Rice production 2012 2013 2014* Planting area (m ha) 10.39 10.40 10.34 Harvesting area (m ha) 9.40 9.82 9.94 Total production (m tons) 27.2 28.0 28.6 Yield (t/ha) 2.62 2.69 2.76

* estimation from data of Jan-Mar 2014

Source: Presentation by Suniyom Taprab Rice Department, MOAC 6-7 May, 2014 Kuala Lumpur

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Rice Production 2012-2014

Second Rice production 2012 2013 2014* Planting area (m ha) 2.90 2.57 2.54 Harvesting area (m ha) 2.88 2.55 2.44 Total production (m tons) 12.24 10.77 10.23 Yield (t/ha) 4.23 4.18 4.03

* estimation from data of Jan-Mar 2014

Source: Presentation by Suniyom Taprab Rice Department, MOAC 6-7 May, 2014 Kuala Lumpur

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Problems

  • 1. >70% of rice area is in rain-fed condition, low fertile soil,

inland salinity

  • 2. Continuous rice growing causes outbreak of disease

and insect pest, moist paddy, low grain quality

  • 3. Low production efficiency -> low yield
  • 4. High production cost
  • 5. Insufficient good quality seeds
  • 6. Value adding is not prevalent
  • 7. Farmer organizations are not united, aged farmers
  • 8. Inadequate researcher

Source: Presentation by Suniyom Taprab Rice Department, MOAC 6-7 May, 2014 Kuala Lumpur

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Rice Research Scheme of Rice Department 2011-2015

  • 1. Increase yield potential and productivity
  • 2. Stabilize yield and productivity
  • 3. Develop production technology harmonized with climate change
  • 4. Develop and continual research for commercialization
  • 5. Utilize advance technology for research
  • 6. Capacity building for food security in specific areas
  • 7. Enhance capability potential of farmers and farmer organizations

Source: Presentation by Suniyom Taprab Rice Department, MOAC 6-7 May, 2014 Kuala Lumpur

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I would like to express my appreciate thanks to  TDRI (Thailand Development Research Institute)  DFT (Department of Foreign Trade), Ministry of Commerce  OAE (Office of Agricultural Economics), MOAC  DOA (Department of Agriculture), MOAC  Mr.Suniyom Taprab and Rice Department, MOAC for very useful information and slides