POP atmospheric input to the Baltic Sea Alexey Gusev MSC-E - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

HELCOM PRESSURE Group Meeting 3/2015 Availability of information for evaluation of POP atmospheric input to the Baltic Sea Alexey Gusev MSC-E Meteorological Synthesizing Centre East of EMEP МСЦ-В

PRESSURE-3/2015 Availability of data on POPs listed in the Contract between HELCOM and EMEP List of POPs discussed at HELCOM MONAS15, LOAD4 and LOAD7: PAHs, PCBs, PBDEs, HBCDD, PFOS  Current status of POP pollution assessment within LRTAP Convention: Data on PCDD/Fs, PAHs and PCBs are regularly reported  by EMEP (emissions, monitoring, and modelling) PBDEs, HBCDD, and PFOS are under consideration for  the inclusion to the Protocol on POPs

PRESSURE-3/2015 POP emission data for modelling Official reporting of POP emission data: PCDD/Fs, PAHs, PCBs > 40 countries Includes: gridded data, source categories, national totals Time period: 1990 – current reporting year (2013) 4 PAHs emission for 2013 Expert estimates of POP emissions:  TNO inventory for Europe: PAHs, PCBs, PCDD/Fs, PBDE , …  Global inventory of PCBs (1930-2100) (K. Breivik et al., 2007)  UNEP SC global inventory of PCDD/F emission  Estimates of emission in literature: HBCDD, PFOS

PRESSURE-3/2015 PBDE emission data for modelling TNO inventory of POP emission in Europe for 2000, 2010, 2020 LT FI DK LV 1% SE 2% 2% 1% EE 4% 0.6% PL 15% RU 42% DE 32% PBDE emission for 2000 PBDE emission of HELCOM countries (contributions in %)

PRESSURE-3/2015 Monitoring of POP pollution levels EMEP measurements (EBAS): PAHs 34 sites (1994-2013) PCBs 14 sites (1993-2013) PBDE 8 sites (2006-2014) HBCDD 1 site, SE14 (2013-2014) PFOS 5 sites (2006-2014) EMEP network for POPs Additional POP measurement data: AirBase (EEA) GMP DataWareHouse (UNEP SC) National campaigns, projects, … PCB monitoring sites (GMP DWH)

PRESSURE-3/2015 Model assessment of PAH pollution Modeling results on 4 indicator PAHs Measurement/modelling (B[a]P, B[b]F, B[k]F, IP) for 2013 agreement 10 1 3 Modelled, ng/m 0.1 B[a]P IP 0.01 B[k]F B[b]F 0.001 0.001 0.01 0.1 1 10 Observed, ng/m 3 Agreement within a factor of 2 at most monitoring sites

PRESSURE-3/2015 Modelling results on HBCDD and PBDE Evaluation of HBCDD and PBDE (BDE-47) long-range transport potential (TD) and overall persistence HBCDD BDE-47 TD B[a]P HCB 0 2000 4000 6000 8000 Modelled HBCDD air concentrations Transport distance TD 0.001 , km for evaluation of Transport distance

PRESSURE-3/2015 Modelling results on HBCDD and PBDE PBDE (BDE-47) HBCDD 70% 70% Content Content 60% 60% Degradation Degradation 50% 50% 40% 40% 30% 30% 20% 20% 10% 10% 0% 0% Air Soil Sea Vegetation Air Soil Sea Vegetation Distribution in environmental compartments and degradation (in %)

PRESSURE-3/2015 Concluding remarks • EMEP POP model is capable to reasonably well describe long-range transport and fate of POPs in case when there exist appropriate emission data and measurement data to verify modelling results • Evaluation of PCDD/F, PAH and PCB pollution is included in the routine activities of EMEP (compilation of emissions, monitoring, and model assessment) • PBDEs, HBCDD, and PFOS are currently under consideration for the inclusion to the CLRTAP Protocol on POPs • For PBDE pilot evaluation of pollution levels for the Baltic Sea region can be performed on one-year basis using TNO emission inventory • The work on HBCDD and PFOS requires further cooperation with national experts with regard to preparation of emission data and refinement of physical-chemical properties for PFOS