Atmospheric input of Cadmium, Mercury, Benzo(a)pyrene, and PCB-153 - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Ninth Meeting of the Working Group on Reduction of Pressures from the Baltic Sea Catchment Area (PRESSURE 9-2018)

Alexey Gusev (MSC-E)

Atmospheric input of Cadmium, Mercury, Benzo(a)pyrene, and PCB-153 to the Baltic Sea in period 1990-2016

Riga, Latvia, 10-12 October 2018

Changes of emissions from HELCOM countries

PRESSURE 9-2018

• Emissions of HELCOM countries decreased from 1990 to 2016:

by 37% for Cd, by 45% for Hg, by 38% for B(a)P, and by 78% for PCB-153

• Emissions of Cd, Hg, and B(a)P increased from 2015 to 2016 by 0.5-1.5%, while

PCB-153 emissions decreased by 0.5%

1990-2016 2015-2016

20 40 60 80 100 120 90 92 94 96 98 00 02 04 06 08 10 12 14 16

Changes, % Cd Hg BaP PCB-153

• 1,0
• 0,5

0,0 0,5 1,0 1,5 2,0

Cd Hg BaP PCB-153 Changes, %

Increase of emissions

PRESSURE 9-2018

Emissions of HELCOM countries in 2016

Cadmium Mercury PCB-153 B(a)P

DE 34 % PL 24 % RU 18 % SE 10 % FI 8 % DK 4 % EE 1 % LT 1 % LV 0 % RU 49 % PL 24 % DE 17 % SE 2 % LV 2 % FI 2 % LT 2 % DK 1 % EE 1 %

Emissions of HELCOM countries in 2016

PRESSURE 9-2018

• Largest contributions to total emissions of HELCOM countries are made

by Russia, Poland and Germany

RU 67 % PL 14 % DE 14 % FI 1 % EE 1 % DK 1 % LV 1 % SE 1 % LT 0 % RU 44 % PL 26 % DE 25 % EE 2 % FI 1 % SE 1 % DK 1 % LT 0 % LV 0 %

Cd Hg B(a)P PCB-153

Changes of deposition to the Baltic Sea

PRESSURE 9-2018

• Deposition to the Baltic Sea decreased from 1990 to 2016:

by 61% for Cd, by 34% for Hg, by 67% for B(a)P, and by 61% for PCB-153

• Largest decrease of deposition from 2015 to 2016 is estimated for Cd (~ 8%),

while for Hg, B(a)P, and PCB-153 it is ~ 1 - 1.5%

1990-2016

20 40 60 80 100 120 90 92 94 96 98 00 02 04 06 08 10 12 14 16

Changes, % Cd Hg BaP PCB-153

• 9
• 8
• 7
• 6
• 5
• 4
• 3
• 2
• 1

Cd Hg BaP PCB-153 Changes, %

2015-2016

PRESSURE 9-2018

Deposition to the Baltic Sea in 2016

Cadmium Mercury

• Cd – the largest in the Bothnian Bay, the lowest in the Bothnian Sea

71% 52%

• Hg – the largest in the Sound, the lowest in the Bothnian Bay

61% 14%

Decrease of deposition:

PRESSURE 9-2018

Deposition to the Baltic Sea in 2016

B(a)P PCB-153

• B(a)P – the largest in the Western Baltic, the lowest in the Gulf of Finland

74% 38%

• PCB-153 – the largest in the Western Baltic, the lowest in the Bothnian Bay

61% 35%

Decrease of deposition:

PRESSURE 9-2018

Deposition to the Baltic Sea in 2016

Cadmium Mercury PCB-153 B(a)P

PRESSURE 9-2018

Deposition to the Baltic Sea in 2016

0,1 0,2 0,3 0,4 0,5

PL RU DE SE FI DK LV UA EE CZ

Deposition, t / y

• Largest contributions to total deposition on the Baltic Sea were made by

Russia, Poland and Germany

0,1 0,2 0,3 0,4 0,5

PL DE RU DK FI EE LV SE BE GB

Deposition, t / y

Cadmium B(a)P

0,05 0,1 0,15

PL DE EE DK UA FI RU SE GB CZ

Deposition, t / y

Mercury

1 2 3 4 5

SE FI DK PL DE FR ES RU GB BY

Deposition, kg / y

PCB-153

PRESSURE 9-2018

Concluding remarks

• Emissions of HELCOM countries decreased from 1990 to 2016 by ~40% for Cd,

Hg, and B(a)P, while for PCB-153 by ~80%

• Emissions of Cd, Hg, and B(a)P tend to increase during recent several years
• Largest contributions to total emissions of HELCOM countries are made by

Russia, Poland and Germany

• Deposition to the Baltic Sea decreased from 1990 to 2016 by ~30% for Hg, by

~60% for Cd and B(a)P, and by ~80% for PCB-153

• The most significant deposition to the Baltic Sea were made by sources of

Russia, Poland and Germany

• Relevant activities: country specific case studies for Cd and B(a)P pollution in

Poland , and HM pollution in Germany