Planning for Disaster Debris and Animal Mass Mortality Event Management Jeff Phillips, Director of Business Development 515.256.8814
Planning for Disaster Debris “Disasters are come-as-you-are battles. Having a plan will make you more prepared when the battle comes.”
Planning for Disaster Debris • Landfill/SW Agency perspective/focus • How can the landfill help the recovery • Landfills are a critical utility/service to the recovery process • Why should landfills/SW Agency’s be at the emergency planning table
Flood Debris Cedar Rapids, Iowa (2008)
Hail Damage
Ice Storm Springfield, MO 2007
Tornado Joplin, MO 2011
Current Disaster Declaration in Missouri • 28 Counties received disaster declaration on May 24 th • 1,200 Homes impacted • $86 million is estimated damages/emergency response
Planning for Disaster Debris Communication: • Missouri Department of Public Safety – State Emergency Management Agency • http://sema.dps.mo.gov • 9 Regional coordinators
Communication: • Emergency services • Utility services • Internal operations and management • Public relations/Media • Customers • Regulators (local, regional, state, federal) • Contractors • Regional council of governments • Get to the planning table. Be a part of policy development. • Plan and then train to the plan! Because…
…and then it will go to the landfill for disposal.
… Oh really?
Planning for Disaster Debris • Landfill/SW Agency Planning • Resources • Communications
Planning for Disaster Debris Types of possible disaster debris: • C&D • Hazardous • Infectious • Organic (vegetative) • Food waste • Appliances • Furniture • Bulky • Vehicles and vessels What disaster response plans are already in place and are you part of that plan?
Planning for Disaster Debris Landfill Resources • Airspace • Cover Material • Heavy Equipment • Operators • Scales • Fuel
Planning for Disaster Debris Landfill Resources • Airspace (Variability in risk exposure) • Did you recently open a new cell? • Are you nearing filling completion of an existing cell? • Do you have old areas that could be re- opened in an emergency? • Do you have disposal agreements with other landfills in the event your landfill is unable to provide service? • Cover Material • Do you rely on daily cover material that is generated by a local industry, or produced/supplied (i.e., spray on material)?
Planning for Disaster Debris Landfill Resources • Heavy Equipment • What is the condition of your equipment? • Who can provide emergency maintenance on the equipment? • Do you have options to rent/borrow additional equipment? Anything in writing? • Does your equipment acquisition align with disaster declaration reimbursement requirements? • Operators • What does you labor/union contract stipulate? • Do you have options to hire temporary labor? • Does your labor acquisition align with disaster declaration reimbursement requirements?
Landfill Resources • Scales • One way in and out scales? • Ability to acquire portable scales? • Automation capabilities? • Tracking software align with disaster declaration reimbursement requirements? • Fuel • Operational day storage?
Planning for Disaster Debris Communications • Disposal is not free • All items cannot be accepted • Hours of operations • Expect long lines/delays • Required documentation/cooperation with recovery officials
Planning for Disaster Debris Communications • Don’t rely on cellphones • Identify chain of command and responsibilities • Have means to identify personnel • Do you need to control access to the landfill?
Debris Management Plan for Landfill • Previous events and response activities • Disaster and debris classification • Command structures and responsibilities • Task Force Assignments • Landfill readiness assessment and resumption of operations • Alternative management site coordination • Debris management communication to communities/customers • Task Force Readiness Assessment (can I still provide service?) • Task force activation triggers and levels
Planning for Disaster Debris Post Event – Landfill Infrastructure Assessment • Landfill services operational status • Prioritize assessment and restore efforts to service needs (ice storm – grinders; pad space, loaders, etc.) • Restricted access areas (i.e., received materials part of criminal investigation)
Case Study Cedar Rapids 2008 • Just opened a new landfill cell – next expansion was 18 months out • Closed landfill at ground zero • Curtain burn, grind/transfer, diversion/recycling, landfill • 478,000 tons of debris over 5 month period • Still received flood related waste 6 years after the event • Monday-Sunday 7AM-7PM • Mandatory overtime (operators, phone coverage, management, etc.)
Case Study Cedar Rapids 2008 • 5,300 tons/day • Typical year is <1,000 tons/day • Communicate and coordinate material separation • Identification of staging areas
Case Study Cedar Rapids 2008 • 16,000 appliances recovered in two months • Lawnmowers sold for $5 (Habitat for Humanity) • Propane tank storage/recycling • 160,000 cans of paint • 880 plastic drums
Case Study Cedar Rapids 2008 • Obtain equipment rental contracts ahead of the disaster • Heavy equipment • Portable lights/generators • Understand labor contract/union contract hiring practices • Pre identified/communicated staging areas (negotiated private property leases) • Backup/Additional disposal agreements
Case Study Creston Iowa 2012 • Pressures of/at a Transfer Station are different than at a Landfill • Alternative disposal location (closer to transfer station) • Don’t just rely on cell phones • Contracts for transfer trailers, tractors, and drivers • Disposal is NOT FREE
Animal Mass Mortality Event Management • Avian Influenza • Chronic Wasting Disease (CWD) • Bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE) • Swine flu • … and much more
Be at the table for emergency response planning because… • Designate one landfill to accept animal mass mortality waste and divert all Animal Mass other customers Mortality Event • Prevent site workers that live on a farm Management with livestock from returning to that farm for two weeks • Vaccinate and then depopulate animals at the landfill
Animal Mass Mortality Event Management Livestock and Poultry Industry in Missouri • $2.25 billion/year (8% of total state budget) • $300 million lost/year due to livestock diseases Missouri production: 4 million (2 nd in nation) • Cattle 19 million (2 nd in nation) • Turkeys 3 million (7 th in nation) • Hogs 250 million (10 th in nation) • Broilers 2 million (14 th in nation) • Eggs
Animal Mass Mortality Event Management • Recent and Current Activity: • 39,000 turkeys depopulated in Jasper County, MO (April 2016) • March 5, 2017 HPAI confirmed in Tennessee (73,500 chickens)
DISEASED CARCASSES But remember... • 252 million chickens So 20,000 is only 0.008% of Missouri’s stock
DISEASED CARCASSES
Animal Mass Mortality Event Iowa Avian Influenza (High Path AI): • Iowa Ranked #1: • Chicken layers (59.5 million – 16% national stocks) • Pullets • Egg production • Iowa Ranked #8 • Turkeys (11 million)
211 Commercial Premises • MN 109 (108 composting, 1 burial) • IA 71 (composting, burial, landfill, incineration) • SD 10 (burial) • WI 9 (composting) • NE 5 (composting) • CA 2 (composting) • MO 2 (composting) • ND 2 (composting) • AR 1 (burial)
Iowa Avian Influenza (High Path AI): • Layers • 25 million egg layers euthanized • 42% of Iowa’s stock • 22 laying facilities • Turkeys • 1 million turkeys euthanized • 10% of Iowa’s stock • 35 farm sites
Composting
On-Site Burial
On-Site Burial
Incineration Incineration: • Tarmac Thermal Unit (Cherokee) • Never been used for carcass disposal before • Propane fired (600-800 F) • Peak = 225,000 birds/day ~ 32 roll-off containers Air Curtain: • 14,000 birds/day (2 roll- offs/day)
Landfill – DOT haul routes – Biosecurity at farms and landfills – Special waste authorization criteria (SWAC) – Long roundtrips
Animal Mass Mortality Event Special Waste Acceptance Criteria (SWAC) • At the Farm • Driver remain in vehicle • Container plastic lined. Bio-Zip Sealable liner inside lined container • Each load 50% manure and 50% chickens • 1 Foot of headspace in bag • Spray disinfectant over bag. • Tarp load • Loaded container must remain on-site for three or more days • Clean vehicle and container of organic material then spray with disinfectant. • Contact landfill to arrange arrival time. • Travel DOT approved route.
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