Planning enforcement What does it mean to do what we do? Scott - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Planning enforcement – What does it mean to do what we do?

Scott Britnell - MSc 2nd year student “Urban Planning”

Running order

• Background
• The origins of planning
• Justice(s) in planning
• Arcadia
• Case study 1 : I can see clearly now...
• Case study 2: Yes, in my back yard!
• What is it you think you are doing when you

are doing it?

• Conclusions

Background

• Planning as a means of wealth creation
• Emergence of neo-liberalism
• Revanchism
• The role of people in planning
• Skeffington Report 1969
• The utopian vision of the 1947 Act
• Why we do what we do on a human level
• Planning as part of the human condition

The human condition...

The Human Condition – Rene Magritte (1933)

Activity and influence

The origins of planning

Hippodamus (Greek – 5th Century BC)

• Architect
• City Planner
• Hippodamium Plan (Grid of right angles)
• Public and private space allocated
• Ordered
• Uniformed
• Disciplined
• Chang’an City – Tang Dynasty 7th century AD
• Regional Planning 200 BC
• Strategic
• Centrally controlled
• Growth of cities break strict grid rules
• Economically flourishing

Ancient China

The industrial revolution

The industrial revolution

• Rapid urban growth
• Mass migration from rural areas

to expanding cities

• Little sanitation
• Squalor
• High mortality rates
• Poor working conditions
• Child Labour
• Poor living conditions
• Labour Movement
• Welfare Reforms

The origin of species a better way

• Not always a battle of the fittest
• Founded in the basic human instinct to protect and nurture
• To create a better life
• Evolved to seek better places - utopia
• The freedoms and enjoyment of the individual
• Building communities
• Protecting what is instinctively important
• Ensuring equality
• Delivering justice

The planning laws...

• Town Planning Act 1909
• Housing Act 1919
• Housing Act 1930
• Town and Country Planning Act 1932
• Restriction of Ribbon Development Act 1935
• The Town and Country Planning Act 1947
• 1990: The Town and Country Planning Act 1990
• 1991: The Planning and Compensation Act 1991
• The Planning and Compulsory Purchase Act 2004
• The Planning Act 2008
• Localism Act 2011

Compiled from Planning Help (2015)

Justice(s) in planning

• Social justice
• Environmental justice
• Economic justice
• Cultural Justice

Just/Unjust places

UPGRD (2015)

Arcadia

Jaywick, Essex (Wrekin’ Blog 2015)

We need to do something...

• Small holdings used to build holiday homes
• Rural /coastal areas
• No planned infrastructure
• Often old railway coaches, shed s and chalets
• Became upgraded overtime
• Holiday homes became retirement homes
• Developments became permanent suburban settlements
• Some are now gone
• Others remain – occupants have fought against the system

Colin Ward (2015)

Case study 1 – Sandbanks Tree

• 40ft protected Scots Pine tree

felled

• Unlawful under the cover of

night

• Created uninterrupted views of

Poole Harbour and Corfe Castle

• Added 000’s to the price of the

neighbouring property

• Fine of £75,000
• Proceeds of Crime £50,000
• Fine to make sure there was no

chance the transgressor would ever profit from his actions

Above: Owner with the remaining tree stump (The Telegraph (2012)

Question 1: - How should breaches of planning control be punished?

Case study 2 – Mr Churchill’s Shed Winston Churchill’s secret war room

• Needs to be moved for access

to garage

• No views from the public realm
• No-one visits it
• No-one will know its gone
• Looks like a normal shed
• No special architectural features
• Listed due to social importance
• The LPA will not permit its

removal

• Individual’s rights -v- wider

society

The issues

Question 2: - Who decides what is important and how?

Question 3 – What is it you think you are doing when you are doing it?

Conclusions

These are yours not mine

A final vision...

“I had a dream, which was not all a dream. The bright sun was extinguish'd, and the stars Did wander darkling in the eternal space, Rayless, and pathless, and the icy earth Swung blind and blackening in the moonless air; Morn came and went--and came, and brought no day, And men forgot their passions in the dread Of this their desolation; and all hearts Were chill'd into a selfish prayer for light”

Darkness , Lord Byron (1816) Lines 1 – 9

References

Boundless.com (2015) Hippodamus, [online], Available from https://www.boundless.com/art-history/textbooks/boundless-art-history-textbook/ancient- greece-6/the-high-classical-period-66/urban-planning-344-10749/ (accessed 23 April 2015) Lord Byron (1816) Darkness, [online], Available from http://mural.uv.es/perova/byron.html (accessed 27 April 2015) Daily Echo (2012) Axed tree costs man record £125,000, [online], Available from http://www.bournemouthecho.co.uk/news/10068984.Axed_tree_costs_man_record___125 _000/?ref=arc (accessed 26 April 2015) Lahanas, Michael (2015) Plan of Miletus, [online], Available from www.mlahanas.de/Greeks/CityPlan.htm (accessed 23 April 2015) Magritte, Rene (1933) The Human Condition, [online], Available from http://www.renemagritte.org/the-human-condition.jsp#prettyPhoto (accessed 27 April 2015)

The Neat (2015) Picture of Death at the Pump, [online], Available from https://industrialrevolution.wordpress.com/2009/11/12/housing/ (Accessed 24 April 2015) Planning Help (2015) History of Planning Dates, [online], Available from http://planninghelp.cpre.org.uk/planning-explained/history-of-the-planning-system (accessed 26 April 2015) Rrojasdatabank (2015) Urban Planning and Management in China p 70 - 71 , [online], Available from http://www.rrojasdatabank.info/citieschina1011-6.pdf (accessed 22 April 2015) The Telegraph (2012) Sandbanks Tree Photograph, [online], Available from http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/uknews/7849469/Tree-blocking-view-felled-during-the- night.html (accessed 26 April 2015) Thoughts from West 5 (2015) Lowry Painting, [online] Available from http://tfw5.com/2013/06/26/lowry-at-the-tate-britain/ (accessed 24 April 2015) UPGRD (2015) The Hillsborough Memorial, [online], Available from http://upgrd.com/regionalfirst/exploring-liverpool.html (accessed 28 April l2015) Ward, Colin (2015) The hidden history of housing, [online], Available from http://www.historyandpolicy.org/policy-papers/papers/the-hidden-history-of-housing (accessed 27 April 2015)