Part I Security Challenges in Automotive Hardware/Software - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Feb 05, 2024 255 likes •499 views

Part I Security Challenges in Automotive Hardware/Software Architecture Design Martin Lukasiewycz TUM CREATE Singapore Outline Motivation (current E/E architectures) Trends (Integrated Architectures / Connected Car) Challenges Overview

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Part I Security Challenges in Automotive Hardware/Software Architecture Design Martin Lukasiewycz TUM CREATE Singapore

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Outline Motivation (current E/E architectures) Trends (Integrated Architectures / Connected Car) Challenges Overview Example CAN Bus Challenges Electric Vehicles

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Recent Automotive Security Issues

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Increasing Complexity in Automotive Electronics

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1 3 13 90 100 175 240 5 50 100 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 Memory [MB] ECUs

Sources: Paul Milbredt, AUDI AG, EFTA 2010 - Switched FlexRay: Increasing the Effective Bandwidth and Safety of FlexRay Networks BMW Group, FTF 2010 Orlando - Energy Saving Strategies in Future Automotive E/E Architectures

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Audi A8 - 1994

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Source: Selbststudienprogramm - Audi A8 Audi ABS/EDS/ASR (Bosch)

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Audi A8 - 2010

Source: Selbststudienprogramm - Audi A8 ’10 Bordnetz und Vernetzung

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Automotive Industry OEMs BMW, Volkswagen, General Motors, Toyota, Daimler Tier r 1 Bosch, Continental, Delphi, Denso Tie ier r 2 Infineon, NXP , Freescale, Renesas

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Trend 1: From Federated to Integrated Architectures

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Costs: Scalability, Flexibility, Extensibility

Domain Architecture Concept from BMW Source: Ethernet for Automotive Applications. Robert

Bruckmeier. Freescale Technology Forum, Orlando. June 23,

2010. State-of-the-art E/E Architecture Source: Selbststudienprogramm - Audi A8 ’10 Bordnetz und Vernetzung

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In-vehicle network today / Access points

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Trend 2: Connected Car

Audi AG – Audi Connect

4G CAR2X

Apple Inc.

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Top Ten Most-Destructive Computer Viruses

1) ) Stuxne net (2009 09-2010 2010) 2) ) Conficker icker Virus s (2009) 9) 3) ) agen gent.b t.btz (2008) 8) 4) Z ) Zeus s (2007) 7) 5) ) Poiso sonIvy nIvy (2005) 6) ) MyDoo

om (2004

04) 7) ) Fizze zer r (2003 03) 8) ) Slamme mmer r (2003) 9) ) Code Red (2001) 10) ) Love Letter/I ter/I LOVE YOU (2000) 00)

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Source: http://www.smithsonianmag.com/science-nature/Top-Ten-Most-Destructive- Computer-Viruses.html

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Automotive Design Objectives Security issues in vehicles can lead to fatal consequences.

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Costs Safety Security

Vs.

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Challenges: Security issues in automobile

Malicious software

www.computer-automation.de

Counterfeits

shoeobsession.wordpress.com

Unauthorized products Wireless connectivity Unprotected sensors

VDO westseattleblog.com

Accessible buses/ECUs

www.bhptuning.de

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More than two billion CAN nodes have been sold since the protocol's development in the early 1980s.

Source: D. Wrampler Security Threats and Countermeasures for Intra-vehicle Networks

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Source: http://www.ixxat.com/can-controller-area-network- introduction_en.html

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CAN bus operation

ECU 0 ECU 1 ECU 2

time

ECU 0 ECU 1 ECU 2

priority delay

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CAN vs Secure communication

Message encryption: Message authentication:

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CAN vs Secure communication

CAN FlexRay Ethernet confidentiality feasible feasible Available (IPSEC) integrity

( only 8byte)

feasible Available (IPSEC) availability

(Event-Triggered)

Available (Time- Tiggered protocol + Bus guardian) Feasible (PTP + switches: bus guardian possible )

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Security challenges - Electric Vehicles

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Battery Charging plug

Nissan Drive-by-wire

Drive-by-wire

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Drive-by-Wire

Energy-efficient recuperation Enabler of new drive-train architectures

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Source: Gunter Freitag, Eine zukunftsfähige E/E-Architektur für PKW

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Vehicle-to-grid / Charging plug

ISO/IEC 15118:

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Battery Management

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www.mpoweruk.com

Monitors:

voltage temperature current

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Cell Operation

Battery Safety

Source: http://www.digikey.com/us/en/techzone/energy- harvesting/resources/articles/battery-fuel-gauges.html

Battery cells have to be operated in a safe range

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Thank you for your attention. Questions?

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