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Overview of detector development at ESRF Ongoing activities and strategy for future instruments Pablo Fajardo, Jean Susini Outline Present: Ongoing activities Overview of inhouse capabilities and achievements Beamline specific


  1. Overview of detector development at ESRF Ongoing activities and strategy for future instruments Pablo Fajardo, Jean Susini

  2. Outline Present: Ongoing activities • Overview of in�house capabilities and achievements • Beamline specific development projects • Collaboration activities Future: Detector Development Programme • Preparatory work • Overall picture • Key technologies • New long�term advanced detector projects �

  3. Contributions from ESRF staff Many ISDD members ���� ������� �������%���������� �������������� ������������� � ��������"������� ���� ������������� ��������!���� $�������������� ������������������� ���"���������� $����������� ���������������� ���#���������� ������������� ����������� ���������������� ���"����&����� ���������������������� $����������%����� ������'������ ���������� !�������� ������������ �����(���)���������� �������� ������ ������������ * +�����������,,�� [ - .//01���2�(��$ ] 3���������� ��� [ - ./4/ ] and even more from EXPD Beamline scientists and BLOMs from all the ESRF beamlines �

  4. X"ray Detectors at the ESRF • A diversity of off�the�shelf and customised instruments • ESRF driven developments: �������� • Strongly application oriented (user facility) ���������� • But as generic as possible • In�house developments • technology and know"how : Optics, mechanics, electronics, software ����������� X�ray detector testing and characterisation • Focus on detector integration projects �

  5. MAXIPIX: high frame rate hybrid pixel detector 55 x 55 (m 2 pixel size • • 5�20 keV energy range (5007m Si sensor) > 10 5 counts/pixel/s • • 1400 frames per second ��������� ���������� ������������� ��������� ��������� ���������� 11 systems in operation @ ESRF ����������������� � + PETRAIII and Diamond � �������������������� � ���� + requests from: � ������������ NSLS, Soleil, LNLS, … � ��������������������������������� �

  6. FReLoN camera CCD camera optimised for synchrotron experiments � Combines high speed and sensitivity � Emphasis on linearity and stability � Beamline integration (data acquisition, operating modes) CCD chip Readout freq. Frame rate Noise Dynamic Range (no binning) (Mpixels/s) (frames/sec) (e� rms) 18800 4 20 (4 x 5) 14.2 bits 14 TH7899 13800 8 40 (4 x 10) 13.8 bits 19 (ATMEL/e2v) 80 (4 x 20) 9090 13.1 bits 15 26 13200 2 10 (4 x 2,5) 13.7 bits 12 CCD230"42 (e2v) 8200 4 20 (4 x 5.0) 13.0 bits 21 10 (4 x 2.5) 37800 15.2 bits 2 14 KAF4320 27500 3 20 (4 x 5.0) 14.7 bits 19 (KODAK) 16600 6 40 (4 x 10) 14.0 bits 27 > 20 systems in operation @ ESRF beamlines �

  7. Optics for indirect detection BM05 Folded Folded, 1.9x 4x/0.16 ID19 3 motorized objectives ID15 Reflective 4 eyepieces 10x/0.4 ID15 Folded, 1x Polychromatic ID06 In"line, 20x/0.5 ID18F, In"line, 10x/0.4 ~35 custom optical systems installed at ESRF beamlines �

  8. Very high spatial resolution scintillators � Epitaxial single crystal films (SCF) � Key components for high resolution imaging Epitaxial layer e.g. Gd 3 Ga 5 O 12 Spatial resolution (MTF) Transparent substrate Objective with NA=0.55 1.2 1um 5um 25um 1 0.8 SCF + substrate MTF 0.6 thickness < 25 � � � m � 0.4 Commercial scintillators 0.2 � Free�standing > 25 � � � � m 0 0 500 1000 1500 2000 � Fragile Cycles (LP/mm) �

  9. Facility for in"house production of SCF scintillators Liquid Phase Epitaxy (LPE) Continuous Improvement of thin crystal film scintillators : • YAG:Ce (Y 3 Al 5 O 12 ) • LAG:Eu,Tb (Lu 3 Al 5 O 12 ) • LuGG:Eu (Lu 3 Ga 5 O 12 ) • GGG:Eu , GGG:Tb (Gd 3 Ga 5 O 12 ) • LSO:Tb (Lu 2 SiO 5 ) 16 � m thick GGG:Eu on 500 � m undoped GGG, 1” diameter. �

  10. Ongoing beamline specific developments The current detector development effort focuses on upgraded beamlines: Beamline Detector developments � New imaging optics UPBL4 / NINA Nano�imaging & Nano�analysis � Very high dynamic range combo cSAXS detector UPBL6 � Custom MAXIPIX pixel detectors (Si and CdTe) Inelastic X�ray scattering UPBL9a � High sensitivity USAXS FReLoN detector Time resolved SAXS & USAXS � Ge microstrip XH detector (STFC) UPBL11 / TEXAS � New optics for EDXAS FReLoN Energy Dispersive XAS � FReLoN camera Hamamatsu Palaeontology project � Field fiber optics coupling tomography camera In addition to specific developments, the UPBLs will be equipped with a number of commercial state�of�the art detectors (e.g. Rayonix, PILATUS, energy dispersive, …) ��

  11. Optics developments for UPBLs Semitransparent cameras (UPBL4 / 3+3� ) Custom design eyepieces (3.1x and 4x) Vitreous carbon mirror Larger formats: • 4k×4k pixels X"ray imaging optics ( UPBL4 / 3+3� ) Custom made lenses • Wider input field (100 mm) for EDXAS ( UPBL11 / �$5�! ) Optical/lens coupling to FReLoN camera • Wider input field for tomography ( Palaeontology project ) Fibre optics ‘flexible ‘ coupling to a CCD camera 678�&������1�+3(39 ��

  12. New CCD/FReLoN cameras for UPBLs Fast linear CCD camera for EDXAS ( UPBL11 / �$5�! ) FReLoN camera based on the CCD ����������!444:;-./<= 2048 pixels (14×1000 7m) 5000 frames/sec @ 14bit High sensitivity/resolution USAXS detector ( UPBL9a ) Backilluminated CCD e2v 230�84 4096×4096 pixels (157m×157m) Direct fiber optics (faceplate) coupling ��

  13. UPBL specific pixel detectors (MAXIPIX) Edgeless MAXIPIX for large solid"angle spectrometer ( UPBL6 / +������������������� ) • Operating in backscattering geometry • Initially Si sensors (to be upgraded to CdTe) ����������� ������ Very high dynamic range combo detector for coherent SAXS ( UPBL4 / 3+3� ) A combination of: A photon counting pixel detector + An integrating imaging detector (CMOS) ��

  14. UPBL developments : Time resolved 1D detector Ge microstrip detector for time resolved EDXAS ( UPBL11 / �$5�! ) Upgrade of existing detector developed by STFC (UK) Ge monolithic sensor 1024 strips, 50 7m pitch Built at LBNL (Berkeley) New readout chip (XCHIP3) Improved ASIC Developed at RAL (STFC) Time resolved experiments: XH detector head with heat shield removed (STFC and LBNL, courtesy J. Headspith) 150 ns gating time 1.6 7s readout time Irreversible and stroboscopic experiments ��

  15. Ongoing collaborations * ����������������������� ������������������������ * * * ���� * Initiated and/or coordinated by the ESRF ��

  16. Pan"European Consortium for Detector Development 2011&… Goals: � Set a common ground for collaboration and promote synergy for new R&D programmes � Create the necessary critical mass to steer developments in industry and to influence EU programme definition Consortium official kick�off in January 2012, but some activities initiated in 2011 First initiatives: ESRF development proposal: X"ray beam position monitors – BPM A custom 16 Mpixel CCD to build • Survey + topical workshop � a soft X"ray area detector Ongoing activities Common goals and interests � a hard X�ray imaging camera • 2 working groups: Based on FReLoN electronics: White beam monitors (HZB) Low technological risk Diamond based BPMs (ESRF) Short development time (~3 years) ��

  17. 2009 – 2011 HIZPAD collaboration (ELISA JRA) ��������������������� CdTe 22keV High"Z (CdTe) semiconductor sensors for pixel detectors SR facilities ESRF, DESY, DLS, ELETTRA, SLS, SOLEIL + CNRS, RAL, U. Freiburg, U. Surrey, DECTRIS Resolution measurements Diffraction of Yb 2 O 3 nanopowder @ 50 and 90 keV (ID15) @ 50keV (ID11) ��

  18. PSI"ESRF EIGER Collaboration 2010 & 2014 Goals: • Speed up the development of EIGER at PSI (next generation of counting pixel detector at PSI) • Early availability of modules at the ESRF beamlines • Deep in�house knowledge of the detector at ESRF • Improved beamline integration � First module at ESRF expected in 2012 (�����������,������,����$+>$�������� ��

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