Ove verview rview Shekhar Mishra Project-X, International - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Fermilab rmilab Pro roject ject-X X Ove verview rview

Shekhar Mishra

Project-X,

International Collaboration Coordinator Fermilab

Out utline line

• Fermilab Complex
• Fermilab Strategic Plan

– Energy Frontier – Cosmic Frontier – Intensity Frontier

• Project-X

– Some Design Details – R&D and Project Status

• Project-X Collaboration

– India Collaboration

• Summary

Fer ermi milab lab an and d th the Wo e World d Progr gram am

The Fermilab Tevatron has now passed on the energy frontier to LHC, following 25 years as the highest energy particle collider in the world. Fermilab operates the highest power long baseline neutrino beam in the world. But will face stiff competition from J-PARC

Fe Ferm rmilab ilab Str trat ategic egic Pla lan

• The U.S. strategy for elementary particle physics over the

coming decades has been developed by the DOE’s High Energy Physics Advisory Panel (HEPAP).

– Fermilab is fully aligned with this strategy.

• The Fermilab strategy is to

mount a world-leading program at the intensity frontier, while using this program as a bridge to an energy frontier facility beyond LHC in the longer term.

• Broaden the physics program

to include Nuclear Physics and Energy

Gap aps s an and Rol

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es: Ene nerg rgy y Fr Fron

• ntier

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• Next two decades:

– Dominated by LHC. – Upgrades to LHC machine and detectors

• Biggest gap:

– What follows the LHC? Depends on results and at what energy results occur

• Fermilab strategy:

– Physics exploitation and upgrades of LHC. – R&D on future machines:

• ILC if physics at ―low‖ energy;
• Muon Collider if physics at high energy;
• New high field magnets for extension of LHC or future proton

colliders at ultra-LHC energies

Fermilab Roles: Energy Frontier

Tevatron LHC LHC LHC ILC, CLIC or Muon Collider Now 2016 LHC Upgrades ILC?? 2013 2019

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13

Green curve: same rates as 09

2022

Gap aps s an and ro role les: s: Cos

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mic Fr Fron

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• The principal connection to particle physics:

– The nature of dark matter and dark energy

• Gap in the direct search for dark matter:

– Get to ―zero—background‖ technology.

• Gap in understanding dark energy

– Establishment of time evolution of the acceleration:

• New major telescopes (ground and space)
• Fermilab strategy:

– Establish scalable ―zero-background‖ technology for dark matter. – Participate in future ground and space telescopes (the principal agencies are NSF and NASA, not DOE)

Fermilab Roles: Cosmic Frontier

Now 2016 2013 2019 DM: ~10 kg DE: SDSS

• P. Auger

DM: ~100 kg DE: DES

• P. Auger

Holometer? DM: ~1 ton DE: LSST WFIRST?? BigBOSS?? DE: LSST WFIRST?? 2022

Ga Gaps ps and nd Rol

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s: Int ntensi ensity ty Fr Fron

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• Two principal approaches:

– Proton super-beams to study neutrinos and rare decays – Quark factories: in e+e- and LHCb

• Principal gap is

– The understanding of neutrino – The observation of rare decays coupled to new physics processes

• Fermilab strategy:

– Develop the most powerful set of facilities in the world for the study of neutrinos and rare processes, way beyond the present state of the art. – Complementary to LHC.

Fermilab Roles: Intensity Frontier

MINOS MiniBooNE MINERvA SeaQuest NOvA MicroBooNE g-2? SeaQuest Now 2016 LBNE Mu2e Project X+LBNE m, K, nuclear, … n Factory ?? 2013 2019 2022

Fermilab Present Collaborative Efforts

• International

Collaborations for our programs

• Collaboration among DOE laboratories
• Project X, ILC/SRF, Muon collider, neutrino factory, LHC Accelerator,

many particle experiments, …

27 countries 16 countries 23 countries

325 & 650 MHZ 1300 MHz

PX: X: Refere ference nce Design ign Con

• nfigurati

iguration

• n
• 3-GeV, 1-mA, CW linac, 325 and 650 MHz, provides beam for

rare processes, nuclear and energy programs

– ~3 MW; flexible provision for beam requirements supporting multiple users – < 5% of beam is sent to the Main Injector

• Reference Design for 3-8 GeV acceleration: pulsed linac

– Linac would be 1300 MHz with <5% duty cycle

Pro roject ject X: X: Cen entr tral al to to th the e str trateg ategy

• CW Linac a unique facility for rare decays:

– A continuous wave (CW), very high power, superconducting 3 GeV linac.

• Unique in the world

– Greatly enhances the capability for rare decays of kaons, muons

• CW linac is also the ideal machine for other uses:

– Standard Model tests with nuclei (ISOL targets), – Possible energy and transmutation applications, – Cold neutrons

• Coupled to an 8 GeV pulsed LINAC and to the Recycler and

Main Injector

– the most intense beams of neutrinos at high energy (LBNE) and low energy (for the successors to Mini and MicroBooNE)

• Eliminates proton economics as the major limitation: all

experiments run simultaneously

– scope would be difficult to reproduce elsewhere

Bro road ad an and Fl Flex exible ible Phy hysics sics

• Project X is central and gives us the ultimate world

program at the intensity frontier. It is a very broad program with a lot of flexibility

3 GeV CW linac 3-8 GeV pulsed linac 8-120 GeV existing machines

• Muons
• Kaons
• Nuclei (ISOL)
• Materials (ADS)
• Neutrinos vs. antineutrinos
• Long base line neutrino oscillations

Nuc uclear lear Ene nerg rgy y Int nter erest est of

• f HIPA

15

• A multi-MW proton source could be the key element of

a Nuclear Energy program, including transmutation

– Multi MW CW beam at 1-2 GeV (similar to Fermilab Project-X) could be the accelerator and target technology demonstration project.

Pro roject ject-X: X: Mis ission ion

• A neutrino beam for long baseline neutrino oscillation

experiments

– 2 MW proton source at 60-120 GeV

• High intensity, low energy protons

for kaon and muon based precision experiments

– Operations simultaneous with the neutrino program

• A path toward a muon source for possible future

Neutrino Factory and/or a Muon Collider

– Requires ~4 MW at ~5-15 GeV .

• Possible non-HEP missions under consideration

– Nuclear physics – Nuclear energy applications (Demonstration: Accelerator and Transmutation)

Ref eference erence Des esign: ign: Provisional

isional Siting

CW Linac Pulsed Linac

18 PX Briefing to OHEP

3 Gev cw linac 8 Gev beam transport 3 Gev beam transport 3-8 Gev pulsed linac

Projec

• ject-X

X Reference ference Design ign La Layout

• ut

Pro roject ject-X: X: Fr Fron

• nt

t End nd

• H- -source: 10 mA CW
• RFQ (Room Temperature and CW): 162.5 MHz, ~ 2.5

MeV, 1/10mA avg/peak

– Pulsed RFQ under test at Fermilab

• MEBT (room temperature):

– High Bandwidth Chopper – RT bunching cavities, P < 5 kW each – Triplet (RT) optics (keep round beam)

MEBT RFQ

H-gun

Room Temp (RT) (~15m)

Pr Project

• ject-X

X Li Lina nac : Referen ference ce Design ign

SSR0 SSR1 SSR2 LE HE ILC #Cavities 18 18 40 48 152 224 #Solenoids 18 18 20 #Quadrupoles 32 46 28 #Cryomodules 1 2 4 8 19 28 Length, m 11.38 15.2 33.6 157.05 330.51 353.27 Position, m 11.38 26.58 60.18 157.11 487.62 Period Length, m 0.61 0.8 1.6 6.06 13.76 25.23 #Periods 18 18 10 16 19 14 Transition Energy, MeV 10.79 35.17 153.7 537.32 3038 8319 Transition Beta 0.150 0.266 0.511 0.771 0.972 0.995

SSR0 SSR1 SSR2 β=0.6 β=0.9 325 MHz 2.5-160 MeV 650 MHz 0.16-3 GeV ILC 3-8 GeV

CW W Li Lina nac: c: 32 325 5 MHz z an and 65 650 0 MHz z

Cavity ity Gradien ient

Cavity ity Power er

Energy rgy Gain pe per Ca Cavity ty

Project-X is a compact SRF Accelerator: Design enhances capabilities and reduces cost.

cavity type β G Freq MHz Beam pipe ø, mm Va, max MeV Emax MV/m Bmax mT R/Q, Ω G, Ω *Q0,2K 109 Pmax,2K W SSR0

β=0.115 325 30 0.6 32 39 108 50 6.5 0.5

SSR1

β=0.215 325 30 1.47 28 43 242 84 11.0 0.8

SSR2

β=0.42 325 40 3.34 32 60 292 109 13.0 2.9 Parameters of the single-spoke cavities

SSR0 - design SSR1 – prototyping, testing SSR2 - design

325 25 MH MHz Spok

• ke

e Resonator

• nator Cavit

ity

Parameter LE650 HE650 ILC β_geomet eometri ric 0.61 0.61 0.9 0.9 1 Cavity vity Length th = ncell

ll∙βgeom/2

mm 703 703 1038 1038 1038 1038 R/Q Ohm 378 378 638 638 1036 1036 G-facto actor Ohm 191 191 255 255 270 270

• Max. Gain/ca

/cavity vity (on

• n crest)

st) MeV 11.7 11.7 19.2/17 2/17.7 .7* 17.2 17.2

• Acc. Gradient

ient MV/m 16.6 16.6 18.5 5 / 17 16.9 16.9 Max surf

• rf. electri

tric field ld MV/m 37.5 37.5 37.3 3 / 34 34 34 Max surf

• rf. magneti

etic field eld, mT 70 70 70 / 61.5 72 72 Q0 @ @ 2°K  1010 1.5 1.5 2.0 2.0 1.5 1.5 P2K max [W] 24 24 29 / 24 20 20

1.3 GHz ILC

RF F Paramet rameter er for

• r ell

llip ipti tical cal Cavitie ities

650 MHz: β=0.61 650 MHz: β=0.9

Most t Recent ent 9-cell, ell, 1.3 GHz Cavity ty Results lts

6 cavitie ities buil ilt by ACCEL L and 6 by AES

Courtesy of R Geng

• AES 2nd batch has 75% yield > 35 MV/M
• Meet Project-X goals
• But… of course low statistics

ILC

PX PX

Final Assembly HTS VTS

String Assembly

MP9 Clean Room

VTS

ANL/FNAL EP

1st U.S. built ILC/PX Cryomodule 1st

st Dressed

ed Cavity

Pro roject ject-X: X: Tes est t Are rea

Ion Source and RFQ 325 MHz Spoke Cavity Test Facility 1.3 GHz HTS HINS Linac enclosure for 10 MEV Source of cryogenics Scale: Square blocks are 3ft x 3ft

27 27

Acc ccelerator elerator Uni nit t Tes est: t: Pha hase se-1

Cryomodule-1 (CM1) (Type III+) Capture Cavity 2 (CC2) CC2 RF System 5 MW RF System for CM1

Under Commissioning

28 28

Acc ccelerator elerator Uni nit t Tes est: t: Pha hase se 2/ 2/3

Cryomodules Capture Cavity 1 (CC1) 5MW RF System for Gun CC1 & CC2 RF Systems RF Gun 5MW RF System for Cryomodules Future 10MW RF System CC2 Future 3.9/Crab Cavity Test Beamlines

Acc ccelerator elerator Uni nit t Tes est t Sta tatus tus

• Injector

– Detailed Lattice designed – New gun system being installed

• Collaboration with DESY, KEK & INFN

– CC2 (single 9-cell cavity) operational - 10/09

• Accelerator

– CM1 installed, aligned, and under vacuum – Cooled, Under RF Power

Str trateg ategy/Timeli y/Timeline ne

• Completed all preliminary design, configuration, and

cost range documentation for CD-0, Feb 2011

Department of Energy briefing on November 16-17, 2010

• Continue conceptual development on outstanding

technical questions

– Baseline concept for the chopper – Concept for marrying the 3-8 GeV pulsed linac to CW front end – Injection into the Recycler – SRF and RF development at all relevant frequencies

• The DOE has advised that the earliest possible

construction start is FY2016

– We are receiving very significant R&D support for Project X and SRF development (~$40M in FY11, not including ARRA (stimulus))

• Planning for a five year construction schedule

Project X could be up and running in ~2020

Indian Institutions: BARC/Mumbai IUAC/Delhi RRCAT/Indore VECC/Kolkata

Col

• llaboration

laboration Pla lan

• A multi-institutional collaboration has been established

to execute the Project X RD&D Program.

– Being organized as a ―national project with international participation‖.

• Fermilab as lead laboratory with ultimate responsibility
• International participation via ―in-kind‖ contributions,

established through bi-lateral MOUs.

• Collaborators assume responsibility for components and

sub-system design, development, and construction. – National Collaboration MOU signatories:

ANL ORNL/SNS BNL MSU Cornell TJNAF Fermilab SLAC LBNL ILC/ART

• International Collaboration MOU

Ind ndia ia Col

• llab

laboration

• ration on
• n Pro

roje ject ct-X

• India Institutions are already key collaborators in both

Project-X accelerator and Physics programs

– Accelerator collaboration:

• Key to Indian domestic program (Energy and Application)

– Physics Collaboration:

• Continues 3 decades Indian institutions collaboration with Fermilab,

while enhancing in new physics and application areas

• Accelerator Collaboration

– All aspects of CW Linac – Plan is to jointly develop accelerators at Fermilab and in India

• Physics Collaboration

– Dzero (Energy Frontier) – MINOS, NOvA, LBNE, MIPP (Intensity Frontier) – LHC-CMS Center at Fermilab – Exploring collaboration in

• Rare decays (muon, Kaon)
• Nuclear Physics
• Nuclear Energy

Sum umma mary ry

• Project X is central to Fermilab’s strategy for development
• f the accelerator complex over the coming decade

– World leading programs in neutrinos and rare processes; – Potential applications beyond elementary particle physics;

• Nuclear physics and nuclear energy applications

– Aligned with ILC and Muon Accelerators

• Project X design concept is well developed and well aligned

with the requirements of the physics program:

– 3 GeV CW linac operating at 1 mA: 3 MW beam power – 3-8 GeV pulsed linac injecting into the Recycler/Main Injector complex

• We are expecting CD-0 for Project X in early 2011
• Project X could be constructed over the period ~2016 –

2020 http://projectx.fnal.gov/

Bac ackup kup Sli lides es

Mis issio sion: n: Phy hysics sics Req equirements uirements

Proton Energy (kinetic) Beam Power Beam Timing Rare Muon decays 2-3 GeV >500 kW 1 kHz – 160 MHz (g-2) measurement 8 GeV 20-50 kW 30- 100 Hz. Rare Kaon decays 2.6 – 4 GeV >500 kW 20 – 160 MHz. (<50 psec pings) Precision K0 studies 2.6 – 3 GeV > 100 mA (internal target) 20 – 160 MHz. (<50 psec pings) Neutron and exotic nuclei EDMs 1.5-2.5 GeV >500 kW > 100 Hz

Working groups established to outline experimental needs in five areas: http://www.fnal.gov/directorate/Longrange/Steering_Public/work shop-physics-5th.html

Comparative situation

• Europe: now fully occupied at the energy

frontier: LHC upgrades and future energy frontier machines (ILC, CLIC). To get into neutrinos competitively would need to do the same as in present US plans, with the addition

• f a modern high energy synchrotron. Not

excluded but very unlikely

• Japan: Is the nearest competitor, however

there are crucial long term advantages to Project X

Comparative advantages

• Higher CW power at low energies: push rare

decays one to two orders of magnitude further

• Proton economics: run multiple rare decay

experiments and neutrinos simultaneously. At JPARC the 50 GeV synchrotron is used for neutrinos and rare decays – requiring sharing

• Long base-line experiment to DUSEL

detectors with baselines not possible in Japan

• Far more flexible set of facilities and plenty of

land for expansion