Outline for Today Wednesday, Oct. 31 Chapter 6: Electronic - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Outline for Today Wednesday, Oct. 31 Chapter 6: Electronic - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Jun 02, 2023 212 likes •415 views

Outline for Today Wednesday, Oct. 31 Chapter 6: Electronic Structure of Atoms Using the Periodic Table as a Tool for Electron Configurations Electrifying a pickle! (Electron Transitions in Sodium) Chapter 7: Periodic Trends E ff

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SLIDE 1

Outline for Today

Wednesday, Oct. 31

  • Chapter 6: Electronic Structure of Atoms
  • Using the Periodic Table as a Tool for Electron

Configurations

  • Electrifying a pickle! (Electron Transitions in Sodium)
  • Chapter 7: Periodic Trends
  • Effective Nuclear Charge
  • Atomic Size
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SLIDE 2

Example: Electron Configurations of atoms and ions

  • 1. What is the

electron configuration for Nitrogen?

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SLIDE 3

Using the Periodic Table as a Tool For Electron Configurations

N

2s2 2p3 1s2

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SLIDE 4

Example: Se

Se

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SLIDE 5

[Ar] 4s2 3d10 4p4 Se:

Se

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SLIDE 6

Pb

[Xe] 6s2 4f14 5d10 6p2 Pb:

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SLIDE 7

Challenge Questions!

  • What is the electron configuration of Ag+?
  • How many unpaired electrons does Ag+ have?
  • Can an electron in Ag+ be in a 5p orbital?
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SLIDE 8

Challenge Questions!

  • Can an electron in a ground state Ag+ be in a 5p orbital?

No.

  • Can an electron in an excited state Ag+ be in a 5p
  • rbital?

Yes!

  • What is the electron configuration of Ag+?
  • How many unpaired electrons does Ag+ have?
  • Can an electron in Ag+ be in a 5p orbital?
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SLIDE 9

Time to Cook the Pickle!

Electron Configuration of Sodium (Na)

Voltage Excites the Electron

3p 3s

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SLIDE 10

Time to Cook the Pickle!

Electron Configuration of Sodium (Na)

P h

  • t
  • n

E m i t t e d ! As the electron relaxes to the ground state, a photon comes

  • ut.

3p 3s

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SLIDE 11

Radial Node Angular Node

𝝨

Angular and Radial Nodes of the 3p Orbital

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SLIDE 12

Effective Nuclear Charge

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SLIDE 13

Why do orbitals with the same principal quantum number, n, increase with angular momentum quantum number, l?

Nucleus (+)

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SLIDE 14

Example Problems: Effective Nuclear Charge

  • If the core electrons were totally effective at screening

the valence electrons and the valence electrons provided no screening for each other, what would be the effective nuclear charge acting on the 5s valence electrons in Strontium?

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SLIDE 15

Atomic Radius

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SLIDE 16

Trends in Atomic Radius

Atomic Number Radius (pm)

Li Na K Rb Cs He Ne Ar Kr Xe

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SLIDE 17

Cation and Anion Sizes

Cations are SMALLER than their neutral atoms. Anions are LARGER than their neutral atoms.

F O B Be Li

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SLIDE 18

Trends in Size in a Group (Column)

Na Li K Rb S O Se Te

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SLIDE 19

Example Problems: Atomic Radius

  • Arrange the following atoms in order of increasing size

(smallest to largest)

  • Ge, K, Kr, Cr
  • Pb, C, Sn, Si
  • Li, F

, Na, H

  • S2-,Ca2+, Ar, K+