Optenni Lab Easy-to-use impedance matching tool for antenna designers www.optenni.com www.optenni.com Optenni Ltd, May 22, 2013
Optenni Lab • Optenni Lab is a fast and easy-to-use matching circuit generation and antenna analysis tool tailored for antenna designers • Main features: – Fast automatic matching circuit generation including a component library and sensitivity analysis – Simultaneous multiport matching – Estimation of obtainable bandwidth of antennas at various frequencies using the bandwidth potential technique – Calculation of worst-case isolation for two-antenna systems www.optenni.com www.optenni.com Optenni Ltd, May 22, 2013
Main Features of Optenni Lab MATCHING CIRCUIT GENERATION www.optenni.com www.optenni.com Optenni Ltd, May 22, 2013
Traditional matching circuit generation 1. Using a circuit simulator, guess a suitable matching circuit topology and give initial values for the components 2. Set up frequency markers manually 3. Try to tune the circuit values by hand 4. Try to use the optimization features of the circuit simulators 5. If the results are not good, start again and try another topology www.optenni.com www.optenni.com Optenni Ltd, May 22, 2013
Problems with the traditional method • Circuit simulator skills needed • Theoretical impedance matching knowledge needed to select the matching circuit topologies • Difficult to choose a correct topology for multiresonant cases • Optimization routines are difficult to use – Setting frequency ranges is tedious – Optimization criteria might not be the best ones • Whole process takes many laborious iterations and possibly hours www.optenni.com www.optenni.com Optenni Ltd, May 22, 2013
Optenni Lab: Matching circuit generation 1. Select antenna impedance file (multiport S parameters from a Touchstone file) 2. Select termination impedances 3. Select frequency ranges 4. Select number of components in matching circuits 5. Click OK • Whole procedure takes less than 30 seconds No impedance matching or • circuit simulation skills needed www.optenni.com www.optenni.com Optenni Ltd, May 22, 2013
Results of matching circuit generation All previous results available S parameters (S11, S21) through in a project tree the matching circuit S11 on the Smith chart Generated circuit Circuit Multiple performance topologies generated www.optenni.com www.optenni.com Optenni Ltd, May 22, 2013
Component library • Optenni Lab includes a library of commonly used inductors and capacitors • Initially almost 30 component series from three major manufacturers are supported and more are planned • The optimization using components from the library is fast and easy • Component library is also compatible with sensitivity analysis www.optenni.com www.optenni.com Optenni Ltd, May 22, 2013
Sensitivity analysis • The sensitivity of the results with respect to component tolerances can be analyzed for both the generic component models and the library models. • Also yield and minimum efficiency is calculated • The sensitivity analysis only takes a few seconds www.optenni.com www.optenni.com Optenni Ltd, May 22, 2013
Optimization of efficiency • For matching circuits with lossy matching components, Optenni Lab is optimizing for S21, which is equivalent to the total efficiency of the matching circuit (including both impedance mismatch losses and thermal losses in the matching circuit components) • Optimization of the impedance match alone would lead to suboptimal total efficiency • In many other programs it is difficult to optimize for the total efficiency (S21). www.optenni.com www.optenni.com Optenni Ltd, May 22, 2013
Options in matching circuit generation • Manually given topologies • Losses in matching circuit components: S21 of circuit optimized, component losses calculated • Fixed component values • Limits for component values • Interactive tuning of generated circuits www.optenni.com www.optenni.com Optenni Ltd, May 22, 2013
Impedance trace • Impedance trace shows how Effect of series capacitor the components change the impedance on the Smith chart at the visualization frequency • Very useful feature for understanding the operation of the matching circuit • Can be combined with Effect of shunt inductor component tuning and interactive selection of the visualization frequency www.optenni.com www.optenni.com Optenni Ltd, May 22, 2013
Main Features of Optenni Lab SIMULTANEOUS MULTIPORT MATCHING www.optenni.com www.optenni.com Optenni Ltd, May 22, 2013
Main features • Simultaneous multiport matching compatible with automatic topology creation, component library, tolerance analysis etc. • For antenna applications: optimization of efficiency • For filters or amplifiers: optimization of S21 etc. • Arbitrary number of ports • Termination of ports (internal ports for single components) www.optenni.com www.optenni.com Optenni Ltd, May 22, 2013
Multiport antenna matching • Not enough to have good matching (e.g. both |S 11 | 2 and |S 22 | 2 small) • Not enough to have good matching and isolation (|S 11 | 2 , |S 21 | 2 and |S 22 | 2 small) • Need to consider antenna total efficiency, taking into account matching circuit losses and coupling to other ports www.optenni.com www.optenni.com Optenni Ltd, May 22, 2013
Multiport antenna matching • Easy to use: just click on the ports to set the frequency ranges and the circuits to set number of components or topology • Multiple topologies optimized for each port • Fast parallel optimization www.optenni.com www.optenni.com Optenni Ltd, May 22, 2013
Output data • Circuit topology • Efficiencies • S parameters www.optenni.com www.optenni.com Optenni Ltd, May 22, 2013
Additional options • Ports can be terminated using a single component (e.g. internal ports in EM simulations used for component placement) • Specifications for efficiency stop bands and isolation www.optenni.com www.optenni.com Optenni Ltd, May 22, 2013
General multiport matching • Applications: amplifiers, filters, switches, coupled coils etc. • Typical figure of merit: |S 21 | 2 to be large in passband and small in stopband • Maximum possible |S 21 | 2 given by the concept of electromagnetic isolation • Targets: pass and stop bands for Sij www.optenni.com www.optenni.com Optenni Ltd, May 22, 2013
Main Features of Optenni Lab ESTIMATION OF OBTAINABLE BANDWIDTH: BANDWIDTH POTENTIAL www.optenni.com www.optenni.com Optenni Ltd, May 22, 2013
Estimation of obtainable bandwidth • The obtainable bandwidth of an antenna through a two-component matching circuit can be quickly estimated using the bandwidth potential technique • The analysis makes it easy to compare antenna prototypes (without matching them explicitly) www.optenni.com www.optenni.com Optenni Ltd, May 22, 2013
Benefits of bandwidth potential • Quikcly shows the obtainable bandwidth of a prototype without explicit tuning • Differently matched antennas can be compared • Can be used to select the best antenna candidate • Shows at which frequency the best bandwidth is obtained • Can be used to verify the antenna operation: best bandwidth should be obtained at the operation frequency bands www.optenni.com www.optenni.com Optenni Ltd, May 22, 2013
Example of bandwidth potential usage • Ground plane: 40 mm by 100 mm • Patch: 25 by 20 mm, height 5 mm Case 1 Case 2: 19 mm by 14 mm removed www.optenni.com www.optenni.com Optenni Ltd, May 22, 2013
Impedances of example antennas Based on original unmatched impedances it is difficult to say which antenna is more wideband and how large bandwidth could be obtained. www.optenni.com www.optenni.com Optenni Ltd, May 22, 2013
Bandwidth potential results Case 1 Case 2 Bandwidth potential calculation shows that antenna 1 is more wideband at the lower operating frequency but antenna 2 is more wideband at the upper frequencies (although the antenna is smaller). www.optenni.com www.optenni.com Optenni Ltd, May 22, 2013
Bandwidth potential and parameter sweeps Height of antenna 2 varied Raw impedance data Bandwidth potential The maximum bandwidth of the Difficult to see the effect of the upper resonance stays at the height. Seems to lower the upper same frequency, lower resonance resonance frequency? becomes more wideband. www.optenni.com www.optenni.com Optenni Ltd, May 22, 2013
Summary of bandwidth potential • Using raw impedance data it is difficult to compare differently matched antennas and it is difficult to see how large bandwidth could be obtained with impedance tuning. • Bandwidth potential calculations show the obtainable bandwidth at all frequencies, making comparison of different antennas easy. Bandwidth potential can also be used with parameter sweeps. • Bandwidth potential saves antenna design time and reduces the number of prototypes. www.optenni.com www.optenni.com Optenni Ltd, May 22, 2013
Main Features of Optenni Lab CALCULATION OF WORST - CASE ISOLATION www.optenni.com www.optenni.com Optenni Ltd, May 22, 2013
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