NAV08 / ILA37 On the use of AIS binary messages for exchanging navigational intentions in encounter situation Junji FUKUTO, M. MINAMI and Y. NIWA Navigation Systems Group National Maritime Research Institute, JAPAN National Maritime Research Institute, JAPAN 1
NAV08 / ILA37 Steps of collision avoidance Assessment Prediction of collision Information Action of risk and Plan for acquisition for CA future avoidance target path manoeuvre Fails of Recognition gap prediction of danger among ships Unexpected target *CA: Collision avoidance ship’s manoeuvre National Maritime Research Institute, JAPAN 2
NAV08 / ILA37 Reported near misses from active seafarers 67% Near misses caused From Study on Near Misses by encounter ships under Ship’s Operation, 1997 Total 2484 reports National Maritime Research Institute, JAPAN 3
NAV08 / ILA37 Steps of collision avoidance Assessment Prediction of collision Information Action of risk and Plan for acquisition for CA future avoidance target path manoeuvre Fails of Recognition gap prediction of danger among ships Unexpected If the relations between ships were improved, encountered Near misses will be reduced ship manoeuvre Navigational intension exchange is a good solution to clear the ambiguity of the ship’s behaviour National Maritime Research Institute, JAPAN 4
NAV08 / ILA37 Information technology at sea and e-Navigation Advance in navigation systems Widely introduction of AIS New radars are required to show AIS information on its display from 2008 and more.... e-Navigation strategy It promotes to make new application with new and existing systems. Use of AIS binary message is an effective approach for realising e-Navigation National Maritime Research Institute, JAPAN 5
NAV08 / ILA37 NIESS (Navigational intention exchange support system ) National Maritime Research Institute, JAPAN 6
NAV08 / ILA37 Exchanging navigational intensions VHF Voice communication Linguistic barriers disturbs effective communication False recognition may occur in noisy condition Whistles Difficult to identify the ship that sent message Effective distance is too short for collision avoidance National Maritime Research Institute, JAPAN 7
NAV08 / ILA37 NIESS (Navigational intention exchange support system ) Purpose To support exchange of navigational intensions among encountered ships We focus on support for collision avoidance. About 90% of VHF call is for negotiating Collision Avoidance* Design We decided that the NIESS is designed as an add-in software for RADAR. It should not disturb all RADAR operation It should be simple and easy operation *From AIS: Implications for Collision Avoidance, Nick Bailey, ISIS 2006 National Maritime Research Institute, JAPAN 8
NAV08 / ILA37 NIESS (Navigational intention exchange support system ) Addressed Binary Message Message 6 Send Binary Broadcast Message Message Ship C Message 8 Change Course Changing course to 100 Radar with NIESS NIESS Want to pass Confirmed Port to Port Port to Port Ship A Changing Ship B course to 100 AIS Radar with NIESS Radar with NIESS National Maritime Research Institute, JAPAN 9
NAV08 / ILA37 NIESS (Navigational intention exchange support system ) RADAR NIESS add in software has function for ; 1. Managing user interface for the LAN or RS422 NIESS on RADAR NIESS add in software AIS National Maritime Research Institute, JAPAN 10
NAV08 / ILA37 NIESS (Navigational intention exchange support system ) RADAR NIESS add in software has function for ; 1. Managing user interface for the LAN or RS422 NIESS on RADAR NIESS add in 2. Interpret AIS binary software messages AIS National Maritime Research Institute, JAPAN 11
NAV08 / ILA37 NIESS (Navigational intention exchange support system ) RADAR NIESS add in software has function for ; 1. Managing user interface for the LAN or RS422 NIESS on RADAR NIESS add in 2. Interpret AIS Binary software messages 3. Control the AIS to manage AIS binary AIS message National Maritime Research Institute, JAPAN 12
NAV08 / ILA37 Functions of a prototype of the NIESS Functions for ; 1. Confirming topological relation of each ship at passing Mess. 6 2. Notifying intentional course change Mess.8 It broadcasts intentional course change to ships around to show that on the target RADAR display 3. Requesting VHF voice call Mess.6 It shows the demand on the target RADAR display as a highlighted symbol National Maritime Research Institute, JAPAN 13
NAV08 / ILA37 NIESS Function for confirming passing pattern OWN SHIP SHIP A National Maritime Research Institute, JAPAN 14
NAV08 / ILA37 Own Ship RADAR 1. Select a ship to communicate by click AIS symbol OWN SHIP SHIP A National Maritime Research Institute, JAPAN 15
NAV08 / ILA37 Own Ship Passing RADAR the starboard side Passing Passing the stern the bow Passing the port side 2. Select passing point by click AIS symbol OWN SHIP SHIP A National Maritime Research Institute, JAPAN 16
NAV08 / ILA37 Own Ship RADAR 2. Select passing point by click AIS symbol OWN SHIP SHIP A National Maritime Research Institute, JAPAN 17
NAV08 / ILA37 Own Ship RADAR 2. Passing pattern is displayed OWN SHIP SHIP A National Maritime Research Institute, JAPAN 18
NAV08 / ILA37 Own Ship RADAR 3. Send the message to the ship by click send button OWN SHIP SHIP A National Maritime Research Institute, JAPAN 19
NAV08 / ILA37 Wants to pass by at your bow side OWN SHIP SHIP A National Maritime Research Institute, JAPAN 20
NAV08 / ILA37 Ship A RADAR OWN SHIP SHIP A National Maritime Research Institute, JAPAN 21
NAV08 / ILA37 Ship A RADAR 4. The offer of the passing pattern is displayed on OWN SHIP SHIP A the receiver's RADAR National Maritime Research Institute, JAPAN 22
NAV08 / ILA37 Ship A RADAR 5. When the offer is not acceptable, right click OWN SHIP SHIP A the ship to NO. National Maritime Research Institute, JAPAN 23
NAV08 / ILA37 Ship A RADAR 6. Send the message to the ship by click send button OWN SHIP SHIP A National Maritime Research Institute, JAPAN 24
NAV08 / ILA37 I don’t accept your offer OWN SHIP SHIP A National Maritime Research Institute, JAPAN 25
NAV08 / ILA37 Own Ship RADAR OWN SHIP SHIP A National Maritime Research Institute, JAPAN 26
NAV08 / ILA37 Own Ship RADAR 7. The response of offer is displayed on the RADAR OWN SHIP SHIP A National Maritime Research Institute, JAPAN 27
NAV08 / ILA37 Own Ship RADAR 8. Select the ship and passing point again OWN SHIP SHIP A National Maritime Research Institute, JAPAN 28
NAV08 / ILA37 Own Ship RADAR 9. Send the message to the ship by click send button OWN SHIP SHIP A National Maritime Research Institute, JAPAN 29
NAV08 / ILA37 Wants to pass by at your stern side OWN SHIP SHIP A National Maritime Research Institute, JAPAN 30
NAV08 / ILA37 OWN SHIP SHIP A National Maritime Research Institute, JAPAN 31
NAV08 / ILA37 10. The offer of the passing pattern is displayed again OWN SHIP SHIP A on the receiver's RADAR National Maritime Research Institute, JAPAN 32
NAV08 / ILA37 11. When the offer is acceptable, click OWN SHIP SHIP A the sender ship to YES. National Maritime Research Institute, JAPAN 33
NAV08 / ILA37 12. Send the message to the ship by click send button OWN SHIP SHIP A National Maritime Research Institute, JAPAN 34
NAV08 / ILA37 I accept your offer OWN SHIP SHIP A National Maritime Research Institute, JAPAN 35
NAV08 / ILA37 Own Ship RADAR 13. The response of offer is displayed on the RADAR OWN SHIP SHIP A says YES National Maritime Research Institute, JAPAN 36
NAV08 / ILA37 The confirmed passing pattern is displayed only when the cursor is on the target. OWN SHIP SHIP A National Maritime Research Institute, JAPAN 37
NAV08 / ILA37 Simulator Experiment on the NIESS Outline of the experiment Scenario 14 scenarios which includes three ship. These are relatively difficult for collision avoidance Subject 2 licensed persons 103 103 102 102 201 201 103 103 101 101 102 102 National Maritime Research Institute, JAPAN 38
NAV08 / ILA37 Simulator Experiment on the NIESS The NIESS NIESS 1 NIESS 2 １ ２ Ship Ship SEND SEND Controller Controller ALTER ALTER COURSE COURSE T.C. T.C. SPD SPD Rudder Rudder Display Display LAN Output: AIS sentence except AIS Binary messages ② ① Function: Ship motion Calculation AIS Signal Generator National Maritime Research Institute, JAPAN 39
NAV08 / ILA37 Simulator Experiment on the NIESS Simulator for the NIESS National Maritime Research Institute, JAPAN 40
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