Objectives Compare quarantines and certification programs to- - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Objectives

• Compare quarantines and certification programs to-
• Create a HARMONIZED GRAPE QUARANTINE PEST

LIST in Pacific Northwest;

• Develop a standardized REGIONAL GRAPEVINE

CERTIFICATION PROGRAM;

• Revise state rules and implement by June 2019

Goal: free movement of certified grapevine planting stocks in PNW, minimized pest risks in vineyards, work toward a national standard.

ID, OR, and WA

 State regulators  Nurseries  Wine industries  Subject matter specialists

 OSU  WSU  Cornell University  FPS  CPC-NW

 Extension and outreach specialists

 Inputs from other Depts. of Agriculture

 CA  NY

Team Work with Stakeholders

Pest vs Quarantine Pest

Quarantine pest: “A pest of potential economic importance to the area endangered thereby and not yet present there, or present but not widely distributed and being officially controlled [FAO, IPPC].” Pest: “Any species, strain or biotype of plant, animal

• r pathogenic agent injurious to plants or plant

products [FAO, IPPC].”

External vs Internal Quarantine

 ID/OR would take action if Q pest found in state  Proposed change to WA quarantine would clarify

that it applies within the state: Q pest = action

 Example: Phylloxera. How is it handled? Xylella?

State External Internal ID X X OR X X WA X

Requirements ID Certified planting materials, Phytosanitary certificate, & Pre- notification OR Certified planting materials, or inspected & tested, Phytosanitary certificate, & Pre-notification WA Certified planting materials, Phytosanitary certificate, & Pre- notification Additional Q Requirements- WA/OR

 Oregon requires freedom from soil-

 Field grown vines are prohibited, require special permit from

WA, other states

 Both require hot water dip, treatment for Vine Mealybug,

phylloxera (or Methyl Bromide fumigation)

 Oregon requires testing for Xylella

 Defines sampling dates (within 60 days of shipment)

Proposed Quarantine Changes

ID: Only certified planting materials- no change WA: Only certified planting materials- no change OR: Will phase in requirement for only certified materials by January 1, 2023.

Currently, the only states with a grapevine certification program that meets WA quarantine are: Oregon, California & Canada. Clean Plant Center NW (Prosser) or FPS (UC Davis) are the approved G1 sources

Oregon: Proposed Changes

General requirements

• Grape cuttings/rooted plants produced in soil-less

media must be treated with an approved insecticide effective against vine mealybug and any pests that may be present on the roots prior to shipment.

• Field-grown plants must be bareroot (no soil), subject

to one of the following treatments and stored so as to prevent reinfestation.

• Hot water treatment
• Fumigation

Proposed Quarantine Changes

Washington: Xylella Survey

• WA is conducting ongoing survey for Xylella, and

now has 14 counties recognized as pest free areas.

• Oregon will accept grapevines that originate from WA

based on our official survey without further testing requirements

Quarantine Pest List harmonization

 ID: add Grapevine red blotch virus and European grapevine moth  OR: add Grapevine virus B  WA: add European grapevine moth, Glassywinged sharpshooter

and Grapevine red blotch virus

 How widespread is Grapevine red blotch virus? Survey needed……

Grapevine Registration and Certification Programs in PNW

Idaho

• Does not have

certification program Washington

• Started in 1968
• Last revision 2014
• 5 nurseries

Oregon

• Started in 1970
• Last revision 1999
• 16 nurseries

Standards OR WA Approved registered plants X X Unique number assigned to registered plant X Site approval X X Monitoring and inspection X X Periodic testing for pathogens X X Certification tags X X

G1 Foundation G2 Mother G3 Increase G4 Nursery 100% tested > <Monitored, Tested, Rogued > Inspected

Certification Generation Summary

“Start Clean, Stay Clean”

Grapevine Registration and Certification Standards support export

 Reviewed how NAPPO RSPM 35 can impact

certification programs

 Made changes to the standards, to meet RSPM 35

requirements

 In communication with federal agencies to provide

updates on our certification programs to facilitate export

To facilitate export to Canada/Mexico

Basics of Harmonized Planting Stock Certification

 Virus-tested G1 foundation Source (NCPN)  Limited generations- Now G1 / G2 / G3 / G4

 Replacing ‘Foundation, Registered & Certified’

 Held in a way to prevent re-infection

 Isolation from non-certified plants,  Exclusion of virus vectors (nematodes, mealybugs, aphids,

pollen)

 Visual Inspections (testing of symptoms to

confirm status)

 Identity Preservation to G1 source plant  Add Mandatory rotational testing of G2

Is visual inspection enough?

 Visual Inspection to

determine presence of virus/disease

 Unreliable, snapshot in time  Doesn’t catch latent viruses

 Required testing of G2/G3-

 PCR, ELISA, HTS  On a rotation of 4 or 5

years,

 To catch sourcing

mistakes, and audit nurseries for compliance

Where we’ve been Where we’re going

do we speak the same language?

 Rule language says

‘Foundation’, ‘registered’, ‘certified’, ‘nuclear’, ‘elite’, ‘pre-elite’…… a litany of words to identify plant generations/how they are held, produced

 Adopt standardized

Generation language developed in national model standards-

 G1, G2, G3, G4

Where we’ve been Where we’re going

Major Proposed Changes

 Updated based on State Level Model Regulatory

Standards

 Common definitions  Specific requirements for registered blocks

• Field condition
• Containers
• Enhance Tissue culture requirements
• Specific requirements for registered plants
• Tracking number assigned to each registered plant
• Certified stock shall be inspected and tested
• Nursery maintains records identifying the G1 source of

all registered plants (G2 or G3)

Common misconceptions- Is the nursery certified, or are the plants?

• “while people say they understand

the clean plant process, and where to get clean plants, they fundamentally don't.”

• Example: Out of 36 blocks, all

claiming to be planted with certified vines….

• When cross-referenced with the

supplying nursery, 32 of those 36 were NOT actually certified vines.

• People think that the nurseries are

certified, not the planting material.

http://blog.agratech.com

“People think that the nurseries are certified, not the planting material.”- most nurseries sell BOTH.

Common misconceptions- Certified for what, and when?

• the definition of what

‘certified’ means is also confusing for buyers. It is

• ften seen as a guarantee of

cleanliness when really it is a guarantee of the certification process the plant has gone through.

• Can it be traced to G1?
• Was it held in isolation since then?

morivines.com

• What pathogens were

included in the cert process?

Common misconceptions- Does Tissue Culture = Virus-free plants?

• NO! Tissue culture production is confused

with clean planting stock, when it may or may not have started with a virus free G1 source plant.

• ASK the TC nursery if their TC lines are

part of an official state certification program in WA, OR or CA.

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