Notes from SUSY2018 Conference Romain Madar 06/2018 Romain Madar - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Notes from SUSY2018 Conference

Romain Madar 06/2018

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Overview

1 Collider physics 2 Theoretical ideas 3 Cosmology 4 Conclusions

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Collider physics

Collider physics

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Collider physics

Precision calculations and generators I

Plenary session - presentation Main ingredients:

NLO fully automatized “NLO revolution”, but NNLO is possible only for (2) → (2) process importance of mixed-coupling perturbative developpement, especially in tails of distributions (not trivial interplay of higher-order QCD and EW corrections) . This starts to be relevant for EFT parametrization of new physics (mixing between αs and 1/Λ).

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Collider physics

Precision calculations and generators II

Figure 1: Impact of full correction (EW and QCD) on t¯ tZ and W+jets production

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Collider physics

Precision calculations and generators III

Figure 2: Impact of full correction (EW mixed with QCD) on t¯ t production

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Collider physics

Precision calculations and generators IV

Additional details fixed order: analytically resummed with Matrix Element (ME) for a given number of partons matched: generate the parton either ME with or parton showering (PS) depending on pT and/or ∆R with a given number of parton LO only merged: the inclusion in a single simulation of several matched samples +1j, +2j, +3j, ... possible at NLO Take away message NLO merging is geting there, “only” technical details but no conceptual wall while NNLO is still not fully automatized (only done for particular cases but no universtal structure in amplitudes found as for the “NLO revolution”)

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Collider physics

Precision measurements in the top quark sector I

Plenary session - presentation Main ingredients:

inclusive cross-section → constrain EFT TopFiter kinematics → contraint the structure of ggt (prod) and Wtb (decay) interactions general strategy: assume one is standard and probe deviation for the other spin correlation for top-gluon interaction (production) and relies on bare top quark decay since the spin information is not diluted in the hadronisation W helicity for top-W-botom interaction (decay)

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Collider physics

Precision measurements in the top quark sector II

Figure 3: Constraint on EFT coming from pp → t¯ t cross-section.

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Collider physics

Precision measurements in the top quark sector III

Figure 4: Last ATLAS result on spin correlation with 3.2σ excess ATLAS-CONF-2018-027

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Collider physics

SUSY searches at the LHC I

Plenary session - presentation 1, presentation 2 Main ingredients:

chargino and neutralino are mixing of bino, winos, higgsino electroweak cross-section are very small and only started at Run 2 simplified model (ie. 100% BR) are assumed in 2D limit plots, but this doesn’t directly rely to nMSSM exclusion slowly reaching the TeV scale in EW production interesting idea: CMS has low pT trigger with 2 kHz rate but don’t record all the information of the event, allowing to keep the statistics at low pT.

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Collider physics

SUSY searches at the LHC II

Figure 5: Production cross-section of several SM processes, MSSM strong production and MSSM electro-weak production.

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Collider physics

Jet rate and jet/gluon tagging I

Models, Phenomenology and Experimental Results 1 - presentation Main ingredients:

good understanding of quark-jet and gluon-jet emission fraction using functional generation computation of gluon/quark jets probability for uu → uu, gg → gg and gu → gu Build a BDT to discriminate quark from gluon-jets on Z/γ + jets and di-jets events

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Collider physics

Jet rate and jet/gluon tagging II

Figure 6: Theoretical formulation of quark/gluon jet rates

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Collider physics

Jet rate and jet/gluon tagging III

Figure 7: Prediction of averaged number of quark jets for different elementary processes

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Collider physics

Jet rate and jet/gluon tagging IV

Figure 8: Discriminant q/g jets and template fit for the fourth leading jets

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Collider physics

Overview of flavour anomalies I

plenary session - presentation Main ingredients:

two main anomalies summarized here:

1

B → D(∗)ℓν probing lepton universality with τ and e/µ at the tree level through the ratio between ℓ = τ and ℓ = e/µ BR (RD).

2

B → K∗ℓ+ℓ− probing lepton universality between e and µ at the 1-loop FCNC level, using angular distribution (e.g. P5) and ratio of BR in µµ and ee (RK).

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Collider physics

Overview of flavour anomalies II

Figure 9: Anomaly observed in B → D(∗)ℓν

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Collider physics

Overview of flavour anomalies III

Figure 10: Angular anomaly observed in B → K ∗ℓ+ℓ−

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Collider physics

Overview of flavour anomalies IV

Figure 11: Anomaly observed in B → K ∗ℓ+ℓ−

Atempt to explain it using two main approaches: standard model effective field theory with dimension 9 and 10 operators, and direct model building approach based on coloured neutral boson coupled to τ − µ or lepto-quarks.

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Collider physics

Overview of flavour anomalies V

Suggestion of other observables to measure in order to beter identify which scenario is actually realized (e.g. pp → ττ + X and B → K ∗ττ).

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Theoretical ideas

Theoretical ideas

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Theoretical ideas

3rd generation prediction with SUSY+VLQ

Models, Phenomenology and Experimental Results - presentation predicts yt, yb, yτ & 3 gauge couplings αi using IR fixed points fixed points is way to naturally stabilize quantum corrections for the UV region, but IR gives a natural values (Asymptotic Safety Beyond the Standard Model, LIO2016) start at the GUT scale and run at EW scale, depending on the particle content to explain 6 constants! drawbacks:

doesn’t deal with 1st and 2nd generation (too light) many assumption on scales/coupling equality

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Theoretical ideas

Going beyond the SM I

Plenary session - presentation Main ingredients:

EFT of the SM with interesting operator counting depending on the dimension, and it can be prety large (see figure later)! LEFT =

• d,i

cd

i Od i

Λd−n =

• d

Ld Λd−n = Ld≤4 + L5 Λ + L6 Λ2 + ... Dimension 5 are called Weinberg operators and dimension 6 was studied

• extensively. They are fairly understandable (tri-gauge couplings, correction to the

Higgs potential, correction to the Higgs-gluon couplings)

Pros & cons of EFT

General and relatively agnostic parametrization of new physics No new (explicit) degree of freedom

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Theoretical ideas

Going beyond the SM II

Figure 12: Number of operators as a function of operator dimension (3 and 4 generations)

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Theoretical ideas

Going beyond the SM III

Figure 13: Constraints on EFT operators with and without LHC data (warsaw basis

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Theoretical ideas

Going beyond the SM IV

One new idea to face hierarchy issue is to assume that electro-weak scale comes from inflation scenario by adding one field which quickly relax and makes the Higgs potential with a minima.

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Theoretical ideas

Going beyond the SM V

Figure 14: Higgs vev emerging from a kind of inflation

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Theoretical ideas

Constraining low energy EFT SM with DUNE I

BSM aspects of flavour physics - presentation Main ingredients

effective theory at low energy (weak EFTSM) integrating out heavy fields prediction of neutrino-quark and neutrino-lepton interaction expected precision from DUNE for three types of process is translated in term of wEFTSM coefficients:

1

neutrino dffusion over coulomb field of nuclei ν → νℓ+ℓ−

2

neutrino-electron diffusion νe → νe

3

neutrino-nucleon diffusion νN → νN

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Theoretical ideas

Constraining low energy EFT SM with DUNE II

Figure 15: Schematic of DUNE experiment (top) and neutrino diffusion over coulomb field (botom-lef) and neutrino-electron diffusion (botom-right)

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Theoretical ideas

Constraining low energy EFT SM with DUNE III

Figure 16: Expected constrain on EFT operator with ... 1% uncertainty (comment that it was totally unrealistic from an experimental point of view)

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Theoretical ideas

Neutrino masses with radiative corrections I

BSM aspects of flavour physics - presentation Main ingredients

assumes that only the 3rd heavy right-handed neutrino at the planck scale, namely M=diag(0,0,M) 1st and 2nd diagonal terms are generated radiatively from the Planck scale to EW scale, without any assumption at intermediate scale what prediction can be tested experimentally: not so clear ...

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Theoretical ideas

Neutrino masses with radiative corrections II

Figure 17: All diagrams involved in the evolution of mass paramter from planck to EW scale.

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Theoretical ideas

Neutrino masses with radiative corrections III

Figure 18: Numerical result of generated diagonal terms and Yukawa couplings

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Theoretical ideas

Neutrino masses with radiative corrections IV

Figure 19: Physical mass afer diagonalisation of the generated mass matrix (RHN stands for Right Handed Neutrino)

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Cosmology

Cosmology

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Cosmology

Observational cosmology I

plenary session - presentation Main ingredients

Review of current measurements based on

1

cosmic microwave background (CMB)

2

super noaves (SN), weak gravitational lensing (WL)

3

baryon acoustic oscillation (BA).

Introduction of a “new” observable σ8 probing large structure flucutation (σ8 ≡ RMS of mass in sphere of R = 8H−1Mpc) Constraints starts to be sensitive to neutrino total mass, so results are presented with both floating mass and fixed mass.

Emphasis on H0 tension and precision measurement

there is a ∼ 3σ tension between SN-based and CMB-based measurements trying to find new data to arbitrate like “distance ladder with BAO” how to reach 1% precision on H0? Inlarge cepheid parallax measurements, include lens time delay, cluster count (mass) and gravitational waves created by binary system! Precise measurement could constrain neutrino mass.

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Cosmology

Observational cosmology II

Figure 20: Precision on Hubble constant versus time for two classes of measurements

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Cosmology

Observational cosmology III

Figure 21: Impact of few cosmological paramter on the tension

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Cosmology

Observational cosmology IV

Figure 22: Probability of H0 value infered on GW of binary system, which a fully idependant measurement of the universe expension

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Cosmology

Last PLANCK results I

plenary session - presentation Main ingredients

Legacy data analyzed: constraints/measurements are obtained for

1

ΛCDM model based on the angular structure of the temperature fluctuations

2

polarization anisotropies (only E mode), which is a new & difficult measurement (polarizaton come from spin-dependant inverse compton diffusion of CMB photon on mater)

3

inflation scenario and properties (power spectrum of the fluctuations P(k) where k is the spacial frequency of the fluctuations

4

sensitivity to weak lensing (CMB photons sentivite to dark mater density between last surface scatering an now), using the four correlation point function (angle-angle correlation function). Weak lensing also convert E-mode into B-mode - which can also be used

5

Effective number of neutrinos and mass, and correlation with H0/σ8 tension Precision of parameter reaching the sub-percent level!

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Cosmology

Last PLANCK results II

Model parameter Mean Std dev

• Rel. err.

Ωbh2 Baryon density 0.02237 0.00015 0.007 Ωch2 Dark mater density 0.1200 0.0012 0.01 100θ CMB acoustic scale 1.04092 0.00031 0.0003 τ Optical depth to reionization 0.0544 0.0073 0.13 ln(As1010) Primordial amplitude of perturbation 3.044 0.014 0.007 ns Primordial Scalar spectral index 0.9649 0.0042 0.004 H0 Hubble parameter today 67.36 0.54 0.008 Ωm Total mater density 0.3153 0.0073 0.023 σ8 Mater perturbation amplitude 0.8111 0.0060 0.007

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Cosmology

Last PLANCK results III

Figure 23: Impact of effective number of neutrinos on H0

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Cosmology

Last PLANCK results IV

Figure 24: Measurement of the power spectrum index ns (defined as P(k) ∼ kns versus time. ns = 1 implies inflation but ns has to be lower than 1 to have a end to the inflation phase. This conclusion is very general and additional dependency of power spectrum can be checked, like nn(k) or addional ln(k) term

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Cosmology

Last PLANCK results V

Figure 25: Correlation between the effective number of neutrinos, the hubble constant and mater perturbation amplitude. Reducing the tension of H0 is possible by increasing Neff but then it degrades σ8

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Cosmology

Last PLANCK results VI

Figure 26: Weak lensing measurement on CMB photons based on four-point correlation function (ie angle-angle correlation function)

Presentation of internal anomalies and tension with other experiments, such as:

low part of the angular spectrum which is not understood (large angle correlations), so called lack of power issue

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Cosmology

Last PLANCK results VII

• dd-even asymmetry showing different structures for odd ℓ and even ℓ, which is

not expected in the current predictions.

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Cosmology

Primordial black holes I

plenary session - presentation Main ingredients

these are hypothetical objects with a formation at the early stage of the universe expension formed from a density or a metric curvature fluctuation. Assuming these fluctuations are gaussian, their rate and magnitude can be related to the PBH mass. exisiting constraints says that the density of PBH should be small, leading to some fine tuning of mater density fluctuation paramters LIGO/VIRGO detection of merging BH makes the detection of small PBH possible! Since the origin of super-massive BH (galactic center) is unknown, PBH could be a candidate - which would play a leading role in structure formation possible candidate for dark mater too.

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Cosmology

Primordial black holes II

Figure 27: Current exclusions of primordial black holes for different formation rates and masses

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Cosmology

Primordial black holes III

Figure 28: Schematics of masses of objects detected using gravitational waves, and an interesting whole at intermediate masses where primordial black hole could be

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Cosmology

New ideas in inflation I

plenary session - presentation

Figure 29: Analogy between particle physics and inflation: correlations functions drives microscopic behaviour of particle interactions that we see with detector, while they might generate original fluctuations that we can detect on earth

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Cosmology

New ideas in inflation II

Main ingredients

inflation explains how non-causally connected regions get correlated with primordial fluctuations and super fast expansion the talk presented a microscopic approach to explain primodial fluctuations based

• n (relatively) general assumption

particle physics formalism is used, in term of n-points correlation function (aka propagator in case of n = 2). structure of general 2-points correlation is fully fixed by symetry/locallity/unitarity : need to go beyong i.e. 3 and 4-points function Particle creation due to metric curvature (deSiter space in the inflationary phase) appears naturally from mathematical property of the correlation function (continuity)

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Cosmology

New ideas in inflation III

Figure 30: Basic principle of where these correlations functions manifest, and where do we measure them

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Cosmology

New ideas in inflation IV

Figure 31: Once analytical structure is studied, a nice paraellel can be done with EFT in particle physics, geting a more complete behaviour of primordial fluctuations structures

Main drawback of this approach is that predictions are quite blow current experimental sensitivities, but not without reach (with optimistic extrapolations)

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Conclusions

Conclusions

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Conclusions

Summary

No breaking news so for ! Interesting bunch of ideas in model building (EW scale or higher, neutrino, inflation, ...) Cosmology is really in a great phase right now (and just talking about Planck ...) Always increasing precision in pp collisions with (sometime) NNNLO ... but no experimental deviation so far!

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