NEW TECHNOLOGIES NEW APPLICATIONS NEW CHALLENGES Lyle Rawlings - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

SOLAR + STORAGE IN THE NORTHEAST NEW TECHNOLOGIES NEW APPLICATIONS NEW CHALLENGES Lyle Rawlings Advanced Solar Products Mid-Atlantic SEIA

September 10, 2017, Las Vegas, NV

DRIVERS FOR SOLAR+STORAGE

1. FERC Orders 755 & 784 require ISO’s to pay for performance in frequency regulation markets. Fast response assets (e.g., batteries) command higher prices. 2. PJM leads the way with its RegD market. ERCOT also a player. The PJM RegD market makes battery projects financeable. Solar+storage projects are advantageous (shared costs, FITC). 3. The post-Sandy environment in the Mid-Atlantic and Northeast states prioritizes community resiliency – emergency power for both traditional critical facilities and ordinary community resources. 4. As the concept of a true renewable energy transition gains momentum, the perceived need for storage will grow. As renewables achieve higher penetration, the need frequency regulation grows, then demand response, then generation shifting.

HOPEWELL, NJ HIGH SCHOOL

SOLAR + BATTERY HYBRID ENERGY SUPPLY FOR WARMING SHELTER AND KITCHEN PV SYSTEMS WITH BATTERY STORAGE:

PSE&G Solar 4 All Hopewell

FRANKLIN TOWNSHIP SCHOOL PV/BATTERY ENERGY SUPPLY FOR CRITICAL CLASSROOM LOADS

Batteries: EOS + Zinc-Hybrid Cathode

+ Aqueous, non-toxic and non- combustible + 12 stacks, 4 “layers” per stack, 12 battery modules per layer + Total energy, Gen 1: 1,000 KWH + Total energy, Gen 2: 2,000 KWH

Inverter:

AEG + 500 KW + Will provide microgrid function in parallel with PV and facility generator

Integration:

Siemens PV SYSTEMS WITH BATTERY STORAGE:

PSE&G Solar 4 Caldwell

Caldwell Sewage Treatment Facility

PSEG ATS

CALDWELL

ATS

XFMR SWITCH- GEAR BATTERY

INVERTER

PV ARRAY PV

COMBINER

AC

COMBINER

BATTERY PV

INVERTERS

Modes of Operation Overall Schematic

CALDWELL

Critical Loads

CALDWELL

Facility

CALDWELL

Generator To PSE&G pole

PSEG ATS

CALDWELL

ATS

XFMR SWITCH- GEAR BATTERY

INVERTER

PV ARRAY PV

COMBINER

AC

COMBINER

BATTERY PV

INVERTERS

Modes of Operation Normal

CALDWELL

Critical Loads

CALDWELL

Facility

CALDWELL

Generator To PSE&G pole

PSEG ATS

CALDWELL

ATS

XFMR SWITCH- GEAR BATTERY

INVERTER

PV ARRAY PV

COMBINER

AC

COMBINER

BATTERY PV

INVERTERS

Modes of Operation Standby

• 1. Inverter shuts down.
• 2. PSE&G ATS switches to standby loads.
• 3. Caldwell ATS switches to standby loads.
• 4. Generator starts.
• 5. Battery inverter starts in standby mode.
• 6. PV inverters start.
• 7. ESS, PV, and Generator support critical load.
• 8. When power is restored, ATS’s switch and

ESS & PV return to normal mode. CALDWELL

Critical Loads

CALDWELL

Facility

CALDWELL

Generator To PSE&G pole

Batteries: Tesla Gen 1

+ LiFePo + 6 Power Packs, 12 pods per + Total energy, Gen 1: 530 KWH PV SYSTEMS WITH BATTERY STORAGE:

PSE&G Solar 4 Pennington

Pennington Dept. of Public Works

Inverter:

Tesla Gen 1.0 (Dynapower) + 250 KW + Will provide microgrid function in parallel with PV, serving 100% of facility

POLICY CHALLENGES

PJM - re-interpretation of rules for ancillary service markets make behind the meter participation by solar+storage projects difficult or impossible. PJM – Even if the battery is separately connected directly to the grid normally, and

• nly connects to building through ATS during emergencies, batteries cannot

participate in ancillary services. BPU - rules making net metering and SREC generation difficult BPU – rules making solar and batteries with generation difficult (concern that generator power may be net metered) IRS – Participating in ancillary service markets (like frequency regulation) may making storage ineligible for ITC… Is storage generation?

POLICY CHALLENGES PJM - re-interpretation of rules for ancillary service markets make

behind the meter participation by solar+storage projects difficult or impossible.

PV SYSTEMS WITH BATTERY STORAGE:

TYPICAL SYSTEM LAYOUT AND FUNCTION INVERTER

BUILDING

BATTERIES PJM PV ARRAY

EMERGENCY LOADS

GENERATOR (optional)

MAIN PANEL

M

Grid Services (Reg. D) PV Power + SRECs ATS

UTILITY

Emerg. Power

PV SYSTEMS WITH BATTERY STORAGE:

WORK-AROUND INVERTER

BUILDING

BATTERIES PJM PV ARRAY

EMERGENCY LOADS

GENERATOR (optional)

MAIN PANEL

M

Grid Services (Reg. D) PV Power + SRECs ATS

UTILITY INVERTER

ATS

x

POLICY CHALLENGES

PJM – Even if the battery is separately connected directly to the grid

normally, and only connects to building through ATS during emergencies, batteries cannot participate in ancillary services.

OTHER CHALLENGES

High Costs

Batteries – cost coming down steadily Inverters – very high compared to PV inverters, but improving rapidly Integration – lots of customization, costs very high

• Approx. 1/3 – 1/3 – 1/3 split!

Immaturity

Software immature Reliability still poor, especially in islanded mode