NEW NEW SATELLITE ARCHITECTURES SATELLITE ARCHITECTURES for for - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

NEW NEW SATELLITE ARCHITECTURES SATELLITE ARCHITECTURES for for Quality Quality of Service

• f Service

in in the the Internet Internet

H.

• H. Nghia

Nghia PHAM PHAM ( (npham npham@ @eutelsat eutelsat. .fr fr) ) 8- 8-ième ième RENCONTRE INRIA-INDUSTRIE, RENCONTRE INRIA-INDUSTRIE, 26- 26-November November-98

• 98

NEW... not FUTURISTIC

EUTELSAT FLEET IN 2000

21.5° E 7° E 16° E 10° E EUTELSAT W3 EUTELSAT W1 EUTELSAT W2 13° E HOT BIRD 1 HOT BIRD 2 HOT BIRD 3 HOT BIRD 4 36° E HOT BIRD 5 SESAT 48° E EUTELSAT II EUTELSAT II EUTELSAT W4 EUTELSAT II EUTELSAT II 25.6° E 29° E EUROPESAT IB

PRECONCEIVED IDEAS PRECONCEIVED IDEAS CONCERNING SATELLITE CONCERNING SATELLITE

■ ■ Long

Long delay delay

■ ■ Error

Error-

• prone

prone

■ ■ Insufficient bandwidth

Insufficient bandwidth

■ ■ Broadcast centric

Broadcast centric

■ ■ Expensive

Expensive

RTT=250ms RTT=250ms EXCESSIVE DELAY? EXCESSIVE DELAY?

RTTavg RTTmax Yesterday (10:00PM) 686ms

• Last 7days

480ms 800ms Last 30days 450ms 960ms

RECORDED RESPONSE TIME IN EUROPE www.internettrafficreport.com

Error Error-

• prone

prone? ? WRONG! WRONG!

■ ■ In

In the early days the early days, satellite , satellite links were designed links were designed for BER<10 for BER<10-3

• 3 (

(without without FEC). FEC).

■ ■ Today they offer

Today they offer BER< 10 BER< 10-11

• 11

■ ■ HOW?

HOW? With the With the use of use of concatenated Viterbi concatenated Viterbi and and Reed Reed-

• Solomon FECs

Solomon FECs, , popularised by the popularised by the DVB standard DVB standard

■ ■ Integrity

Integrity of user data

• f user data is preserved even

is preserved even in in presence presence of a

• f a raw channel

raw channel BER of 2x10 BER of 2x10-2

• 2

■ ■ EUTELSAT 3rd

EUTELSAT 3rd generation generation satellite carry satellite carry high high power power amplifiers amplifiers (+100 Watts). (+100 Watts).

■ ■ Each transponder is

Each transponder is capable of 40 capable of 40 Mbit Mbit/s /s throughput throughput ( (using using DVB-S standard). DVB-S standard).

■ ■ Several

Several satellites satellites can be colocated at one can be colocated at one orbital

• rbital

position (100 position (100 transponders transponders/position). /position).

■ ■ A single

A single antenna with antenna with a dual- a dual-feed system can feed system can receive from two receive from two orbital positions

• rbital positions

■ ■ Advanced

Advanced modulation (8PSK TCM, 16 QAM) modulation (8PSK TCM, 16 QAM)

Not enough bandwidth Not enough bandwidth? ? WRONG! WRONG!

THE HOT BIRD PROGRAMME

5 CO-LOCATED SATELLITES: HOT BIRD 1 HOT BIRD 2 HOT BIRD 3 HOT BIRD 4 HOT BIRD 5 (replaces II-F1)

98 TRANSPONDERS ARE

AVAILABLE AT 13º East OCCUPYING THE FULL SPECTRUM FROM 10.70 TO12.75 GHz AND CAPABLE TO CARRY OVER 90 ANALOGUE CHANNELS OR UP TO 900 DIGITAL TV CHANNELS OR ANY COMBINATION OF THE TWO

HOT BIRD SERIES FREQUENCY PLAN

11.20 GHz 11.45 GHz 11.70 GHz 12.50 GHz 12.75 GHz X Y

10.71918/33 10.75754/33 10.79590/33 10.83426/33 10.87262/33 10.91098/33 10.94934/33 10.99216/36 11.03366/36 11.07516/36 11.11666/36 11.17908/72 11.24150/36 11.28300/36 11.32450/36 11.36600/36 11.40750/36 11.44900/36 11.49216/36 11.53366/36 11.58492/33 11.62328/33 11.66164/33 11.72748/33 11.76584/33 11.80420/33 11.84256/33 11.88092/33 11.91928/33 11.95764/33 11.99600/33 12.03436/33 12.07272/33 12.11108/33 12.14944/33 12.18780/33 12.22616/33 12.26452/33 12.30288/33 12.34124/33 12.37960/33 12.41796/33 12.46591/49.5 12.51984/33 12.55820/33 12.59656/33 12.63492/33 12.67328/33 12.71328/36 10.72713/46.5 10.77508/36 10.81508/33 10.85344/33 10.89180/33 10.93016/33 10.97141/36 10.01291/36 11.05441/36 11.09591/36 11.15833/72 11.22075/36 11.26225/36 11.30375/36 11.34525/36 11.38675/36 11.42825/36 11.47141/36 11.51291/36 11.56574/33 11.60410/33 11.64246/33 11.68082/33 11.74666/33 11.78502/33 11.82338/33 11.86174/33 11.90010/33 11.93846/33 11.97682/33 12.01518/33 12.05354/33 12.09190/33 12.13026/33 12.16862/33 12.20698/33 12.24534/33 12.28370/33 12.32206/33 12.36042/33 12.39878/33 12.43714/33 12.47550/33 12.53902/33 12.57738/33 12.61574/33 12.65410/33 12.69246/33 12.73082/33

10.70 GHz 10.95 GHz

14.25 GHz 12.75 GHz 13.00 GHz 13.25 GHz 14.00 GHz 14.50 GHz 13.75 GHz 17.30 GHz 18.10 GHz 18.40 GHz X Y

14.03836/33 14.07672/33 14.11508/33 14.15344/33 14.19180/33 14.23016/33 14.27141/36 14.31291/36 14.35441/36 14.39591/36 14.45833/72 14.01918/33 14.05754/33 14.09590/33 14.13426/33 14.17262/33 14.21098/33 14.25066/36 14.29216/36 14.33366/36 14.37516/36 14.43758/72

13.86574/33 13.90410/33 13.94246/33 13.98082/33 13.88492/33 13.92328/33 13.96328/36

18.11918/33 18.15754/33 18.19590/33 18.23426/33 18.27262/33 18.31098/33 18.34934/33 18.12713/46.5 18.17508/36 18.21508/33 18.25344/33 18.29180/33 18.33016/33

12.93709/36 12.97859/36 13.02009/36 13.06159/36 13.10309/36 13.14459/36 13.18775/36 13.22925/36 12.91634/36 12.95784/36 12.99934/36 13.04084/36 13.08234/36 13.12384/36 13.16700/36 13.20850/36

17.32748/33 17.36584/33 17.40420/33 17.44256/33 17.48092/33 17.51928/33 17.55764/33 17.59600/33 17.63436/33 17.67272/33 17.34666/33 17.38502/33 17.42338/33 17.46174/33 17.50010/33 17.53846/33 17.57682/33 17.61518/33 17.65354/33 17.69190/33

17.71108/33 17.74944/33 17.78780/33 17.82616/33 17.86452/33 17.90288/33 17.94124/33 17.97960/33 18.01796/33 18.06591/49.5 17.73026/33 17.76862/33 17.80698/33 17.84534/33 17.88370/33 17.92206/33 17.96042/33 17.99878/33 18.03714/33 18.07550/49.5

steerable skyplex

11.65833/72 11.59591/36 11.55441/36 11.65816/36 11.61666/36 11.57516/36

12.56291/36 12.52141/36 12.54216/36 12.58366/36

11.15833/72

10.07500/72

10.99167/72

11.15833/72 10.07500/72 10.99167/72

HB1 HB2 HB3 HB4 HB5 II-F1

5 satellites 5 satellites co co-

• located

located => 4 => 4 Gbit Gbit/s /s

Moscow 70cm Rome 50cm Tripoli 80cm Agadir 1m Cairo 1m Jeddha 1.2m Alma Ata 1.2m Delhi 2m 4.5m Addis Abhaba 3.4m Acoras 1.2m Reijkyavich 80cm Kartjoum 2.4m Stockholm 50cm Madrid 50cm Tel Aviv 80cm Dubai 80cm Tenerife 1m

Antenna Diameter for HOT BIRD 2/3/4/5 Digital Reception - 2/3 FEC

■ ■ QoS is

QoS is, , firstly firstly, , predictable behaviour predictable behaviour

■ ■ Increasing bandwidth at one

Increasing bandwidth at one point of point of the the network moves network moves (and (and worsen worsen) congestion ) congestion elsewhere elsewhere. .

■ ■ Let’s not create

Let’s not create a a World Wide Waste from World Wide Waste from (or (or

• n top of) a
• n top of) a World Wide Wait

World Wide Wait ! !

■ ■ Flexible

Flexible routing is routing is a a key key

INCREASING SPEED ALONE IS NOT INCREASING SPEED ALONE IS NOT A REMEDY TO CONGESTION A REMEDY TO CONGESTION

INTERNET VIA SATELLITE INTERNET VIA SATELLITE (BASIC PRINCIPLE) (BASIC PRINCIPLE)

INTERNET Low-speed connectivity High High-

• speed

speed DIRECT DIRECT to to User(s) User(s)

Broadcast Service Provider

Broadcast Delivery Media (Satellite or Satellite + Cable)

Interactive Service Provider

Interaction Network Any of: PSTN, ISDN, DECT, GSM,SMATV, UMTS?, ATM?, Ka-SAT? Set-Top-Box

• r PC

Broadcast Interface Interactive Interface(s)

DVB DVB Generic Generic Model of Model of Multimedia Multimedia Delivery System Delivery System

“Point-Of-Presence” IP IP DVB IP

Broadcast Service Provider Interactive Service Provider (as Proxy)

Centralised Approach Centralised Approach

Content Provider Content Provider Content Provider Content Provider

Congestion-free Backbone (if ever exists!) DVB IP IP IP IP IP IP

Broadcast Service Provider #1 Interactive Service Provider

De- De-Centralised Approach Centralised Approach

Content Provider #1.1 Content Provider #2.1 Broadcast Service Provider #2 Content Provider #1.2

The Internet with Dynamic Shortest-Path Routing DVB DVB IP IP IP IP IP

Skyplex Skyplex concept concept

Consumer IRDs DVB-S Downlink On Board Processing

• f MPEG2/DVB

Independent Uplinks SCPC

• r

TDMA

• Downlink

Downlink compatible compatible with with consumer consumer receivers receivers

• Uplink with small

Uplink with small transmit transmit stations (6 stations (6 Mbps Mbps or 2

• r 2 Mbps

Mbps) )

• Multiple

Multiple feed networking feed networking

• TDMA

TDMA increase flexibility increase flexibility

• Decentralised control

Decentralised control

SKYPLEX ADVANTAGE SKYPLEX ADVANTAGE

MIXED STAR AND MESH MIXED STAR AND MESH

• Star

Star broadcast networks broadcast networks: :

• Transmit
• Transmit with

with 1.8 1.8 meter dish meter dish

• Receive with

Receive with 60 cm 60 cm dish dish

• Meshed network

Meshed network: Transmit and : Transmit and receive with receive with 1.8 1.8 meter dishes meter dishes

A A typical low typical low-

• cost

cost, 6 , 6 Mbps Mbps SKYPLEX SKYPLEX uplink uplink

1.8 m 1.8 m reflector reflector 40 W SSPA 40 W SSPA

HEADER HEADER 4 BYTES 184 BYTES TS PAYLOAD TS PAYLOAD 47 HEX

Generic Generic MPEG2 Transport MPEG2 Transport Stream packet Stream packet structure structure

PID: Packet ID 13 bits =8192 IDs

NETWORKING ON TOP OF NETWORKING ON TOP OF DVB/MPEG2 DVB/MPEG2

■ ■ Each uplink

Each uplink station ( station (feed feed) ) is allocated is allocated a a range of range of PIDs PIDs

■ ■ Receivers select from the downlink which

Receivers select from the downlink which PIDs they want to listen to PIDs they want to listen to

■ ■ PIDs

PIDs are are therefore therefore a a kind kind of MAC

• f MAC address

address for for feeds feeds

Typical Skyplex uplink frequency Typical Skyplex uplink frequency plan plan

6 FEEDS 8 FEEDS

• Instead

Instead of

• f transmitting

transmitting continuously continuously, , feeds feeds transmit in transmit in burst burst

• Several feeds

Several feeds transmit on transmit on the same the same frequency with frequency with non- non-overlapping

• verlapping

burst burst. .

What is What is TDMA ? TDMA ?

• Greater number

Greater number of

• f uplink

uplink stations stations without increasing number without increasing number of

• f

demodulators onboard demodulators onboard

• Flexible

Flexible resource resource allocation allocation

• Finer

Finer bit rate bit rate granularity granularity

Why Why TDMA ? TDMA ?

1 2 48 1 1 Frame= 48 DVB packets 1 2 N

. . . . . . . .

N = K time slots (K=2,3,4 or 6) 1 time slot = Guard time + Preamble + N contiguous packets Preamble

Skyplex Skyplex TDMA TDMA frame frame

Guard time N=48/K = 11 ms for 6Mbs or 34 ms for 2 Mbps

Satellite- Satellite-Priority Routing Priority Routing: : forward the packet to nearest forward the packet to nearest satellite satellite feed found feed found

• Feeds to

Feeds to serve serve thousands thousands of

• f receivers

receivers

• Receivers to listen to tens

Receivers to listen to tens of

• f feeds

feeds simultaneously simultaneously

• Feeds can establish bidirectional links

Feeds can establish bidirectional links between themselves between themselves ( (mirroring mirroring of caches)

• f caches)
• Feeds may cooperatively share

Feeds may cooperatively share satellite satellite bandwidth bandwidth

• Receivers may

Receivers may hop hop from one transponder from one transponder to another to another

IMPLICATIONS OF NEW IMPLICATIONS OF NEW ARCHITECTURE ARCHITECTURE

• www

www. .eutelsat eutelsat. .org

• rg
• skyplex

skyplex@ @eutelsat eutelsat. .fr fr

• www

www. .lyngesat lyngesat. .com com

• multimedia

multimedia@ @eutelsat eutelsat. .fr fr

• www

www. .inria inria. .fr fr/ /rodeo rodeo/ /udlr udlr

• www

www. .ietf ietf. .org

• rg/charters.

/charters.html html

Pointers: Pointers:

HOT BIRD 2,3,4 & 5 WIDEBEAM HOT BIRD 2,3,4 & 5 WIDEBEAM COVERAGE ( COVERAGE (Guaranteed Guaranteed) )

EIRP DIAM. 50 dBW 0.65m 44 dBW 1.2m 40 dBW 1.8m

EUTELSAT W3 at 7° East

44 dBW 40 dBW 48 dBW 46 dBW

• 3 dB/K

0 dB/K +2 dB/K + 4 dB/K

Fixed Beam

HOT BIRD PENETRATION HOT BIRD PENETRATION

30,3 12,3 80,8 60,1 34,4 15,8 86,9 64,1 36,3 18,3 95,2 70,6 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 1996 1997 1998 total DTH/SMATV HOT BIRD DTH/SMATV Total Satellite HOT BIRD Total

Millions Households