Ndwakhulu Mukhufhi CEO Outline of Talk Africa Continent of Wonders - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Ndwakhulu Mukhufhi CEO

Outline of Talk

Africa Continent of Wonders (+ve & ‐ve) Challenges in Emerging Economies The Intra‐African System of Metrology The CIPM MRA in Africa What is Needed to grow Metrology?

Africa is a Continent of Wonders… The biggest man made lake (by surface area) in the World

*www.cmich.edu/images, **www.intute.ac.uk/worldguide/satellite

Africa, the continent of Wonders

Spectacular temples and monuments, thousands of years old

www.wayfaring.info

Africa, the continent of Wonders

The most spectacular wild migration…

www.serengeti.org

“I've seen the moving migrating wild animals blanketing the African landscape as far as my eye could see”.

Africa, the continent of Wonders

The bulk of the World’s platinum, gold, diamonds and many other minerals

http://maps.grida.no/go/graphic/sub‐saharan‐africa‐mineral‐resources‐and‐political‐instability

• 90% of platinum metals
• 60% of diamonds
• 50% of gold
• ALL other minerals

Africa, the continent of Wonders

Africa the World of Wonders

The wealth map of the world

It is the World’s poorest continent, 25 of its nations ranks amongst the least developed in the world

http://maps.grida.no/go/graphic/sub‐saharan‐africa‐mineral‐resources‐and‐political‐instability

Africa, the continent of Wonders

But there is hope!

www.uneca.org; Economic Report on Africa 2009

"For the first time in about almost 30 years we've seen a large number of African countries that have begun to show sustained economic growth at rates that are similar to those in the rest of the developing world and actually today exceed the rate of growth in most of the advanced economies“

Donald Page, chief economist for Africa, World bank

Africa, the continent of Wonders

• Africa’s economy relies on agriculture, minerals/metals and oil
• Agriculture; Cocoa, coffee, sesame, cassava, nuts, honey,

cotton, fruits and vegetables, spices, flowers and plants, wood, essential oils, seafood and gastropods

• Minerals/metals; gold, platinum, diamonds, copper, coal and

most other metals

• Oil and natural gas
• Manufacturing; mostly SA, Kenya, Egypt, Morocco, Tunisia

Challenges in Emerging Economies in Africa

• Oil and natural gas
• Accounts for 13% of world production
• Expected to rise to 30%
• Most exported as crude oil, little benefit to populace

www.energyinsights.net/cgi‐script/csArticles/articles/

Challenges in Emerging Economies in Africa

• Minerals and Metals
• Produces more than 60 metal and mineral products
• Host 30% of world’s major metals
• 90% of worlds PGM reserves
• Little beneficiation

www.energyinsights.net/cgi‐script/csArticles/articles/

Challenges in Emerging Economies in Africa

• Intra trade SADC‐EAC‐COMESA

Challenges in Emerging Economies in Africa

http://image.slidesharecdn.com/6intra‐africatradeabebeabebayehu‐131115083148‐phpapp01/95/egk13‐ intra‐africa‐trade‐abebe‐abebayehu‐3‐638.jpg?cb=1384525955

In 2013 African exports decreased with 6%. The top trading partner regions for Africa are still the European Union, Asia and the United States Intra‐trade among African Countries is very low estimated at around 12%

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Intra‐trade among EU members is about 70%

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Trade among Asian countries is around 52%

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Intra‐trade for North American countries is 50%

Quality infrastructure in Africa is needed for:

a) Capacity Development of relevant bodies in standardisation, measurement, conformity assessment and accreditation in a more unified way; b) Enhancement of consumer protection and improvement of living standards of the citizens of Africa in line with MDGs; c) Support of African technical regulatory framework with a view to removing unnecessary technical barriers to trade; d) A common quality policy and quality infrastructure will be realized at a continental level to facilitate economic integration of Africa; e) Cost effective standards, measurement, conformity assessment and accreditation services in Africa will be realized; f) It will provide a platform for the participation of African countries in quality infrastructure activities and exchange of knowledge in the fields of interest to boost inter-Africa and intra- African industrialization and trade; g) Fast tracking the adoption and implementation of common policies on measurement, standardization, conformity assessment and accreditation among Member States to promote industrialisation and trade in Africa; h) Harmonization of Regional Economic Community standards and conformity assessment procedures as well as accreditation to enhance market access and global trade around the WTO procedures;

http://www.paqi.org/

Customs problems – some artefacts stuck in customs for nearly 6 months

www.energyinsights.net/cgi‐script/csArticles/articles/

Challenges for Metrology in Emerging Economies in Africa

Travel difficult –not all countries connected by air

Source: Kai Krause, Public Domain/Creative Commons

Africa is not a country But a BIG CONTINENT

AFRIMETS was officially accepted as a RMO by the CIPM in October 2008

1999‐2008 (SADCMET) 2008‐ (AFRIMETS)

Infrastructure Development Strategy

The creation of metrology infrastructure in AFRIMETS is grouped into three main categories

• Continental: High‐level capabilities at CMC level

NMIs

• Regional:

Medium‐level capabilities, Leading regional capabilities

• National:

Fit‐for‐ purpose capabilities per country

A tailor made Strategy for each Sub‐RMO

Metrology Strategy

Implemented at 2 distinct levels;

• Strengthen the AFRIMETS

Institution

• Strengthen Leading NMIs and LMIs

and shorten the Traceability Chain

• Provide the link to the Int

measurement system

International acceptance

International Trade (RMO level)

• Develop basic LM and Industrial M

in SRMO members

• Strengthen the SRMO institution
• Develop leading LMI/NMIs to

provide the link to the RMO

Basic Capabilities

Intra‐trade (SRMO level)

Skills Development Strategy

Strategy:

• Pan‐African events, Metrology schools, database of trainers;
• Develop the AFRIMETS website as a database of SQMT documents;
• Develop e‐training modules;
• Attachment programme, experts to institutes, scholarships and mentoring;
• Training of African Metrologists at other NMIs and the BIPM

Metrology Schools (Every 2‐3 Years)

Physical Quantities (Every 4‐5 Years) TC‐Mass workshop TC‐Electrical workshop, etc MiC (Every 4‐5 Years) TC‐Organic, Bio, Gas, micro, etc.

the members (2012)

Associate Members (7)

• LNE, France
• PTB, Germany
• NIRPS (National Institute of

Radiation Protection and Research (Nigeria)

• GRPI (Ghana Radiation Protection Institute)
• TAEC (Tanzania Atomic Energy Commission)
• Madagascar-INSTN
• IAEA
• Sudanese nuclear agency
• Arab Gulf countries invited to participate

Observers (4)

• EURAMET, APMP
• CAFMET (Comité Africain de Métrologie)
• AFM (Arab Federation for Metrology)
• AFSEC (African Electrotechnical Standardization

Commission)

Ordinary Members

• The Gambia
• Sierra Leone

the members (2011)

• Awareness creation
• The creation of RMOs is arguably the biggest benefit / success of the CIPM

MRA

• “Marketing” of the CIPM MRA in Africa had a positive influence on
• governments. For example the Kenyan government approved funding for

metrology in Chemistry and biochemistry shortly after a CIPM MRA workshop in Kenya

• Development of Measurement capability
• The information flow from the JCRB and CCs to the RMO TCs greatly assists

in the identification of measurement gaps in national metrology systems and the development of measurement capabilities

Impact of the CIPM MRA

• Total Quality Management Systems
• The requirements of the CIPM MRA for a Quality system in support of CMCs

greatly increased the focus on the implementation of quality systems based

• n ISO 17025 and related standards/guides in African NMIs
• Harmonisation between Regions
• Before the CIPM MRA very little harmonisation of procedures etc. exists

between the different regions in the world. The JCRB introduced harmonisation of the review of Quality Systems, etc.

Impact of the CIPM MRA

Infrastructure Development Strategy

• KCDB
• The KCDB Appendix C provided an internationally accessible repository of

the calibration and measurement capabilities of NMIs, as well as of higher

• rder CRMs. Before 1999, no such comprehensive repository existed
• Visibility to clients (accreditors, assessors, regional NMIs seeking calibration,

etc.)

• Appendix C greatly improved the visibility of the capabilities and services of

the NMIs, both to laboratories and NMIs seeking calibration and to assessors conducting assessments

Infrastructure Development Strategy

• Marketing of the services of NMIs
• Appendix C is in essence an international marketing tool for NMIs database

Harmonisation between Regions

• Acceptance of country measurement capabilities
• The KCDB made it easier to identify calibration capabilities of other NMIs

and with the ILAC agreement, creates a system whereby the calibration certificates and certificates of analysis can be accepted amongst trading partners in sub‐regions

Members of the BIPM and Associates of the CGPM

AFRIMETS Members/Associates/CIPM MRA

Member Country Members of the BIPM Associates

• f the

CGPM Signatories to CIPM MRA

Egypt X X South Africa X X Kenya X X Tunisia X X Botswana X X Ghana X X Mauritius X X Namibia X X Seychelles X X Zambia X X Zimbabwe X X

Metrology Institute Categorisation

2007 2014

 High Level (participating in the CIPM MRA) Metrology facilities  Legal Metrology and Industrial and Scientific Metrology facilities  Legal Metrology and establishing Scientific metrology facilities  Only Legal or no Metrology facilities

Metrology Institute Categorisation

Legal Metrology Categorisation

2007 2014

Scientific Metrology Categorisation

2007 2014

• The CIPM MRA had a positive effect on the development
• f metrology in Africa
• More training is needed in Scientific Metrology
• Scientific Metrology can assist the continent to move up

the value chain: from importer to exporter

• The assistance of the BIPM and other NMIs to assist with

the development of Metrologists in Emerging Economies is crucial

Conclusion

• Welcomes the Visitor programme at BIPM and trust that
• ther NMIs will also realise the benefit to Emerging

Economies the proposed BIPM Visitor Programme and hopes the major countries will recognise there is also value to them through strengthening the RMOs.

Conclusion