Multimessenger Study of the Universe Roger Blandford KIPAC - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

6 iv 2016 APPEC

Multimessenger Study

• f the

Universe

Roger Blandford KIPAC Stanford

1

(A personal perspective)

APPEC “Messengers”

• Gamma Rays
• VHE Neutrinos
• Cosmic Rays
• Gravitational Radiation
• Also:

– Radio through X-ray observations – Laboratory experiments

6 iv 2016 APPEC 2

The most interesting science is seriously entangled Optimizing the international program is a challenge

6 iv 2016 APPEC

140 o

• ctaves t

to e exp xplore re

Electromagnetic Dark Matter? Cosmic Rays (protons and electrons) Neutrinos

VERITAS/H.E.S.S. Fermi Auger LIGO Ice Cube CDMS LIGO

Gravitational Radiation Energy, frequency Wavelength

• 1 ZeV

1zeV +YeV, XeV!

3

Interfacial Questions

• Is Λ sufficient?
• Is (classical) GR correct?
• DM?
• ν physics (mν, M/D, δCP, ??)
• Inflation-LSS
• Nuclear EOS
• CR sources, physics
• VHE ν sources
• GW sources, background
• FRB and new optical transients

6 iv 2016 APPEC 4

Interfacial Questions

• Is Λ sufficient? R-γ
• Is (classical) GR correct? R,GW, lab
• DM? lab, DDM, axions, γ,

, GW

• ν physics (mν, M/D, δCP, ??) lab,VHEν,
• Inflation-LSS, CMB, O,R
• Nuclear EOS, GW, X,R
• CR sources, physics, CR, R,X,γ
• VHE ν sources, VHEν,

, R-γ

• GW sources, background, GW, R-γ
• FRB and new optical transients R-γ,

, GW

6 iv 2016 APPEC 5

Many problems need many coordinated approaches

Physics vs Astronomy

• Experiment vs Observation
• Experimentalist vs Observer
• Facility vs Observatory
• National vs Extranational
• Exclusive vs Inclusive
• Particles vs Sources
• Measurement vs Discovery
• Collectivist vs Individualist
• Hedgehogs vs Foxes

6 iv 2016 APPEC 6

Physics vs Astronomy

• Experiment vs Observation LIGO vs GONG
• Experimentalist vs Observer CTA vs Planck
• Facility vs Observatory DES vs LSST
• National vs Extranational CERN vs CHIME
• Exclusive vs Inclusive IceCube vs ROSAT
• Particles vs Sources Auger vs Fermi
• Measurement vs Discovery Neutrinos vs pulsars
• Collectivist vs Individualist Strings vs Comp Astro
• Hedgehogs vs Foxes LHC vs dust

6 iv 2016 APPEC 7

Methodologies may be converging

Major discoveries were “unscripted”

• CMB – antenna noise
• Quasars (massive BH) – radio source identifications
• Stellar BHs – X-ray source identifications
• Massive and mutable ν’s – checking solar model
• Neutron stars – lunar X-rays
• Pulsars – interplanetary scintillation
• Gamma ray bursts – nuclear weapons monitoring
• Dark matter – galactic and stellar orbits
• Cosmic acceleration – supernova explosions
• Gravitational lenses – quasar follow up
• Gravitational radiation – pulsar timing
• Exoplanets – brown dwarfs

6 iv 2016 APPEC 8

Discoveries at interfaces; stovepiping is futile

Central Paradox of Strategic Planning

• October 2014 - April 2015 (APS):

– Planck results->standard model (wnfnlΩkmν…), dusty B-modes – 8 “habitable??” exoplanets->life in the universe??? – 9 new dwarf galaxies -> dark matter limits – ~1010 Msun black hole at z=6->cosmic dawn – Gravitational lenses - SN, ALMA-> pre-SN, substructure – M82 neutron star with L~100 Ledd->accretion physics – PD456 outflows->environmental impact, galaxy formation – FRBs 40% circ pol->new transients 10-100mHz – IceCube neutrinos -> cosmological origin? – …

6 iv 2016 APPEC 9

By contrast we are making science plans for 2030s

Discovery

• Affirmation

– Higgs, SM, GR, FΛCDM…

• Surprise

– LIGO BHB, DM, Λ, mν,…

• Mystery

– FRB, PeV ν,…

6 iv 2016 APPEC 10

What may be most remarkable is how much mystery has moved up

Multimessenger Research

• Surveys, catalogs, data-mining

– Control biases, heterogeneous sources

• Source identifications

– Positionally consistent, temporal associations

• Rapid follow up; large field of view
• Foregrounds/backgrounds

– Absorption, dust, lensing

• Beaming

– Relativistic aberration, anisotropic sources

6 iv 2016 APPEC 11

Will large N suffice? Will there be orphans?

Summary

• Most interesting science is now entangled
• Many approaches have to be coordinated
• Physics and astronomy methodologies converging
• Discoveries faster than facilities
• Discoveries happen at interfaces
• Much progress: mystery->surprise->affirmation
• Will large N suffice? Will there be orphans?
• New alignments mandate new management

– Collaboration, cooperation, competition – Coordination, contingency, confidence

• Education, re-education

6 iv 2016 APPEC 12