SLIDE 1
MITIGATIONS
Source + Transport Mechanism = Contaminants in Water
+
Rain
= Losses to Water
Fertilizer
MITIGATION OPTIONS AgResearch Invermay Richard Muirhead Ross Monaghan - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
MITIGATION OPTIONS AgResearch Invermay Richard Muirhead Ross Monaghan - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
MITIGATION OPTIONS AgResearch Invermay Richard Muirhead Ross Monaghan MITIGATIONS Source + Transport Mechanism = Contaminants in Water Fertilizer Rain + = Losses to Water HYDROLOGY 101 Rain Contaminant sources Overland flow Infiltration
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HYDROLOGY 101
Subsurface flow
Rain Release of dissolved contaminants Contaminant sources Erosion of particulates Deposition
Overland flow
Infiltration excess Effective depth
- f interaction
Infiltration & saturation excess
- verland flow
Ground water Percolation (leaching) Drainage
Variable source area
Mole network
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SELECTING APPROPRIATE MITIGATION OPTIONS
Value Mitigation Contaminant Attribute Swimming Stream fencing
- E. coli
Health Risk Swimming Stream fencing Sediment Clarity Fishing Farm dairy effluent Ammonia Fish health
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CALCULATING THE EFFECTIVENESS OF MULTIPLE MITIGATION OPTIONS
Farm Dairy Effluent (FDE) –
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EFFLUENT – TRAVELLING IRRIGATORS
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600 mm 450 mm Gravel backfill Trench soil Intercepting pipe drain Mole drain Macropores
EFFLUENT LEAKAGE THROUGH DRAINS
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IMPROVED DAIRY EFFLUENT MGMT
Low rate applicators
- Low application rate and low depth
- Filtration effect
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CALCULATING THE EFFECTIVENESS OF MULTIPLE MITIGATION OPTIONS
Farm Dairy Effluent (FDE) – 9% reduction in N Off paddock wintering system –
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CALCULATING THE EFFECTIVENESS OF MULTIPLE MITIGATION OPTIONS
Farm Dairy Effluent (FDE) – 9% reduction in N Off paddock wintering system – 30 % reduction in N But both < 39% Environmental models – such as OVERSEER – take all of these factors into account
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