MIMAC MIcro-tpc MAtrix of Chambers A Large TPC for Directional Dark Matter detection Daniel Santos Laboratoire de Physique Subatomique et de Cosmologie (LPSC-Grenoble) (UJF Grenoble 1 -CNRS/IN2P3-INPG)
MIMAC (MIcro-tpc MAtrix of Chambers ) (France) LPSC (Grenoble) : D. Santos, F.Naraghi C.Couturier (post-doc), N. Sauzet - Technical Coordination, Gas circulation and detectors : O. Guillaudin - Electronics : G. Bosson, J. Bouvier, J.L. Bouly, L.Gallin-Martel, F. Rarbi - Data Acquisition: T. Descombes - Mechanical Structure : Ch. Fourel, J. Giraud - COMIMAC (quenching) : J-F. Muraz IRFU (Saclay): P. Colas, E. Ferrer-Ribas, I. Giomataris CCPM (Marseille): J. Busto, D. Fouchez, C. Tao (Tsinghua (China)) Tsinghua (China): C. Tao, N. Zhou Neutron facility (AMANDE) : IRSN (Cadarache): L. Lebreton, D. Maire (Ph. D.) D. Santos (LPSC Grenoble) FCPPL- March 31, 2016 - Strasbourg (France)
At the galaxy cluster scale… (1E0657-558) Z= 0.296 Total mass profiles Baryonic Matter Non-baryonic matter is 6 times more important than baryonic one … D. Santos (LPSC Grenoble) FCPPL- March 31, 2016 - Strasbourg (France)
Directional detection : principle Cygnus <V rot > ~ 220 km/s « A wind of WIMPS coming from the Cygnus constellation » The signature able to correlate the events found to the galactic halo ! D. Santos (LPSC Grenoble) FCPPL- March 31, 2016 - Strasbourg (France)
D. Santos (LPSC Grenoble) FCPPL- March 31, 2016 - Strasbourg (France)
c) Distribution spatiales des reculs Z W Z G Recoil θ R Y W ϕ R b W Y G l W X W X G Map of recoils in galactic coordinates (HealPix) 10 8 Events with E R = [5,50] keV • Collision isotrope dans le CDM: D. Santos (LPSC Grenoble) FCPPL- March 31, 2016 - Strasbourg (France)
100 WIMP evts + 100 Background evts a) Simulation d’une mesure réaliste Méthode de vraisemblance Background Wimp recoils D. Santos (LPSC Grenoble) FCPPL- March 31, 2016 - Strasbourg (France)
Running in an Underground Laboratory
TPC directional detectors DRIFT MIMAC NEWAGE DMTPC Boulby Modane Kamioka SNOLAB 73%CS2 70%CF4 Gas mix +25%CF4 +28%CHF3 CF4 CF4 +2%O2 +2%C4H10 Current volume 800 L 6 L 37 L 1000 L Drift ion, 50 cm e − , 25 cm e − , 41 cm e − , 27 cm Threshold 20 2 50 20 (keV) Multi-Wire micro-pixel Proportional chamber Readout Micromegas CCD Counters +GEM Adapted from Mayet et al. [arXiv:1602.03781] D. Santos (LPSC Grenoble) FCPPL- March 31, 2016 - Strasbourg (France)
MIMAC: Detection strategy E~ 200 V/cm Drifting properties: V ≈ 20 µ m/ns E~ 30 kV/cm Scheme of a MIMAC µ TPC Evolution of the collected charges on the anode Measurement of the ionization energy: Charge integrator connected to the mesh coupled to a FADC sampled at 50 MHz D. Santos (LPSC Grenoble) FCPPL- March 31, 2016 - Strasbourg (France)
The MIMAC project A low pressure multi-chamber detector • Energy and 3D Track measurements • Matrix of chambers (correlation) • µ TPC : Micromegas technology • CF 4, CHF 3 , and 1 H : σ (A) dependancy Bi-chamber module 2 x (10.8x 10.8x 25 cm 3 ) • Axial and scalar weak interaction • Directionnal detector Strategy: • Directional direct detection • Energy (Ionization) AND 3D-Track of the recoil nuclei • Prove that the signal “comes from Cygnus ” D. Santos (LPSC Grenoble) FCPPL- March 31, 2016 - Strasbourg (France)
MIMAC experiment MIMAC-bi-chamber module prototype Light WIMP mass • MIMAC Target : Axial coupling •
MIMAC (bi-chamber module)at Modane Underground Laboratory (France) since June 22 nd 2012. Upgraded in June 2013, and in June 2014. -working at 50 mbar (CF 4 +28% CHF 3 + 2% C 4 H 10 ) - in a permanent circulating mode - Remote controlled and commanded - Calibration control twice per week Many thanks to LSM staff D. Santos (LPSC Grenoble) FCPPL- March 31, 2016 - Strasbourg (France)
Detector calibration Calibration : (once a week) 500 Count Cd Fe X-ray generator producing fluorescence 400 Cu Cr photons from Cd, Fe, Cu foils. 300 Threshold ~ 1 keV 200 Circulation system: Cu 100 Excelent Gain stability in time 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 E ioni a [keV/ADC-Channel] [keV] 14 0.015 Energy 12 [keV] Ch. 1 Cu Cu 10 Ch. 2 0.01 8 Fe Cr 6 0.005 Cd 4 2 0 0 02/07/13 31/08/13 31/10/13 0 100 200 300 400 500 600 D. Santos (LPSC Grenoble) FCPPL- March 31, 2016 - Strasbourg (France) Date ADC Channel
Ioniza9on ¡Quenching ¡Factor ¡for ¡Fluorine ¡ ¡ in ¡pure ¡CF4 ¡at ¡50 ¡mbar ¡ ¡ 0,900 ¡ ¡ 0,800 ¡ 0,700 ¡ Fluorine ¡in ¡ CF4 ¡at ¡50 ¡ Quenching ¡Factor ¡ 0,600 ¡ mbar ¡ 0,500 ¡ 0,400 ¡ He ¡in ¡He ¡+ ¡ 5% ¡C4H10 ¡at ¡ 0,300 ¡ 350 ¡mbar ¡ 0,200 ¡ 0,100 ¡ 0,000 ¡ 0 ¡ 10 ¡ 20 ¡ 30 ¡ 40 ¡ 50 ¡ 60 ¡ Recoil ¡Energy ¡(keV) ¡
Radon Progeny Radon progeny recoil signatures 222 Rn chain: 222 Rn 218 Po • 4 -decays (3.8 days) (3.1 min) Electron event (background) • 4 -decays 214 Pb -particle emission: (26.8 min) Saturation 214 Bi (19.8 min) Daughter nucleus recoil 214 Po (surface event): (0.2 ms) 210 Pb (22 years) 210 Bi (5.01 days) 210 Po (138 days) Simulation (SRIM) 206 Pb (stable)
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RPR: « In coincidence » events Ch. 1 Ch. 2 Chamber coincidences: 214 Pb 218 Po 3D tracks from nuclear recoil of radon progeny detection D. Santos (LPSC Grenoble) FCPPL- March 31, 2016 - Strasbourg (France)
First detection of 3D tracks of Rn progeny Nuclear recoil spectra Electron/recoil discrimination Mesure: { First measurement of 3D nuclear-recoil tracks coming from radon progeny MIMAC detection strategy validation
RPR events occur at different positions in the detector… Mean Projected Diffusion as RPR event position identification « Anode » event Mean Projected Diffusion: e d o h t a C Anode
First controlled Fluorine tracks, using COMIMAC For more info on COMIMAC: Muraz et al. (submitted to NIM A) D. Santos (LPSC Grenoble) FCPPL- March 31, 2016 - Strasbourg (France)
COMIMAC: first measurements on controlled tracks of Fluorine 25 keV (kinetic) Fluorine à ~ 9 keVee ionization hAnode hAnode hZX hZX hZY hZY 6 6 Y [stripe #] X [stripe #] Y [stripe #] Entries 320 Entries 320 Entries Entries 320 320 Entries Entries 320 320 136 136 136 X/Time projection Y/Time projection 12 Anode projection Mean x Mean x 128.8 128.8 Mean x Mean x 14.43 14.43 Mean x Mean x 14.35 14.35 Mean y Mean y 129.2 129.2 Mean y Mean y 128.8 128.8 Mean y Mean y 129.2 129.2 134 134 134 5 5 RMS x 1.625 RMS x 1.625 RMS x 3.057 RMS x 3.057 RMS x 3.014 RMS x 3.014 2.5 mm 2.5 mm RMS y 1.486 RMS y 1.486 10 RMS y 1.623 RMS y 1.623 RMS y 1.486 RMS y 1.486 132 132 132 4 4 130 8 130 130 128 128 128 3 3 6 126 126 126 2 2 4 124 124 124 2.5 6 mm 122 122 1 122 1 2 mm 120 120 120 0 0 0 120 122 124 126 128 130 132 134 136 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 X [stripe #] Time [timeslice #] Time [timeslice #] D. Santos (LPSC Grenoble) FCPPL- March 31, 2016 - Strasbourg (France)
COMIMAC: first controlled tracks of 19 F 25 keV kinetic à 9 keVee 8 keV kinetic à 2 keVee hTimeslice hTimeslice Count Entries 12227 3500 Mean 10.04 3.962 RMS 3000 2500 2000 1500 1000 500 0 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 # timeslices 8 timeslices 12 timeslices * 20 ns/timeslices * 20 ns/timeslices * 23.5 µ m/ns * 23.5 µ m/ns = 3.8 mm = 5.8 mm D. Santos (LPSC Grenoble) FCPPL- March 31, 2016 - Strasbourg (France) Couturier et al. (in preparation)
COMIMAC: first measurements on controlled tracks of Fluorine • Angular resolution • Track length 6 Track length (mm) Angular resolution (deg) PRELIMINARY 28 5 26 24 4 22 20 3 18 2 16 14 1 PRELIMINARY 12 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Ionization energy (keV) Ionization energy (keV) Couturier et al. (in preparation) FCPPL- March 31, 2016 - Strasbourg (France) D. Santos (LPSC Grenoble)
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