Microwave Heating Pattern Beamforming Using Cylindrical Phased-Array - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Microwave Heating Pattern Beamforming Using Cylindrical Phased-Array of Antennas

Adriana P´ erez Garc´ ıa 1 Jos´ e Luis G´

• mez Tornero 2

Juan Monz´

• Cabrera 3

1Telecommunication Engineering Student(UPCT) 2Information and Communication

Technology Department (UPCT) 3General Director of Universities in Murcia

28 July 2016

• A. P´

erez, J.L. Tornero, J. Monz´

• (UPCT)

3GCMEA Cartagena(Spain),25-29 July 1 / 25

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Content

1

Introduction

2

Proposed System Cylindrical Microwave Oven with Cylindrical Sample Coaxial Monopole Antenna S parameters Simulation Structure

3

Results A single antenna Combination of Antennas

4

Conclusions

5

References

• A. P´

erez, J.L. Tornero, J. Monz´

• (UPCT)

3GCMEA Cartagena(Spain),25-29 July 2 / 25

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Introduction

1

Introduction

2

Proposed System Cylindrical Microwave Oven with Cylindrical Sample Coaxial Monopole Antenna S parameters Simulation Structure

3

Results A single antenna Combination of Antennas

4

Conclusions

5

References

• A. P´

erez, J.L. Tornero, J. Monz´

• (UPCT)

3GCMEA Cartagena(Spain),25-29 July 3 / 25

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Introduction

Synthesis of heating patters is still a challenging objetive. Uniform heating or the creation of heating patterns is a desirable capability of any modern microwave heating system.[8] Phased-Array of Antennas has been proposed to synthesize near-field focused patterns by exciting each radiator amplitude and phase.[2]-[3] Leaky-wave antennas (LWAs) are a promising radiator technology to consider in future. Simulation tools as CAD software CST and MATLAB have been used to obtain this results.

• A. P´

erez, J.L. Tornero, J. Monz´

• (UPCT)

3GCMEA Cartagena(Spain),25-29 July 4 / 25

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Introduction

Synthesis of heating patters is still a challenging objetive. Uniform heating or the creation of heating patterns is a desirable capability of any modern microwave heating system.[8] Phased-Array of Antennas has been proposed to synthesize near-field focused patterns by exciting each radiator amplitude and phase.[2]-[3] Leaky-wave antennas (LWAs) are a promising radiator technology to consider in future. Simulation tools as CAD software CST and MATLAB have been used to obtain this results.

• A. P´

erez, J.L. Tornero, J. Monz´

• (UPCT)

3GCMEA Cartagena(Spain),25-29 July 4 / 25

widthwidth

Introduction

Synthesis of heating patters is still a challenging objetive. Uniform heating or the creation of heating patterns is a desirable capability of any modern microwave heating system.[8] Phased-Array of Antennas has been proposed to synthesize near-field focused patterns by exciting each radiator amplitude and phase.[2]-[3] Leaky-wave antennas (LWAs) are a promising radiator technology to consider in future. Simulation tools as CAD software CST and MATLAB have been used to obtain this results.

• A. P´

erez, J.L. Tornero, J. Monz´

• (UPCT)

3GCMEA Cartagena(Spain),25-29 July 4 / 25

widthwidth

Introduction

Synthesis of heating patters is still a challenging objetive. Uniform heating or the creation of heating patterns is a desirable capability of any modern microwave heating system.[8] Phased-Array of Antennas has been proposed to synthesize near-field focused patterns by exciting each radiator amplitude and phase.[2]-[3] Leaky-wave antennas (LWAs) are a promising radiator technology to consider in future. Simulation tools as CAD software CST and MATLAB have been used to obtain this results.

• A. P´

erez, J.L. Tornero, J. Monz´

• (UPCT)

3GCMEA Cartagena(Spain),25-29 July 4 / 25

widthwidth

Introduction

Synthesis of heating patters is still a challenging objetive. Uniform heating or the creation of heating patterns is a desirable capability of any modern microwave heating system.[8] Phased-Array of Antennas has been proposed to synthesize near-field focused patterns by exciting each radiator amplitude and phase.[2]-[3] Leaky-wave antennas (LWAs) are a promising radiator technology to consider in future. Simulation tools as CAD software CST and MATLAB have been used to obtain this results.

• A. P´

erez, J.L. Tornero, J. Monz´

• (UPCT)

3GCMEA Cartagena(Spain),25-29 July 4 / 25

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Proposed System

1

Introduction

2

Proposed System Cylindrical Microwave Oven with Cylindrical Sample Coaxial Monopole Antenna S parameters Simulation Structure

3

Results A single antenna Combination of Antennas

4

Conclusions

5

References

• A. P´

erez, J.L. Tornero, J. Monz´

• (UPCT)

3GCMEA Cartagena(Spain),25-29 July 5 / 25

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Cylindrical Microwave Oven with Cylindrical Sample

Figura: Cylindrical cavity and cylindrical wet-clay sample.

• A. P´

erez, J.L. Tornero, J. Monz´

• (UPCT)

3GCMEA Cartagena(Spain),25-29 July 6 / 25

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Cylindrical Microwave Oven

DOVEN= 65.12 cm HOVEN= 6.17 cm f0=2.45 GHz. Resonance Frequency in Microwave Heating. .

Figura: Cylindrical metallic cavity.

• A. P´

erez, J.L. Tornero, J. Monz´

• (UPCT)

3GCMEA Cartagena(Spain),25-29 July 7 / 25

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Cylindrical Sample

DSAMPLE= 10 cm HSAMPLE= 2 cm Wet Clay

εr = 30 ε

′′

r = 5

tgδ = 5 30 = 1 6 = 0,16 Figura: Cylindrical wet clay sample.

• A. P´

erez, J.L. Tornero, J. Monz´

• (UPCT)

3GCMEA Cartagena(Spain),25-29 July 8 / 25

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Coaxial Monopole Antenna

Figura: Coaxial Antenna.

A standard BNC connector determines the coaxial feeding size. DCOAX= 2 cm dCOAX= 0.2 cm εrCOAX = 1 HCOAX= 1.265 cm HDOWN= 1.065 cm HMONOPOLE= 0.2 cm dMONOPOLE= 3.56 cm

• A. P´

erez, J.L. Tornero, J. Monz´

• (UPCT)

3GCMEA Cartagena(Spain),25-29 July 9 / 25

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S parameters

Figura: S parameters

Input matching

• f a single monopole antenna

inside the cavity + sample. HMONOPOLE and dMONOPOLE have been optimized. No coupling can occur with

• ther antennas’s waveports.

Return losses below -60dB. Good coupling to the cavity and efficient transfer

• f energy to the lossy sample.
• A. P´

erez, J.L. Tornero, J. Monz´

• (UPCT)

3GCMEA Cartagena(Spain),25-29 July 10 / 25

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Simulation Structure

Figura: CST simulation structure. Figura: Matlab Structure.

• A. P´

erez, J.L. Tornero, J. Monz´

• (UPCT)

3GCMEA Cartagena(Spain),25-29 July 11 / 25

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Results

1

Introduction

2

Proposed System Cylindrical Microwave Oven with Cylindrical Sample Coaxial Monopole Antenna S parameters Simulation Structure

3

Results A single antenna Combination of Antennas

4

Conclusions

5

References

• A. P´

erez, J.L. Tornero, J. Monz´

• (UPCT)

3GCMEA Cartagena(Spain),25-29 July 12 / 25

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Results

1 The electric fields created by each antenna is obtained with CST, and

extracted to be processed with MATLAB.

2 The z-component of the electric field propagates and reaches the

sample.

3 Using the following equation [8], the power loss inside the sample can

be computed.

Power Loss Density Equation

PLOSS(x, y) = ωε

′′

r ε0|EzSAMPLE (x, y)|2

(4.1)

• A. P´

erez, J.L. Tornero, J. Monz´

• (UPCT)

3GCMEA Cartagena(Spain),25-29 July 13 / 25

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Results

1 The electric fields created by each antenna is obtained with CST, and

extracted to be processed with MATLAB.

2 The z-component of the electric field propagates and reaches the

sample.

3 Using the following equation [8], the power loss inside the sample can

be computed.

Power Loss Density Equation

PLOSS(x, y) = ωε

′′

r ε0|EzSAMPLE (x, y)|2

(4.1)

• A. P´

erez, J.L. Tornero, J. Monz´

• (UPCT)

3GCMEA Cartagena(Spain),25-29 July 13 / 25

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• Results. A single Antenna

NOTE

The results obtained with CST and MATLAB are almost identical.

• A. P´

erez, J.L. Tornero, J. Monz´

• (UPCT)

3GCMEA Cartagena(Spain),25-29 July 14 / 25

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• Results. A single Antenna

Example

Comparison of the power loss density in Antenna1 with CST and Matlab.

Figura: PLOSS in Antenna 1 with CST. Figura: PLOSS in Antenna 1 with MATLAB.

• A. P´

erez, J.L. Tornero, J. Monz´

• (UPCT)

3GCMEA Cartagena(Spain),25-29 July 14 / 25

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• Results. A single Antenna

NOTE

The results obtained with CST and MATLAB are almost identical.

(a) Transverse E-Field Et (b) Normal E-Field Ez (c) Power Loss Density in the region of sample

Figura: Field intensity pattern when only antenna 1 is excited.

• A. P´

erez, J.L. Tornero, J. Monz´

• (UPCT)

3GCMEA Cartagena(Spain),25-29 July 14 / 25

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• Results. A single Antenna

(a) Antenna 2 position (b) Antenna 8 position (c) Antenna 12 position (d) Antenna 2 (e) Antenna 8 (f) Antenna 12

Figura: Normalized Power Loss pattern obtained when exciting different antennas.

• A. P´

erez, J.L. Tornero, J. Monz´

• (UPCT)

3GCMEA Cartagena(Spain),25-29 July 15 / 25

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• Results. A single Antenna

Example

Different heating spatial distributions inside the sample are obtained due to rotation created by the azimuthal symmetry of the antennas location, and the oven and sample cylindrical shapes.

(a) Antenna 1 (b) Antenna 8

Figura: Comparison between Antenna 1 and Antenna 8.

• A. P´

erez, J.L. Tornero, J. Monz´

• (UPCT)

3GCMEA Cartagena(Spain),25-29 July 15 / 25

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• Results. Combination of Antennas

When several antennas are excited at the same time, each one with a complex weight Ai, the resulting electric field inside the sample is:

Total E-Field Equation

ETOTALSAMPLE (x, y) =

30

• i=1

Ai · EizSAMPLE (x, y) (4.2) Being Ai = Ampiφi .

• A. P´

erez, J.L. Tornero, J. Monz´

• (UPCT)

3GCMEA Cartagena(Spain),25-29 July 16 / 25

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• Results. Combination of Antennas

Best-case Scenario

EizSAMPLE (x, y) would form a complete and orthogonal basis, so that any power loss pattern could be created inside the sample. CASE Excitation vector Ai A Ai = 10o for all antennas i = 1..,30 B A1 = 130o, A5 = 10o C A1 = 1180o, A2 = 145o, A3 = 1180o,A4 = 145o, A5 = 1180o, A6 = 145o, A7 = 1180o

Cuadro: Excitation vector Ai for different cases studied.

• A. P´

erez, J.L. Tornero, J. Monz´

• (UPCT)

3GCMEA Cartagena(Spain),25-29 July 17 / 25

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• Results. Combination of Antennas

Best-case Scenario

EizSAMPLE (x, y) would form a complete and orthogonal basis, so that any power loss pattern could be created inside the sample. CASE Excitation vector Ai A Ai = 10o for all antennas i = 1..,30 B A1 = 130o, A5 = 10o C A1 = 1180o, A2 = 145o, A3 = 1180o,A4 = 145o, A5 = 1180o, A6 = 145o, A7 = 1180o

Cuadro: Excitation vector Ai for different cases studied.

• A. P´

erez, J.L. Tornero, J. Monz´

• (UPCT)

3GCMEA Cartagena(Spain),25-29 July 17 / 25

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• Results. Combination of Antennas

(a) CASE A antennas (b) CASE B antennas (c) CASE C antennas (d) CASE A (e) CASE B (f) CASE C

Figura: Different normalized Power Loss pattern obtained with the table, Ai

• A. P´

erez, J.L. Tornero, J. Monz´

• (UPCT)

3GCMEA Cartagena(Spain),25-29 July 18 / 25

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• Results. Combination of Antennas

Example

Given de complex weights in the previous table, it is appreciated several heating patterns. Multiple combinations could be possible.

(a) CASE A (b) CASE B (c) CASE C

Figura: Different normalized Power Loss pattern obtained when exciting a combination of antennas with weights Ai.

• A. P´

erez, J.L. Tornero, J. Monz´

• (UPCT)

3GCMEA Cartagena(Spain),25-29 July 18 / 25

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Conclusions

1

Introduction

2

Proposed System Cylindrical Microwave Oven with Cylindrical Sample Coaxial Monopole Antenna S parameters Simulation Structure

3

Results A single antenna Combination of Antennas

4

Conclusions

5

References

• A. P´

erez, J.L. Tornero, J. Monz´

• (UPCT)

3GCMEA Cartagena(Spain),25-29 July 19 / 25

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Conclusions

Capability to shape the heating spatial distribution inside the lossy cylindrical sample is demonstrated. Future Works:

• Developing of synthesis techniques using minimax functions. [6]
• Low-cost microwave system would be beneficial to applications where

controllable custom-made heating patterns must be created inside the sample to be heated.

• A leaky-wave antenna topology with a single excitation port could

create a similar focusing pattern [5], instead of a phased-array antenna [2]-[3].

• A. P´

erez, J.L. Tornero, J. Monz´

• (UPCT)

3GCMEA Cartagena(Spain),25-29 July 20 / 25

widthwidth

Conclusions

Capability to shape the heating spatial distribution inside the lossy cylindrical sample is demonstrated. Future Works:

• Developing of synthesis techniques using minimax functions. [6]
• Low-cost microwave system would be beneficial to applications where

controllable custom-made heating patterns must be created inside the sample to be heated.

• A leaky-wave antenna topology with a single excitation port could

create a similar focusing pattern [5], instead of a phased-array antenna [2]-[3].

• A. P´

erez, J.L. Tornero, J. Monz´

• (UPCT)

3GCMEA Cartagena(Spain),25-29 July 20 / 25

widthwidth

Conclusions

Capability to shape the heating spatial distribution inside the lossy cylindrical sample is demonstrated. Future Works:

• Developing of synthesis techniques using minimax functions. [6]
• Low-cost microwave system would be beneficial to applications where

controllable custom-made heating patterns must be created inside the sample to be heated.

• A leaky-wave antenna topology with a single excitation port could

create a similar focusing pattern [5], instead of a phased-array antenna [2]-[3].

• A. P´

erez, J.L. Tornero, J. Monz´

• (UPCT)

3GCMEA Cartagena(Spain),25-29 July 20 / 25

widthwidth

Conclusions

Capability to shape the heating spatial distribution inside the lossy cylindrical sample is demonstrated. Future Works:

• Developing of synthesis techniques using minimax functions. [6]
• Low-cost microwave system would be beneficial to applications where

controllable custom-made heating patterns must be created inside the sample to be heated.

• A leaky-wave antenna topology with a single excitation port could

create a similar focusing pattern [5], instead of a phased-array antenna [2]-[3].

• A. P´

erez, J.L. Tornero, J. Monz´

• (UPCT)

3GCMEA Cartagena(Spain),25-29 July 20 / 25

widthwidth

Conclusions

Leaky-Wave Antenna

A cylindrical slotted LWA composed of 30 horizontal slots is fed by a single input port. The amplitude and phase of the 30 radiating slots can be controlled by proper selection of the slots position and size, and the feeding waveguide width. The more complicated distribution network to feed a phased array of 30 individual antennas can be avoided.

Figura: Cylindrical Slotted LWA.

• A. P´

erez, J.L. Tornero, J. Monz´

• (UPCT)

3GCMEA Cartagena(Spain),25-29 July 21 / 25

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References

1

Introduction

2

Proposed System Cylindrical Microwave Oven with Cylindrical Sample Coaxial Monopole Antenna S parameters Simulation Structure

3

Results A single antenna Combination of Antennas

4

Conclusions

5

References

• A. P´

erez, J.L. Tornero, J. Monz´

• (UPCT)

3GCMEA Cartagena(Spain),25-29 July 22 / 25

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References I

• G. Andrasic, J. James, and J. Hand, “Investigation of quasi-leaky-wave applicator

using fd-td computations,” in Antennas and Propagation, 1991. ICAP 91., Seventh International Conference on (IEE). IET, 1991, pp. 584–587.

• M. Bogosanovic and A. Williamson, “Antenna array with beam focused in

near-field zone,” Electronics letters, vol. 39, no. 9, p. 1, 2003.

• A. Buffi, P. Nepa, and G. Manara, “Design criteria for near-field-focused planar

arrays,” IEEE Antennas and Propagation Magazine, vol. 54, no. 1, pp. 40–50, 2012.

• J. L. Gomez-Tornero, “Analysis and design of conformal tapered leaky-wave

antennas,” IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters, vol. 10, pp. 1068–1071, 2011. J.-L. Gomez-Tornero, “Unusual tapering of leaky-wave radiators and their applications,” in Proceedings of the 5th European Conference on Antennas and Propagation (EUCAP). IEEE, 2011, pp. 821–824.

• A. P´

erez, J.L. Tornero, J. Monz´

• (UPCT)

3GCMEA Cartagena(Spain),25-29 July 23 / 25

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References II

• J. L. G´
• mez-Tornero, A. J. Mart´

ınez-Ros, and J. Monz´

• -Cabrera, “Demonstration
• f simple electronic near-field beamforming using multitone microwave signals with

a leaky-wave focused applicator,” IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters, vol. 14, pp. 143–146, 2015.

• A. J. Mart´

ınez-Ros, J. L. G´

• mez-Tornero, F. J. Clemente-Fern´

andez, and

• J. Monz´
• -Cabrera, “Microwave near-field focusing properties of width-tapered

microstrip leaky-wave antenna,” IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation,

• vol. 61, no. 6, pp. 2981–2990, 2013.
• A. Metaxas, , and R. J. Meredith, Industrial microwave heating.

IET, 1983, no. 4.

• I. Ohtera, “Focusing properties of a microwave radiator utilizing a slotted

rectangular waveguide,” IEEE transactions on antennas and propagation, vol. 38,

• no. 1, pp. 121–124, 1990.
• K. Stephan, J. Mead, D. Pozar, L. Wang, and J. Pearce, “A near field focused

microstrip array for a radiometric temperature sensor,” IEEE transactions on antennas and propagation, vol. 55, no. 4, pp. 1199–1203, 2007.

• A. P´

erez, J.L. Tornero, J. Monz´

• (UPCT)

3GCMEA Cartagena(Spain),25-29 July 24 / 25

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• A. P´

erez, J.L. Tornero, J. Monz´

• (UPCT)

3GCMEA Cartagena(Spain),25-29 July 25 / 25