Microstructure, Barrier Properties, and Mechanical Properties of - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Microstructure, Barrier Properties, and Mechanical Properties of - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Microstructure, Barrier Properties, and Mechanical Properties of Nylon-12 Nanocomposite Films by Dr. Cecilia L. Stevens, Polymer Engineering Company Dr. Marek J. Gnatowski, Polymer Engineering Company Dr. Scott Duncan, Defence Research and

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SLIDE 1

Microstructure, Barrier Properties, and Mechanical Properties of Nylon-12 Nanocomposite Films

by

  • Dr. Cecilia L. Stevens, Polymer Engineering Company
  • Dr. Marek J. Gnatowski, Polymer Engineering Company
  • Dr. Scott Duncan, Defence Research and Development

Canada

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SLIDE 2

Samples

  • Extruded films
  • 1.0 mil thick
  • 10% treated montmorillonite clay in nylon-12
  • Various blending methods
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SLIDE 3

Batch blending for 1 minute (B)

REE 67 prep mixer with high-shear roller blades (W.C. Brabender)

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SLIDE 4

Single-screw extrusion (C)

25mm extruder with mixing screw, L/D = 25 (W.C. Brabender)

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SLIDE 5

Twin-screw extrusion with compounding screws (D)

D6-2 counter-rotating twin-screw extruder, L/D = 6 (W.C. Brabender)

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SLIDE 6

Twin-screw extrusion with standard screws (E)

TSE 20mm co-rotating twin-screw extruder, L/D = 40 (W.C. Brabender)

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SLIDE 7

Methods of Assessment

  • Physical

– Mechanical properties

  • Stress
  • Strain
  • Young’s modulus

– Barrier properties

  • Breakthrough time
  • Structural

– TEM imaging

  • Platelet size
  • Platelet exfoliation

– FTIR spectroscopy

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SLIDE 8

Observed Platelet sizes (nm)

A (100% nylon-12) N/A B (batch blended) 202 C (single-screw extrusion) 171 D (compounding twin-screw) 144 E (standard twin-screw) 111

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SLIDE 9

Platelet exfoliation Batch blending (B)

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SLIDE 10

Platelet exfoliation Single-screw extrusion (C)

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SLIDE 11

Platelet exfoliation Compounding twin-screw (D)

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SLIDE 12

Platelet exfoliation Standard twin-screw (E)

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SLIDE 13

100 140 180 220 260 300 100 120 140 160 180 200 220 Platelet size (nm) Strain (%)

Mechanical properties Strain (%)

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SLIDE 14

20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 120 140 160 180 200 220 Platelet size (nm) Ulitmate tensile stress (MPa)

Mechanical properties Ultimate tensile stress

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SLIDE 15

400 800 1200 1600 2000 100 120 140 160 180 200 220 Platelet size (nm)

Young's Modulus (MPa)

Mechanical properties Young’s modulus

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SLIDE 16

4 8 12 16 100 120 140 160 180 200 220 Platelet size (nm)

Breakthrough tim e (h)

Breakthrough time

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SLIDE 17

0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 1.2 100 120 140 160 180 200 220 Platelet size (nm) FTIR Peak Height

FTIR spectroscopy

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SLIDE 18

FTIR example spectrum

Nylon-12 peak used for normalisation of FTIR spectra Silicate peak

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SLIDE 19

Conclusions

  • Platelet size starts to decrease prior to full

exfoliation.

  • Prior to full exfoliation, mechanical properties

are not highly responsive to platelet size (completeness of exfoliation).

  • After exfoliation, elongation at break is directly

dependent on platelet size.

  • After exfoliation, stress and Young’s modulus

are not highly responsive to platelet size, although improved over non-exfoliated samples.

  • Barrier properties are inversely related to

platelet size both before and after exfoliation.

  • FTIR may be responsive to nanoclay dispersion.
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SLIDE 20

Acknowledgements

Polymer Engineering Company

  • Dr. Marek Gnatowski

pecltd@telus.net

David Lesewick Beverley Start

University of British Columbia TEM

Kim Rensing Derrick Horne

Defence Research and Development Canada

  • Dr. Scott Duncan

Scott.Duncan@drdc-rddc.gc.ca

Ben Lacroix

W.C. Brabender

Andrew Yacykewych

Suppliers

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