mhaven.net Licensing Requirements by Monica Haven, E.A., J.D., - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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mhaven.net Licensing Requirements by Monica Haven, E.A., J.D., - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

mhaven.net Licensing Requirements by Monica Haven, E.A., J.D., L.L.M. Not that kind of license! Must be male and female, at least 18 years of age mhaven.net Not nearer of kin than second cousins Not having another living husband or


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SLIDE 1

Licensing Requirements

by Monica Haven, E.A., J.D., L.L.M.

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SLIDE 2

Not that kind of license!

 Must be male and female, at least 18 years of age  Not nearer of kin than second cousins  Not having another living husband or wife  Divorces must be final in the state where granted  Must have at least one witness at ceremony  Both parties must appear at License Bureau  No waiting period; no blood tests  License fee is $60

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SLIDE 3

Why offer financial services?

The client…

  • Is dissatisfied with current results
  • Is overwhelmed by too much info
  • Prefers one-stop shopping convenience
  • Enjoys an established rapport with the tax practitioner
  • Has already given tax practitioner access to requisite information
  • Appreciates that tax practitioner can

address tax implications The practitioner…

  • Can redefine shrinking tax practice and follow industry trend
  • Can maintain a competitive edge
  • Can capitalize on existing synergies
  • Can generate year-round revenues
  • Can have FUN!

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SLIDE 4

The Bureau of Labor Statistics estimates…

  • Employment of personal financial advisors is expected to grow 41% in

the next decade (much faster than the average for all occupations).

  • This occupation is projected to be among the 10 fastest-growing.

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SLIDE 5

Personal Financial Planning

  • Developing, coordinating, and implementing
  • A flexible plan
  • Using client’s available resources
  • To achieve client’s financial goals

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SLIDE 6

The Planning Process

 Establish scope of the engagement  Gather data [see Document Checklist, p.19]  Identify client’s financial (& other) goals  Establish a baseline  Perform needs, portfolio, & tax analyses  Adjust client’s goals, if necessary  Formulate the financial plan  Implement and coordinate plan  Always monitor and update plan

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SLIDE 7

Needs Analysis

  • Health
  • Education
  • Retirement
  • Vacation
  • Large purchase
  • Other

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SLIDE 8

Portfolio Analysis

  • Allocation
  • Risk/reward trade-off
  • Diversification and risk minimization

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SLIDE 9

Working with client expectations

  • Change assumptions about inflation & growth rates
  • Reduce the dollar amounts involved
  • Increase the time frame
  • Increase income (portfolio allocations and/or

client’s employment)

  • Decrease expenditures & establish a budget
  • Educate the client & modify the level of acceptable risk

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SLIDE 10

Investment Pyramid

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SLIDE 11

Spectrum of Services

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What’s best?

Service Type Pros Cons Financial Planner No conflict of interest Full-time attention required FP Representative Not responsible for investment performance Perceived as lacking competence Client pays extra for advice AND implementation Fee-Only Advisor Easy adjunct to practice No FINRA license required No B/D affiliation required Eventually full-time Commission-Based $/hour higher FINRA license & oversight Agent of B/D Unable to gain full overview Perceived as biased Cannot charge fees 2nd Opinion Offers peace of mind No LT relationship Discretionary Authority Minimal client involvement Time purchases and sales Advisor assumes liability May be accused unsuitable trades Additional record-keeping

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SLIDE 13

Who’s who?

Registered Investment Advisor

  • ENTITY governed by Investment Advisor’s Act of 1940 & registered with SEC or

state unless exempt (< 15 clients/12-month period)

  • Advisory Affiliate refers business to RIA but excluded if attorney, accountant,

engineer, or teacher & advice is incidental

  • IA Representative is INDIVIDUAL who works for Affiliate, has passed exam, & is

state-licensed Registered Representative

  • Agent of Broker/Dealer, loyal to his employer

Insurance Agent

  • Must be state-licensed (& also FINRA-licensed if selling variable products)

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SLIDE 14

Fiduciary Standard

  • IA owes undivided Duty of Loyalty & Duty of Care to client
  • IA may not issue or recommend unregistered securities
  • IA must disclose all available fee discounts
  • IA cannot contractually limit his liability
  • IA can lend to or borrow money from clients
  • RR previously exempt from Fiduciary Standard under Merrill Lynch Rule

but must adhere to Suitability Standard

  • After March 2007, RR providing fee-based advice is held to Fiduciary

Standard (but is till an agent of the B/D)

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SLIDE 15

Common adviser problems Type of controversy 2005 complaints Percentage of total Breach of fiduciary duty 3,514 23.10% Negligence 2,225 14.60% Breach of Contract 1,987 13.10% Unsuitability 1,926 12.70% Failure to supervise 1,828 12.00% Misrepresentation 1,826 12.00% Omission of facts 1,123 7.40% Unauthorized trading 395 2.60% Churning 315 2.10% Margin calls 78 0.50% Online trading 7 0.00%

Source: National Association of Securities Dealers

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SLIDE 16

IA Registration

Federal

  • If > $25 million under management
  • File Form ADV
  • Part I: Applicant’s info
  • Part II: Business practices
  • Effective 45 days after filing
  • Subject to Brochure Rule 204-3
  • Must deliver to client at least 48 hours in advance
  • Must give 5 day right-of-rescission
  • Proposal: In plain English

State

  • If < $25 million or if > 5 clients in state and IA is domiciled
  • Most states require FINRA licensing exams
  • Exemptions for accredited financial planners demonstrating competency

& expertise

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SLIDE 17

FINRA Exams

Series Exam Title Questions Time

6 Investment Company & Variable Contracts Limited Rep 100 2 ¼ 7 General Securities Rep 250 6 24 General Securities Principal 150 3 ½ 63 Uniform Securities Agent State Law 60 1 65 Uniform Investment Advisor Law 130 3 66 Combined State Law 100 2 ½

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SLIDE 18

Governing Regulations

Investment Advisors Act of 1940

  • Amended (1960) & interpreted (1981 & 1987)
  • Covers IA responsibilities, reporting, fees, anti-fraud, and penalties

Investment Advisor Release 1092 of 1987

  • Defines IA
  • Gives advice about securities
  • On a regular basis
  • For a fee
  • Exemptions include accountants whose advice is only incidental

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SLIDE 19

Regulations (cont’d.)

Uniform Prudent Investors Act of 1994

  • Adopted by most states
  • Portfolio Theory
  • Must consider risk/reward trade-off
  • No specific prohibitions but must be diversified

Securities Act of 1933

  • Full & fair disclosure
  • Registration of new issues

Securities and Exchange Act of 1934

  • Established SEC
  • Regulates securities markets, conduct, margin & insider trading

National Securities Markets Improvement Act of 1996

  • Coordination Act delineates responsibilities of federal and state regulators

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SLIDE 20

Ethical Standards

Rule 405

  • Recommendations must be reasonable & suitable

CFP Board of Standards

  • Define the scope of the engagement
  • Determine client’s needs, priorities, personal & financial goals
  • Obtain quantitative information
  • Analyze client’s information
  • Evaluate financial planning alternatives
  • Develop financial planning recommendations
  • Present the financial planning

recommendations

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SLIDE 21

Sample Questions: Series 6

Open-end must redeem shares at NAV within a. 3 business days using Regular Way settlement rules of the NASD b. 7 days under the Act of 1940 c. 5 business days under Regulation T of the Securities Act of 1934 d. whatever date is declared by the Board of Directors of the investment company investment companies Investment Company

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SLIDE 22

The XYZ Fund is quoted at $13 Bid and $14 Ask. The prospectus states that there is a 1% redemption fee. A customer redeeming 2,000 shares would receive net proceeds of a. $25,740 b. $26,000 c. $27,720 d. $28,000

(2000 shares X $13/share) – 1% = $26,000 – 260 = $25,740

Sample Questions: Series 6

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SLIDE 23

An investor studying an annual report of the DEF Investment Company sees that the net asset value is up from $12.16 to $12.97/share and that the selling price is down. What type of fund is it? a. balanced fund b.

  • pen-end fund

c. closed-end fund d. any mutual fund which has operated in a declining market NAV  SP  But where SP is based on NAV (plus Sales Load) in open-end fund, SP must rise when NAV rises. Here, it does not and so this must be a closed-end fund.

Sample Questions: Series 6

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SLIDE 24

A security may be registered in a state by a. coordination b. notification c. qualification d. any method, on the state An agent or broker/dealer may be subject to a. revocation or suspension b. criminal liability c. civil liability d. all of the above depending

Sample Questions: Series 63

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SLIDE 25

Under the Uniform Securities Act, the burden of proof for an from securities registration is upon the a. agent selling the security b. broker/dealer selling the security c. investment banker underwriting the security d. issuer claiming the exemption exemption

Sample Questions: Series 63

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SLIDE 26

In accordance with the Telephone Consumer Protection Act of 1991, a person making phone solicitations disclose which of the following? I. name of the caller II. the specific security the caller wishes to discuss III. the name of the organization the caller represents IV. the telephone number and address where the caller may be reached a. I and III only b. II, III and IV only c. I, III and IV only d. I, II, III and IV must

III appears in all answers, so disregard and focus on I, II and IV… I is a matter of course, so that eliminates “b” IV seems logical in an era of privacy protection, so that eliminates “a” But MUST II be disclosed? No.

Sample Questions: Series 24

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SLIDE 27

Under NASD Rules of Fair Practice, which of the following could possibly be considered violations? a. excessive customer activity in a cash account b. unusually high sales of speculative, low-priced securities through

  • ne office of the firm

c. short-term trading of mutual funds that had a sales load d. all of the above The federal law that provides for insuring customer accounts in the event of a brokerage firm’s bankruptcy is the a. 1933 Securities Act b. 1934 Securities Exchange Act c. 1964 Security Act Amendments d. Securities Investors’ Protection Act of 1970

Sample Questions: Series 24

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SLIDE 28

Which of the following is the correct justification for use of an investment in a client’s portfolio? a. NMA securities because they are backed by the full faith and credit of the U.S. government b. Call purchases because they are a low-cost method of hedging a portfolio c. Blue chip common stocks because they provide a hedge against inflation d. Aggressive growth stocks because they better during economic contractions F

  • ption

perform

Sample Questions: CFP Exam

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SLIDE 29

Jorge is single and owns $30,000 of stock he originally purchased 4 years ago for $7,000. His adjusted gross income (AGI) is $40,000. If Jorge donates the stock to his church, which of the following is the maximum amount he can deduct as a charitable contribution for this gift on his federal income tax return this year? a. $12,000 b. $15,000 c. $20,000 d. $30,000 Donation of capital gain property limited to 30% of AGI… $40,000 X 30% = $12,000 maximum deduction (carry-forward remainder)

Sample Questions: CFP Exam

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SLIDE 30

Just do it!

  • “I’m too busy” (BUT you can offer additional

services, strengthen your relationships, and make money on the same account)

  • “I don’t have enough clients” (BUT now you

can get more than just tax referrals)

  • “I’m not a salesman” (BUT you have earned your clients trust and have

the ability and willingness to teach them)

  • “It’s a conflict of interest” (ONLY if prohibited by state law or if fee

arrangements are not disclosed)

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