MENTOR : Goran engstrom Beatrice Mgaya Kilima SUA TANZANIA - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

MENTOR : Goran engstrom Beatrice Mgaya Kilima SUA TANZANIA

Improve the quality and safety of milk and milk products by reducing antibiotics residues in milk to enhance their livelihood (A case study Of Masai women)

Presentation contents

❖ Preview of project ❖ Objectives ❖ Methodology ❖ Results ❖ Training ❖ Challenges ❖ conclusion

Project preview

Milk production in Tanzania

❖ Traditional ❖ Commercial

70% of milk comes from traditional (indigenous cattle) In Tanzania we have few tribe involved with pastoralists among them is masai tribe

Pastoralists are moving from one area

❖ Water source ❖ Feeding lands

Animals become very prone to diseases High incidence of tropical tick borne diseases coupled with other infectious diseases conditions necessitates use of antimicrobial agents in cattle

❖ failure to observe the mandatory withdrawal

time/periods

❖ illegal or extra-label use of veterinary drugs ❖ incorrect dosage levels application

Residues of drugs in milk and meat is a potential health risks.

❖ Effects of antibiotic residues include

selection of antibiotic -resistant bacteria which could later be transferred from animals to humans, through contaminated milk products

❖ Milk quality can also be contaminated by

bacteria

Different sources

❖ the milking environment, wind, feeds, soil,

faeces,

❖ milking equipment, ❖ farm personnel, ❖ Housing

❖ To ensure production of quality milk, it is

necessary to understand the various causes and sources of milk contamination at the farm level

❖ The aim of this study is to train the Masaai

women on the proper use of antibiotics on cows , antibiotics residues effect on quality

• f milk and hygienic milking and handling of

milk

Project purpose

❖Improve the quality of milk and milk

products by reducing antibiotics residues in milk to enhance their livelihood

Specific objective

i. To assessing the farmers knowledge on cattle keeping, use of antibiotics and hygienic milking and handling and storage. ii. To training on cattle keeping, proper use of antibiotic and hygienic milking and handling and storage. iii. Processing of improved milk products using high quality milk

Project Activities

i. Obtaining authorization to carry out the activity from university, regional, district level and divisional level ii. Identification of women to participate in project

iii. Small survey to determine the knowledge

• f women on cattle keeping, proper use of

antibiotic and hygienic milking and handling and storage. iv. Training of participant on cattle keeping, proper use of antibiotic and hygienic milking and handling and storage. Emphasis was to cover the gap on knowledge

Stakeholders involved

❖ Veterinary officers ❖ Extension officers ❖ Health officers ❖ Food scientists ❖ Technicians ❖ Farmers ❖ Animal drug providers ❖ Consumers ❖ Milk processors´, Milk traders ❖ Government organisations and institutes TFDA, TBS, SUA ❖ Ministries-health, agriculture, livestock ❖ Non government organisations-milk

Methodology

Project area

❖ Sokoine village, Mvomero district, Morogoro

region about 35 Km from Morogoro town Selection of participatory women

❖ participatory approach -village leaders,

livestock officers and extension officers at division and village levels.

❖ 5 streets available and 4 women selected

❖ Use structured questionnaire. ❖ The aim was to gather general

understanding of the participant on the use

• f antibiotics, knowledge on milking,

handling and storage before sale.

Demographic characteristics of the women

Variable % Age (Years) 15-35 (3)14.3 36-55 (15)71.4 Above 55 (3)14.3 Marital Status Single (1)4.8 Married (18)85.7 Divorced Widowed (2)9.5 Education Level Non formal (3)14.3 Informal (8)33.3 Primary (9)38.1 Secondary (3)14.3

General knowledge/information on access to veterinary services, handling/practices and use of veterinary drugs. Variable % Type of production system practiced Communal grazing (21) 100 Zero grazing/Intensive Semi intensive grazing Extensive grazing system The common diseases affecting cattle ECF (1)4.8 Anaplasmosis Trypanosomiasis Mastitis (15)71.4 FMD (3)14.3 Lumpy skin diseases (1)4.8 CBPP (1)4.8 Worms Type of antibiotics are given to your animals Tetracyclines (CTC &OTC) (10) 47.6 Pen Streptomycin Sulphonamide (9) 42.9 Gentamycin (2) 9.5 Drugs for treating animal Animal drug shop (3) 14.3 Market e.g cattle market ( ) (18) 85.7 From livestock officer

Variable % Treatment of animal when they get sick Conduct own treatment ( ) (18 )85.7 Call livestock officer (3)14.3 Any other means (State). Reading instruction before administration Yes No (21)100 Frequency of drug use per day Once per day (8)38.1 Twice per day (13)61.9 Three times per day Time or period for treating animals When they are sick (21)100 Continue for some day after recovery At any time even if they are not sick Sell milk immediately after last dose of cattle treatment Yes (18)85.7 No (3)14.3 Reasons for not sell milk immediately after last dose of cattle treatment Observe veterinary withdrawal period/time Milk contains veterinary drug residues Others (Smell) (3)100 Drug withdraw Period Yes No (21)100 Health effects if a person consume milk with antibiotic drug residues Yes No. I don’t know (21)100

Types of housing and water source Variable% Barn types Concrete floor Earthen (21)100 Barn floor bedding types Grass bedding Muddy bedding (21)100 Barn cleaning frequency Daily (21)100 3 times a week Feeding and watering practices Feeding regimen Grazing natural pasture (21)100 Supplemented with local feed Supplemented with concentrate Mixed Sources of water for farm activities Pipe River Deep wells (17)80.9 Tap Water (4)19.1

Practices towards milking and hygienic condition Variable % Milking frequency Once Twice a day (21)100 3 times a day Hand washing practice before milking Yes (21)100 No Milking utensils used for milking Metal Plastic Pot (21)100 Cleaning frequency of milking utensils Once daily Twice daily (21)100 times a week Udder washing before milking Yes (21)100 No Teat (udder) drying habit or practice before washing Yes (2)9.5 No (19)90.5

Always stop milk handling while showing disease symptoms No (2)9.5 Yes (16)76.2 Sometimes (3)14.3 Wash hands before start milk handling Yes (21)100 No Methods of washing hands Cold water only (18)85.7 Warm water (3)14.3 Method of removing physical hazards from the milk when available Bare hand (18)85.7 Stick Spoon (3)14.3 Protect milk from being exposed to coughing &sneezing Yes (21)100 No Equipment for storing and selling milk Metal Plastic (21)100 Pot

Training

❖ Based on the assessment of general

knowledge of participant

❖ A training was conducted on 21.02.2019 ❖ Training was on HYGIENIC MILK

PRODUCTION

❖ Training was divided into Four parts

TRAINING SECTION

Part one: Good quality milk and its importance Part two: Production of high quality milk

• a. Animal health –diseases-antibiotics, udder

health, environment, animal cleanliness

• b. Milker-hygienic conditions and health

status

• c. Milking equipments- cleanliness, sanitation

and types of equipment used

Part three: Handling and Storage of milk

❖ Equipment used, cleanliness , cold storage

Part Four: Documentation and record keeping

CHALLENGES

❖ AUTHORIZATION ❖ TIME ❖ COSTS

CONCLUSION

❖ Need to conduct training at district, regional

and national level on

ÁNTIBIOTICS HYGIENIC HANDLING OF MILK

AKNOWLEDGEMENT

❖ SIDA ❖ SUA ❖ RAS ❖ DAS ❖ DO ❖ MENTOR

THANKS FOR YOUR ATTENTION