MELQUISEDEC CORTS ZAMBRANO Docente Investigador Universidad Santo - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

MELQUISEDEC CORTÉS ZAMBRANO Docente Investigador Universidad Santo Tomas

• SEWER SYSTEM
• WWTPs
• RIVER

• Separated sewer.
• Combined sewer.
• CSO .

• Pollutants transported during dry weather.
• Contaminants deposited on the basin surface.
• Sedimented contaminants in the drainage system.

1. Water flow in the sewer system (river hydraulics):

2. Accumulation of pollutants :Pollutants on the basin surface 3. Pollutant transport in the sewer system

• Contaminants deposited on basin surface.
• Fine particles
• Conceptual models (Linear reservoirs in series)
• Modelos mecanísticos (advection-dispersion equation)
• Coarse particles (suspended solids, solids bed, solids washed)
• Solid-hydraulic interaction sewer.

4. Chemical and biological transformation.

• Changes in water quality.

Modelo Type of hyfraulic modelization MOUSE Complete equations of Saint Venant KOSIM Linear reservoirs method SMUSI Kalinin-Miljukov method

• Wastewater treatment plant (WWTPs)
• Wastewater pretreatment.
• Screening, grit removal, flotation.
• Primary treatment of wastewater.
• Sieving and sedimentation
• Secondary treatment.
• Activated sludge systems, fixed bed reactors, pond systems, etc.
• Control and elimination of nutrients..
• Advanced treatment.
• Chemical coagulation, flocculation, activated carbon filters, etc.

Treatment technologies: (TPS), (UASB), (WSP), (TF), (AS). Used models: ASM (Activated Sludge Model)

• Simulation of different types of processes (degradation of organic matter, nitrogen,

ammonium nitrification, sludge generation, among others).

CITY DRAIN (Simplifications based on the estimation of removal percentages.)

• River
• Impacts:
• Hydraulic.
• hydrological
• Chemicals.
• Biochemicals.
• Physical.
• Hygienic.
• Aesthetic.

Modeling becomes more complex.

DESIGN. OPERATION MODELATION.

• Sewerage.
• Treatment Plant Wastewater WWTP.
• River.

WHAT IS THE PROBLEM?

• Preservation of public health.
• Flood prevention.
• This traditional way of thinking about urban drainage, is reflected in

the existence of multiple models that only simulate the operation of the system. SUSTAINABLE VISIONS (environmental and economic)

• Minimum amount of combined water.
• Maximum storage capacity of the system.

• SEWER SYSTEM.

The rains and sewage from the city drains into watersheds: Torca River. Salitre River. Fucha River. Tunjuelo River. The Bogotá River is the main receiving waterbody of the drainage system of the city.

1. Torca wetlands– Guaymaral: (73ha; 24 hay 49ha). 2. La Conejera wetlands: (59ha). 3. Córdoba wetlands: (40ha). 4. Juan Amarillo wetlands: (225ha). 5. Santa María del Lago wetlands: (11ha). 6. Jaboque wetlands: (148ha). 7. Capellanía wetlands: (21ha). 8. Techo wetlands: (12ha). 9. El Burro wetlands: (16ha).

• 10. La Vaca wetlands: (8ha).
• 11. Tibanica wetlands: (29ha).
• 12. Meandro del Say wetlands: (26ha).

Significance: Energy disipation structures Impacts:

• Fragmentation by the construction of motorways, desiccation

and filling, and the destruction of the cover vegetation.

• Decrease its hydraulic perimeter.
• Water quality.
• The wetlands are receiving wastewater discharges from hospitals,

agricultural sectors and neighborhoods of the city.

• Wrong connections.

PROBLEMS:

• High percentage of wrong connections.
• Capacity problems.
• Inadequate treatment of wastewater.

The salitre wastewater treatment plant, has a capacity of 4 m3/s, while the city produces approximately 16 m3/s.

Planning. Management of stormwater systems. Metodology:

• Delimitation of the study area.
• Diagnostics.
• Hydrologic-hydraulic modeling.
• Rainfall data and flow.
• Hydro-physical characteristics of the watershed.
• Selection of return periods.
• Model implementation.
• Calibration y validation.
• Evaluation of the drainage system.
• Proposal to improve the hydraulic performance of the system.

• Figure. Bogotá river sanitation plan (source : EAAB, 2010).

• Figure. Traditional vision of urban drainage system (Adapted of Woods-Ballard et al.,

2007).

The current management of drainage systems has proven to be:

• Inefficient.
• Unsustainable.

OPERATING COLOMBIA.

• Measures "at the end of the pipe".

Which brings to ignore the interactions that occur between the different subsystems. IMPLICATION:

• Difficulties in prioritizing investments in sanitation.
• Implementation of measures that do not generate the positive impact

expected.

• Deterioration in water quality of the waterbodies.

Simulate different sanitation alternatives.

Considering:

• City water receptor bodies (Bogotá river).
• The watersheds of major tributaries (Salitre, Fucha y Tunjuelo rivers)
• Wetlands.
• Involving an integrated system operation. (Combined sewer)

Understanding the system in a holistic manner.

• Relationships and complexities of the processes involved.
• Looking ensure that the quality of water bodies is compatible with the uses
• f water in the basin.

• Figure. Integrated vision of urban drainage system (Adapted of Woods-

Ballard et al., 2007).

• SUDS, BMPs, LID, LIUDD, WSUD.
• Minimize runoff.
• Reduce hydrologic impacts and water quality.
• Maximize biodiversity.

• Figure. Urban drainage subsystems and their relationships (taken from: www.acueducto.com.co).

OBJECTIVE :

• Optimize system performance.
• Increase control exercised over its operation.
• Improve the water quality of the receiving body.
• Advances in the efficiency and sustainability of urban drainage

systems. IMPLICATION:

• Better planning and system operation.
• More sustainable solutions.
• Reduce impacts on the river.

• 1. Improving the quality of life of the population.
• 2. Participation of all sectors involved.
• 3. Holistic management of water in the basin.
• 4. Drainage of wastewater must be made on smallest areas.

• SYSTEM ANALYSIS.
• Current Status and Operation.
• Determining the deficiency.
• Identify the relevance and need for integrated modeling.
• COLLECTION OF INFORMATION.
• Dominant processes
• INITIAL CONCEPTUALIZATION OF THE MODEL.
• IMPLEMENTATION AND MODEL ANALYSIS.
• The model should be flexible.
• The model must simulate all system components.
• SCENARIO APPROACH.
• Projected recovery plan for the city.
• SCENARIO SIMULATION AND ANALYSIS.
• Quantification of the resulting pollutant load in the river

PROCESSES LIKE :

• Calibration.
• Validation.

Requires a lot of information of the drainage system.

• Complex process.
• Expensive.
• Requires time.

You can't make a good an integrated model calibration. Scope of the methodology :

• Implementation of the model.
• Utilidad del modelo.

Using calibrated parameters in different studies for each of the subsystems.

• Reduction of runoff flows, and the consequent reduction in the risk of

floodings.

• Reduction of the additional runoff volumes which are generated from

unpervious urban areas

• Minimizing the impact on groundwater (and on basis flow), as a result of

increased rainwater infiltration.

• Reduction in the peak concentration of pollutants as a result of precipitation

events from temporary storage of rain water.

• Reduced risk of accidental discharges of pollutants to the water receptor

bodies.

• Reducing pollution from discharges into combined sewer overflow structures.

CSOs.

• Contribution to the aesthetics and improve the appearance of urban areas.
• Contribution to biodiversity and creating suitable habitats for different

species of animals in urban areas.

• Rodríguez, J. P., M. Díaz-Granados, P. Montes and J. Saavedra (2008a).

Modelación Integrada de Sistemas de Drenaje Urbano – Caso Bogotá D.C. (Colombia). XXIII Latinamerican Congress on Hydraulic (IARH), Cartagena, Colombia.

• Rodríguez, J. P., M. A. Díaz-Granados, L. A. Camacho, I. C. Raciny, Č. Maksimović

and N. McIntyre (2008b). Bogotá's urban drainage system: context, research activities and perspectives. BHS 10th National Hydrology Symposium, Exeter.

• Rodríguez, J. P., M. A. Díaz-Granados, L. A. Camacho, M. Rodríguez, I. C. Raciny,

C.

• Maksimovic, N. McIntyre, S. Achleitner, M. Moderl and W. Rauch (In preparation).

Case Study III: The case of Bogotá city, Colombia. Integrated Urban Water System Interactions, UNESCO.

• Schuetze, M. and J. Alex (2004). Suitable integrated modelling - based on

simplified models. 6th International Conference on Urban Drainage Modelling, Dresden.