Measuring Social Norms Using Ecological Momentary Assessment Tina - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

utas.edu.au

Measuring Social Norms Using Ecological Momentary Assessment

Tina Jahnela, Stuart Fergusona, Saul Shiffmanb, Johannes Thrulc, Benjamin Schüzd,a

aUniversity of Tasmania, Australia bUniversity of Pittsburgh, USA cJohn Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, USA dUniversity of Bremen, Germany

22 February 2018

Conflict of Interest

University of Tasmania School of Medicine

Funding: Grant R01-DA020742 (PI: Shiffman) from the U.S. National Institutes of Health, National Institute on Drug Abuse.

• Dr. Shiffman provides consulting services on tobacco harm minimization (including nicotine replacement

therapy and digital vapor products) to subsidiaries of Reynolds American Inc. Stuart G Ferguson has worked as a consultant for pharmaceutical companies on matters relating to smoking cessation. All other authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest.

Social Norms

University of Tasmania School of Medicine

• many definitions of social norms
• generally measured as relatively stable over time
• What if social norms change from moment to moment?
• Does this have implications on smoking?

A Socio-ecological Model of Behavior

University of Tasmania School of Medicine

Immediate social environment Built environment Culture/Society

A Socio-ecological Model of Behavior

University of Tasmania School of Medicine

Culture/Society

A Socio-ecological Model of Behavior

University of Tasmania School of Medicine

Built environment

A Socio-ecological Model of Behavior

University of Tasmania School of Medicine

Immediate social environment

A Socio-ecological Model of Behavior

University of Tasmania School of Medicine

Immediate social environment Built environment Culture/Society

Using EMA to Examine the Influence of Momentary Environments

• n Smoking

University of Tasmania School of Medicine

• Examine within-person processes
• Repeated assessments
• Real-time (avoiding biases assoc. with recall)
• Real-world (more ecologically valid)

Getting Closer to The Real-world: Ecological Momentary Assessment

University of Tasmania School of Medicine

Getting Closer to The Real-world: Ecological Momentary Assessment

University of Tasmania School of Medicine

Social Norm Environment Cigarettes smoked per day (CPD) = "#$%&'( )**$+,- "#$%&'( )**$+,- + "#$%&'( /$01&--,'

Results

University of Tasmania School of Medicine

Level-2 (participant-level) Level-1 (day-level)

SES (education) Environment (social norms) indirect effect direct effect CPD

Results

University of Tasmania School of Medicine

Note: * p < .05, ** p < .01, *** p < .001

Level-2 (participant-level) Level-1 (day-level)

SES (education) indirect effect: direct effect: CPD

5.15∗∗ 1.26 −.97∗ −.19∗∗∗

Environment (social norms)

Summary

University of Tasmania School of Medicine

• Social norms conceptualized as static variables
• But: Socio-ecological model suggest varying social norms
• EMA to examine effects of time varying social norms on

smoking

• Momentary social norms influence smoking

Immediate social environment Built environment Culture/Society Summary

University of Tasmania School of Medicine

In Progress/ Directions for Future Research

University of Tasmania School of Medicine

ü Direct measures of social norms developed ü Modified to suit EMA study ü In progress: Test new measures in eating context q In future: Test measures in smoking context

Contact

University of Tasmania School of Medicine

Tina Jahnel Email: Tina.Jahnel@utas.edu.au

http://www.utas.edu.au/health-medicine/research/groups/behavioural-and-situational-research-group-bsrg

Behavioural and Situational Research Group