M ori Governance Commentary N New Zealand Governance Centre Z l - - PDF document

Māori Governance Commentary

N Z l d G C New Zealand Governance Centre Inaugural Governance Conference

University of Auckland Business School Aotearoa-New Zealand

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Manuka Henare Saturday 16th August 2008

Indigenous People g p

F 264 mill. indigenous peoples in

world (World Bank 1991)

( )

F 7 continents & more than 85

countries

F 211 mill. in Asia (80%) F

140 mill. in India & China (60%) (60%)

F

11 mill. in Burma,

F

7 mill. in The Philippines pp

F 7 mill. in the South Pacific

Forum (NZ Māori)

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Who are indigenous l ? people ?

F Indigenous Populations are F Indigenous Populations are

composed of the existing descendants of the peoples who i h bit d th t t it f inhabited the present territory of a country wholly or partially at the time when persons of a different culture or ethnic origin arrived from other parts of the world… world…

F UN economic and Social Council,

Commission on Human Rights, 1982

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NZ Māori Population NZ Māori Population

F NZ population 4.1mill (2006) F NZ population 4.1mill (2006)

– 5 mill by 2051

F Māori are 15%, or 586,000 F Māori pop much younger

– Median age 22.8yrs 13 1 yrs younger that total pop – 13.1 yrs younger that total pop

F Māori, Asian & Pacific Island

are 29%, (European 71%)

F By 2021 will be 41%

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Whose View of Globalisation? Globalisation?

F Word global is 400 years old

(Malcolm Waters)

Gl b li i i d i 1960

F Globalisation coined in 1960s,

gained popularity in 1980s

F A buzz word of 1990s -

coincided with end of cold war

F interaction between economic,

political, technological political, technological processes sped up border crossing processes (Ruud Lubers & Jolanda

Koorevaar)

F However, it is an ancient

process of human activity

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philosophy of l b li i globalisation

• globalism -

involves a new consciousness of the world as a single place

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as a single place

• A Pacific View-

Trade inspires Pacific exploration

From Rolett, Tianlong & Gongwu, ‘Early seafaring in the Taiwan Strait and the search for Austronesian origins’, Journal of East

UOA Business School 7

g f Asian Archaeology, 2003

The global paradox of Gl b li i Globalisation

F the bigger the world economy,

the more powerful its smaller the more powerful its smaller players

F the more universal we become,

, the more tribal we act

F as the importance of the nation-

t t d ti state recedes, more nations are being created

F as the global economy gets

g y g larger, the component nation players get smaller and smaller J h N i bitt 1994

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• John Naisbitt, 1994.

History of business & f th governance of the Pacific

F 50,000 yrs in Australia F 10,000 yrs in the Pacific Ocean F Historically, a business is a

community of interest that comes together around a set comes together around a set purpose – having achieved the purpose it disbands. New community of interests are community of interests are formed (cf Dee Hock; Drucker)

F Indigenous word for

g management?

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F In Anglo-Countries NZ,

A t li C d USA t Australia, Canada, USA etc notions of business & governance shaped by its own history – products of feudalism

F Today’s Māori mindset of

governance business & governance, business & economics is shaped by its own ancient history

F 4 well-beings – economic,

kinship (social), environment & spiritual spiritual

F capitals – economic, human-

social, spiritual capital

F Quadruple bottom line

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• APEC -

Asia Pacific Economic Asia Pacific Economic Co-operation

F Leaders of 21 economies meet F Leaders of 21 economies meet

annually - to form world’s largest single economy & k market

F Economic integration goals F Developed economies by 2010 F Developed economies by 2010 F Underdeveloped by 2020 F Core of APEC - trade &

Co e o C t ade & investment liberalisation, facilitation with freedom to invest unrestricted

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invest unrestricted.

Māori business supports h A i h Chi the FTA with China

F Treaty of Waitangi & FTA F Federation of Māori Authorities

“FOMA is aware that the consequence of the FTA is of consequence of the FTA is of significant value to Māori…especially to Māori businesses that are exporting”. (2006)

F 143 members collectively F 143 members collectively

administer about 800,000 acres

F 100,000 beneficial owners

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Other characteristics

F S

ll i l f b i t

F Small, single farm businesses to

diversified enterprises across primary industry sectors, processing & servicing sectors,

F & equity interests in the NZ &

global stock markets global stock markets

F Māori enterprises concentrated

in export-orientated areas of primary production & processing

F 60% of Māori commercial F 60% of Māori commercial

assets are reliant on international trade

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F $NZ16.5 billn value of business

sector (represents 1.5% overall value of NZ commercial assets)

F Risen from $NZ9 billn in 2001 F Risen from $NZ9 billn in 2001 F 96% Chinese tarrifs & trade

barriers will be removed by 2019

F E.g. Benefit to Māori interests

in fisheries sector removal of in fisheries sector, removal of tarrifs imposed by China on live lobster, paua (abalone) are l currently 25-35%.

F Market access important to

Māori FTA facilitates access Māori, FTA facilitates access

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An indigenous perspective, Mā i ti a Māori perspective

F Dean Howard Smith, Mohawk

– Industrial business can be a means of survival & development

F 1st strategy focus on local & survive F 2nd strategy look at the horizons &

and see transfigurations (Te Ruki and see transfigurations (Te Ruki Kawiti)

F Right to Development, TOW & UN

1986

F Consciously develop a distinct

business sector, with it own economy

F Economy of mana (affection) F Economy of mana (affection) F Māori start businesses, create wealth

& employment

F To humanise the NZ and global

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F To humanise the NZ and global

economies is the mission?