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University of Perugia Department Engineering SES-LAB LCA analysis of waste food co-digestion, in Sustainable Energy the framework of i-REXFO LIFE project Systems LABoratory Francesco Fantozzi Universit UNIVERSITA DI PERUGIA CRB

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University

  • f Perugia

Department Engineering SES-LAB Sustainable Energy Systems LABoratory CRB Biomass Research Center

Università

Partner of

www.irexfo.eu

LCA analysis of waste food co-digestion, in the framework of i-REXFO LIFE project Francesco Fantozzi UNIVERSITA’ DI PERUGIA

Dipartimento di Ingegneria

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University

  • f Perugia

Department Engineering SES-LAB Sustainable Energy Systems LABoratory CRB Biomass Research Center

Università

Outline i-REXFO concept Transferability Tool Application to pilot area

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University

  • f Perugia

Department Engineering SES-LAB Sustainable Energy Systems LABoratory CRB Biomass Research Center

Università

WHY THE IREXFO PROJECT?

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University

  • f Perugia

Department Engineering SES-LAB Sustainable Energy Systems LABoratory CRB Biomass Research Center

Università

WHY

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University

  • f Perugia

Department Engineering SES-LAB Sustainable Energy Systems LABoratory CRB Biomass Research Center

Università

HOW Raising Awareness Donation, last minute meal, doggy bags Optimization

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University

  • f Perugia

Department Engineering SES-LAB Sustainable Energy Systems LABoratory CRB Biomass Research Center

Università

HOW Raising Awareness Donation, last minute meal, doggy bags Optimization

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University

  • f Perugia

Department Engineering SES-LAB Sustainable Energy Systems LABoratory CRB Biomass Research Center

Università

  • When food becomes not suitable for human

consumption, there are economic, logistic, legal and cultural barriers, which prevent its reuse: animal feed biogas – energy – fertilizer

HOW

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University

  • f Perugia

Department Engineering SES-LAB Sustainable Energy Systems LABoratory CRB Biomass Research Center

Università

  • When food becomes not suitable for human

consumption, there are economic, logistic, legal and cultural barriers, which prevent its reuse: animal feed biogas – energy – fertilizer

HOW

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University

  • f Perugia

Department Engineering SES-LAB Sustainable Energy Systems LABoratory CRB Biomass Research Center

Università

i-REXFO is an innovative BUSINESS MODEL to reduce waste food  It promotes actions to avoid waste food to be disposed in landfills and to produce bioenergy with the non edible fractions iREXFO will provide an open source tool to transfer the Reduction

  • f Expired Food (REF) chains and the Expired Food Energy (EFE)

chains that will be tested in the Umbria region that is identified as a pilot case study

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University

  • f Perugia

Department Engineering SES-LAB Sustainable Energy Systems LABoratory CRB Biomass Research Center

Università

i- REXFO objective is the reduction of the quantity of waste food which is disposed in landfill.

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University

  • f Perugia

Department Engineering SES-LAB Sustainable Energy Systems LABoratory CRB Biomass Research Center

Università

The i-REXFO model

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University

  • f Perugia

Department Engineering SES-LAB Sustainable Energy Systems LABoratory CRB Biomass Research Center

Università

The i-REXFO model

Waste and surplus food producer Focused on food waste generated by:

  • Food industry;
  • Farms;
  • Big retailers;
  • HORECA sector;
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University

  • f Perugia

Department Engineering SES-LAB Sustainable Energy Systems LABoratory CRB Biomass Research Center

Università

The i-REXFO model

Surplus food user Actions to reduce food waste  consumer awareness  donation to charities  last minute market & doggy bags

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University

  • f Perugia

Department Engineering SES-LAB Sustainable Energy Systems LABoratory CRB Biomass Research Center

Università

The i-REXFO model

Wasted food storage Packaged food Requires separation

  • f boxes, cans & bottles

Unpackaged food can go directly to biogas production

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University

  • f Perugia

Department Engineering SES-LAB Sustainable Energy Systems LABoratory CRB Biomass Research Center

Università

The i-REXFO model

Waste food user Selling bioenergy produced by food waste. The iRexfo business model requires technical environmental and economic sustainability on the entire Life Cycle.

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University

  • f Perugia

Department Engineering SES-LAB Sustainable Energy Systems LABoratory CRB Biomass Research Center

Università

Sostenibilità economica di i-REXFO

Surplus & Waste food Producers

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University

  • f Perugia

Department Engineering SES-LAB Sustainable Energy Systems LABoratory CRB Biomass Research Center

Università

Sostenibilità economica di i-REXFO

Surplus food Users

REF chain – Reduction of Expired Food

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University

  • f Perugia

Department Engineering SES-LAB Sustainable Energy Systems LABoratory CRB Biomass Research Center

Università

Sostenibilità economica di i-REXFO

EFE chain – Expired Food to Energy Waste Food Users

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University

  • f Perugia

Department Engineering SES-LAB Sustainable Energy Systems LABoratory CRB Biomass Research Center

Università

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University

  • f Perugia

Department Engineering SES-LAB Sustainable Energy Systems LABoratory CRB Biomass Research Center

Università

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University

  • f Perugia

Department Engineering SES-LAB Sustainable Energy Systems LABoratory CRB Biomass Research Center

Università

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University

  • f Perugia

Department Engineering SES-LAB Sustainable Energy Systems LABoratory CRB Biomass Research Center

Università

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University

  • f Perugia

Department Engineering SES-LAB Sustainable Energy Systems LABoratory CRB Biomass Research Center

Università

iREXFO is optimised on a Life Cycle perspective

An OPEN SOURCE tool will optimize the:

  • Technical performances;
  • Economic performances;
  • Environmental performances.

production pretreatment EoL use t r a n s p

  • r

t

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University

  • f Perugia

Department Engineering SES-LAB Sustainable Energy Systems LABoratory CRB Biomass Research Center

Università

  • 1. Trasferability tool

+

  • 2. Design
  • 3. Demo - Umbria

  • 4. Transfer - Hungary

Good practices: Denmark

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University

  • f Perugia

Department Engineering SES-LAB Sustainable Energy Systems LABoratory CRB Biomass Research Center

Università

i-REXFO Partners

A + Srl. Outsourced marketing Communication strategy in IT Biogáz Unió ZRT. Transferability (EFE chain) Solidarietà Caritas Onlus Pilot action on REF (charity) Associazione di Volontariato SAN MARTINO Pilot action on REF (charity) ECOPARTNER srl Pilot action on EFE Waste pre-treatment Hungarian Food Bank Association Transferability (REF chain) Noesis snc Reporting and amministration Primetime Kommunikation A/S Communication, good practice Regione Umbria Legislation and permit Azienda Agricola Iraci Borgia Pilot action on EFE (biogas plant) University of Perugia (CO)

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University

  • f Perugia

Department Engineering SES-LAB Sustainable Energy Systems LABoratory CRB Biomass Research Center

Università

Outline i-REXFO concept Transferability Tool Application to pilot area

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University

  • f Perugia

Department Engineering SES-LAB Sustainable Energy Systems LABoratory CRB Biomass Research Center

Università

Transferability tool

  • 1. The transferability tool
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University

  • f Perugia

Department Engineering SES-LAB Sustainable Energy Systems LABoratory CRB Biomass Research Center

Università

Transferability tool

  • 1. The transferability tool
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University

  • f Perugia

Department Engineering SES-LAB Sustainable Energy Systems LABoratory CRB Biomass Research Center

Università

Transferability tool

  • 1. The transferability tool
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University

  • f Perugia

Department Engineering SES-LAB Sustainable Energy Systems LABoratory CRB Biomass Research Center

Università

Transferability tool

  • 1. The transferability tool
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University

  • f Perugia

Department Engineering SES-LAB Sustainable Energy Systems LABoratory CRB Biomass Research Center

Università

  • 2. DESIGN
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University

  • f Perugia

Department Engineering SES-LAB Sustainable Energy Systems LABoratory CRB Biomass Research Center

Università

Transferability tool

  • 1. The transferability tool
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University

  • f Perugia

Department Engineering SES-LAB Sustainable Energy Systems LABoratory CRB Biomass Research Center

Università

Transferability tool

  • 1. The transferability tool
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University

  • f Perugia

Department Engineering SES-LAB Sustainable Energy Systems LABoratory CRB Biomass Research Center

Università

Transferability tool

  • 1. The transferability tool
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University

  • f Perugia

Department Engineering SES-LAB Sustainable Energy Systems LABoratory CRB Biomass Research Center

Università

i-REXFO EXPECTED RESULTS

  • CO2 reduction

8.500 ton/year

  • Waste Food Reduction

3.400 ton/year

  • Water Consumption Reduction

480.000 m3/year

  • Renewable Energy Production

2.800 MWh/year

  • Energy saving

2.400 MWh/year;

  • Land Occupation Reduction

1.100 ha/year

  • Awareness raised

128.000 pax

  • Changing behaviour

25.000 pax

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University

  • f Perugia

Department Engineering SES-LAB Sustainable Energy Systems LABoratory CRB Biomass Research Center

Università

Outline i-REXFO concept Transferability Tool Application to pilot area

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University

  • f Perugia

Department Engineering SES-LAB Sustainable Energy Systems LABoratory CRB Biomass Research Center

Università

Transferability tool

  • 1. The transferability tool
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University

  • f Perugia

Department Engineering SES-LAB Sustainable Energy Systems LABoratory CRB Biomass Research Center

Università

Food waste and surplus availability

SCENARIO 1 Food waste

  • 5 supermarkets in Umbria
  • 18 food industries in Italy

SCENARIO 2 Food waste

  • 18 food industries

Food surplus

  • 5 supermarkets in Umbria

Food waste collection for Charity purposes (Perugia)

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University

  • f Perugia

Department Engineering SES-LAB Sustainable Energy Systems LABoratory CRB Biomass Research Center

Università

Results: Supermarket waste production

(projection year 2019)

Type of food waste Supermarket A Supermarket B Mass (kg) Percentage (%) Mass (kg) Percentage (%) Fruit and vegetables 1,766 58 86,471 82 Meat and fish 479 16 13,770 13 Bread and sweets 1,723 56 350 Canned food n.a.

  • 3,866

4 Frozen food 315 10 1,241 1 Total 3042 100 105,698 100

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University

  • f Perugia

Department Engineering SES-LAB Sustainable Energy Systems LABoratory CRB Biomass Research Center

Università

Results: Food industry waste production

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University

  • f Perugia

Department Engineering SES-LAB Sustainable Energy Systems LABoratory CRB Biomass Research Center

Università

Results: Route optimization process – 1st scenario

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University

  • f Perugia

Department Engineering SES-LAB Sustainable Energy Systems LABoratory CRB Biomass Research Center

Università

Results: Route optimization process – 2nd scenario

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University

  • f Perugia

Department Engineering SES-LAB Sustainable Energy Systems LABoratory CRB Biomass Research Center

Università

Transferability tool

  • 1. The transferability tool
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University

  • f Perugia

Department Engineering SES-LAB Sustainable Energy Systems LABoratory CRB Biomass Research Center

Università

DATABASE - CHEMICAL AND PHYSICAL CHARACTERIZATION

FOOD WASTE CHARACTERISTICS

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University

  • f Perugia

Department Engineering SES-LAB Sustainable Energy Systems LABoratory CRB Biomass Research Center

Università

Results of biogas yields laboratory analysis

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University

  • f Perugia

Department Engineering SES-LAB Sustainable Energy Systems LABoratory CRB Biomass Research Center

Università

Transferability tool

  • 1. The transferability tool
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University

  • f Perugia

Department Engineering SES-LAB Sustainable Energy Systems LABoratory CRB Biomass Research Center

Università

Transferability tool

  • 1. The transferability tool
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University

  • f Perugia

Department Engineering SES-LAB Sustainable Energy Systems LABoratory CRB Biomass Research Center

Università

Environmental Evaluation

ATTRIBUTIONAL LCA (aLCA) CONSEQUENTIAL LCA (cLCA)

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University

  • f Perugia

Department Engineering SES-LAB Sustainable Energy Systems LABoratory CRB Biomass Research Center

Università

Attributional LCA (aLCA)

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University

  • f Perugia

Department Engineering SES-LAB Sustainable Energy Systems LABoratory CRB Biomass Research Center

Università

Results of the aLCA - 1st scenario

FUNCTIONAL UNIT – 1 kWh electric UN-CPC 171 and 173 (Product Category Rules for preparing an Environmental Product Declaration for Electricity, Steam, and Hot and Cold Water Generation and Distribution), Version 3.0

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University

  • f Perugia

Department Engineering SES-LAB Sustainable Energy Systems LABoratory CRB Biomass Research Center

Università

Consequential LCA (cLCA)

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University

  • f Perugia

Department Engineering SES-LAB Sustainable Energy Systems LABoratory CRB Biomass Research Center

Università

ENVIRONMENTAL INDEX

Envi = GHGt + GHGAD + GHGCHP + GHGTR + GHG*SOIL - GHGUREA - GHGEMIX - GHGAFW

ENVi

*PCR on Arable Crops - Environdec

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University

  • f Perugia

Department Engineering SES-LAB Sustainable Energy Systems LABoratory CRB Biomass Research Center

Università

Results of the cLCA

1° scenario 2° scenario

FUNCTIONAL UNIT – 1 kWh electric

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University

  • f Perugia

Department Engineering SES-LAB Sustainable Energy Systems LABoratory CRB Biomass Research Center

Università

Transferability tool

  • 1. The transferability tool
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University

  • f Perugia

Department Engineering SES-LAB Sustainable Energy Systems LABoratory CRB Biomass Research Center

Università

Economic Index (Ei)

Transport costs Calculated using the VRP solver Biogas * Biogas * Plant * Electricity Yield HHV Efficiency Price

Laboratory BMP Tests Scale up of the results

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University

  • f Perugia

Department Engineering SES-LAB Sustainable Energy Systems LABoratory CRB Biomass Research Center

Università

Transferability tool

  • 1. The transferability tool
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University

  • f Perugia

Department Engineering SES-LAB Sustainable Energy Systems LABoratory CRB Biomass Research Center

Università

Economic index calculation first week - year 2020

1st scenario 2nd scenario Hours 38.72 h Hours 36.85 h Distance 1622.29 km Distance 1577.79 km Total collection costs 1626 € Total collection costs 1565 € Total Collected Mass 123.5 t Total Collected Mass 115.8 t Biogas Yields 29370 m3 Biogas Yields 28985 m3 Income 19857 € Income 19597 € Income-costs 18231 € Income-costs 18031 €

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University

  • f Perugia

Department Engineering SES-LAB Sustainable Energy Systems LABoratory CRB Biomass Research Center

Università

EFE Income vs REF costs

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University

  • f Perugia

Department Engineering SES-LAB Sustainable Energy Systems LABoratory CRB Biomass Research Center

Università

Transferability tool

  • 1. The transferability tool
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University

  • f Perugia

Department Engineering SES-LAB Sustainable Energy Systems LABoratory CRB Biomass Research Center

Università

Multiple Attribute Value Parameter

MAVP = Ei *0.5 - Envi * 0.5

The higher is the MAVP the higher is the convenience Envi is usually negative index taking into acount GHG emissions reduction

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University

  • f Perugia

Department Engineering SES-LAB Sustainable Energy Systems LABoratory CRB Biomass Research Center

Università

Sensitivity analysis on the Weigths of the MAVP index

  • scenario 1 the environmental index is low (about 0.03 in average) while

the economic index is high (about 0.71)

  • scenario 2 the environmental index is high (0.73) and the economic

index is also high (0.72), so changing the weights does not change the final result

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University

  • f Perugia

Department Engineering SES-LAB Sustainable Energy Systems LABoratory CRB Biomass Research Center

Università

LIFE 16 ENV/IT/000547

Partner of

budget: 2,324,915 Euro Duration September, 2017 - February, 2021

https://www.linkedin.com/company/i-rexfo/ https://www.facebook.com/iREXFO/ https://twitter.com/iREXFO