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Microbiology of food waste digestion & effects of trace element additions Charles Banks Collected food waste Food waste preparation Commercial garbage grinder no water added Process flow diagram Domestic


  1. ��������� Microbiology of food waste digestion & effects of trace element additions Charles Banks

  2. Collected food waste

  3. Food waste preparation

  4. Commercial garbage grinder – no water added

  5. Process flow diagram Domestic kitchen Biogas food waste Restaurant gas waste collector Digestate Digestate Buffer Macerator Digester storage storage tank pump tank

  6. Digesters used early study Thermophilic Mesophilic

  7. Demonstration plant

  8. Facts, speculation and interpretation Accumulation of VFA after extended period Something accumulating? of time Something depleted? Acetic acid peak replaced by propionic acid Loss of acetoclastic methanogens could lead peak to acetic acid peak Accumulation of ammonia Ammonia known to be toxic to acetoclastic methanogens Can carbon flow to methane in the Could have methane production from absence of acetoclastic methanogens? hydrogen and carbon dioxide (hydrogenotrophic route) Why does propionic acid accumulate? Uneven carbon chain length – breaks down to acetic and formic acids What is the significance of formic acid? Accumulation of formic acid will stop further breakdown of propionic acid Formic acid can only be used by Is there a special enzyme system needed? hydrogenotrophic methanogens Selenium and Tungsten possibly essential Are these commonly added in trace element trace elements for formate reductase formulations? What is the concentration in enzyme system food waste? Can we prove the theory Will need to look at combination of TE trials, metabolic assays and serotyping

  9. Fractional factorial design ��� ������� �� �� �� �� �� � �� �� �� �� � � � � � � � � � � � � � −−−−−−−−−−− � � � � �� �� � � � � � � −−−+++−−−−− � −−+−++−−−−− � � �� � �� � � � � � � � −−++−−−−−−− � � �� �� � � � � � � � � −+−−+−−−−−− � �� � � �� � � � � � � � � �� � �� � � � � � � � −+−+−+−−−−− � � �� �� � � � � � � � � −++−−+−−−−− � � �� �� �� �� � � � � � � −++++−−−−−− � +−−−−+−−−−− �� � � � � � � � � � � �� +−−++−−−−−− �� � � �� �� � � � � � � �� +−+−+−−−−−− �� � �� � �� � � � � � � �� �� � �� �� � � � � � � � +−++−+−−−−− �� �� �� � � �� � � � � � � ++−−++−−−−− �� ++−+−−−−−−− �� �� � �� � � � � � � � �� +++−−−−−−−− �� �� �� � � � � � � � � �� ++++++−−−−− �� �� �� �� �� � � � � � � �� �� �� �� �� �� � �� � � � � +++++++−−−− �� �� �� �� �� �� � �� �� �� � � +++++++++−− �� +++++++++++ �� �� �� �� �� � �� �� �� �� �

  10. Acetic and Propionic acids degradation profiles ����� ����� ����� ������� ���� � ����$� ����� ����� ����� ��������� �� � ��������� �� � ��������� �� � �!���! ����� ����� ����� "��#����! ����� ���������� ����� ����� ���� ���� ���� � � � � �� �� �� �� �� �� � �� �� �� �� �� �� � �� �� �� �� �� �� ����������� ����������� ����������� ����� ����� ���� �������% ���� �������%������$���&����'�� ����� ����% �������( ����� ����� ����� ��������� �� � ��������� �� � ��������� �� � ����� ����� ����� ����� ����� ����� ���� ���� ���� � � � � �� �� �� �� �� �� � �� �� �� �� �� �� � �� �� �� �� �� �� ����������� ����������� �����������

  11. 75-litre digesters

  12. Organic loading rate (OLR) �)� ��������*+,.� �)� ��������*+,.� *+,��-������ �� ������������ �� � ���� � ���� �������% �)� ���� �������%������$����'##������������!������/��������������0����� ���� �������%������$���&����'�� �������( �)� �)� �)� �)� � ��� ��� ��� ��� ��� ��� �����������

  13. Volatile fatty acids profiles ����� ��������*+,.� ��������*+,.� ���� � ����� Started ���� �������% supplementation with Co ���� �������%������$� as well. Returned the Se ���� �������%������$���&����'�� �������( supplementation strength ����� to original concentration ������������������� Double Se ����� supplementation concentration ����� Started Supplementation with Se, Co & Ni ����� Se supplemented accidentally Trace element supplementation ���� stopped in Se,Mo,Co,W,Fe & Ni � � ��� ��� ��� ��� ��� ��� �����������

  14. Digestion efficiency �#�!�/�!�2������#���'!�������("� ���'�����!�2������#���'!�������("� �)��� �)�� �("����"�� � � �� ������������ �� � �)1�� �)�� �("����"�� � -� �� ��� �)��� �)�� ��������*+,.� �)��� �)�� ��������*+,.� ���� � ���� �������% �)��� �)�� ���� �������%������$� ���� �������%������$���&����'�� �������( �)��� �)�� � ��� ��� ��� ��� ��� ��� � ��� ��� ��� ��� ��� ��� ����������� �����������

  15. Other digester parameters 1)�� �)�� 5��������������-���������5���6�#���������-���������"�� #4 �)�� 1)�� �)�� 3)�� 5��6�"� ��������*+,.� �)�� #4 ��������*+,.� 3)�� ���� � �)�� ���� �������% �)�� ���� �������%������$� �)�� ���� �������%������$���&����'�� �������( �)�� �)�� � ��� ��� ��� ��� ��� ��� � ��� ��� ��� ��� ��� ��� ����������� ����������� ��7����#��!������ ��)� 3��� ��������������������������$� ��)� ���� ��)� ���� ��$�����$4 � �$�� �� � ��7�����8� ���� ��)� ��������*+,.� ���� ��)� ��������*+,.� ���� � ���� ��)� ���� �������% ���� �������%������$� ���� ��)� ���� �������%������$���&����'�� �������( � ��)� � ��� ��� ��� ��� ��� ��� � ��� ��� ��� ��� ��� ��� ����������� �����������

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