Lake Creek Instream Flow Study Identifying Key Issues July 2007 - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
Lake Creek Instream Flow Study Identifying Key Issues July 2007 - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
Lake Creek Instream Flow Study Identifying Key Issues July 2007 Lake Creek Instream Flow Issues Review Requests from June Meeting All species on one graph -Example + handout Natural Barriers Effect Species Distribution
Lake Creek – Instream Flow Issues
- Review Requests from June Meeting
– All species on one graph -Example + handout
- Natural Barriers Effect Species Distribution
- Spawning Habitat Limited for All Species
- Accretion Below Packwood Lake
- Opportunity For Solutions
Lake Creek IFIM: SS1, T1-4 Fish Habitat (WUA) vs. Flow
1,000 2,000 3,000 4,000 5,000 6,000 7,000 50 100 150 200 250 300 Streamflow in Cubic Feet Per Second WUA (Sq. Ft. of Habitat per 1000 Ft. of Stream) 50 100 150 200 250 300 WUA (Sq. Ft. of Habitat per 1000 Ft. of Stream) Chinook Rearing Coho Rearing Steelhead Rearing Cutthroat Rearing Rainbow Rearing Trout Winter Rearing Chinook Spawning (Rt Scale) Coho Spawning (Rt Scale) Steelhead Spawning (Rt Scale) Cutthroat Spawning (Rt Scale) Rainbow Spawning (Rt Scale)
Composite WUA – All Life Stages
Fish Distribution
- Below RM 1.03
– Steelhead, Chinook, Coho, Rainbow and Cutthroat Trout
- Between RM 1.03 and 1.95
– Steelhead, Rainbow Trout
- RM 1.95 – 5.4
– Rainbow Trout
Lake Creek Study Sites and Reaches and Fish Distribution
1,000 1,500 2,000 2,500 3,000 3,500 0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 5.5 RM Elevatio n (ft) Rainbow Steelhead Chinook Coho Cutthroat Reach 1 Reach 2 Reach 3 Reach 4 Reach 5 SS1 SS2 SS3 Drop Structure SS4 Barrier Barrier
Lake Creek Spawning Habitat
- Spawning Habitat is Extremely Limited in
Lower Lake Creek
– Of 34 transects:
- 19 have spawning habitat
- 15 do not
– In the Anadromous Zone (Study Sites 1 & 2)
- 4/9 in Study Site 1 have spawning substrate
- 3/11 in Study Site 2 have spawning substrate
500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 1 2 3 4 5 Distance from Mouth (miles) Area of gravel in sq. ft. 0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25% 30% 35% 40% Stream Gradient Gravel Log Jams Gradient Gravel Study Sites Tributaries Reach 1 Reach 2 Reach 3 Reach 4 Reach 5 ` 1 2 3-1 3-2 4-1 4-2 4-3
Table 3. Area of spawning-sized gravel inventoried in Lake Creek (2005 Inventory)
3,903 20,550 8,102 42,660 6.3% 0-5.3 Total 132 50 8.4% 4.9-5.3 5 6,538 7,925 9,599 11,635 4.3% 3.5-4.9 4 3,066 7,550 8,946 22,025 8.0% 1.3-3.5 3 4,479 2,375 11,644 6,175 7.3% 0.7-1.3 2 3,960 2,700 4,070 2,775 2.9% 0-0.7 1 Sq ft/mile Area (sq ft) Sq ft/mile Area (sq ft) Gravel in bankfull channel* Gravel in wetted channel Average Gradient River Mile Reach
27.1 26.8 17.5 17.3 3.1 3.7 Annual 40.6 40.2 26.2 25.8 4.6 5.5 Dec 21.4 21.2 13.8 13.6 2.4 2.9 Nov 9.6 9.5 6.2 6.1 1.1 1.3 Oct 8.9 8.8 5.7 5.6 1.0 1.2 Sept 10.3 10.2 6.7 6.6 1.2 1.4 Aug 15.5 15.3 10.0 9.9 1.8 2.1 July 24.3 24.1 15.7 15.5 2.8 3.3 June 28.8 28.5 18.6 18.3 3.3 3.9 May 32.5 32.1 20.9 20.7 3.7 4.4 Apr 36.1 35.8 23.3 23.0 4.1 4.9 Mar 41.3 40.9 26.7 26.3 4.7 5.6 Feb 56.1 55.5 36.2 35.7 6.4 7.6 Jan Added Flow in cfs per Month at Each Study Site cfs/mile2 Month 7.38 7.30 4.76 4.70 0.84 Added Drainage Area SS1-T1-4 SS1-T5-9 SS2-T1 SS2-T2-8 SS3 SS4 Study Site Lake Creek Inflow at Each Study Site
John Serl, WDFW Fish Biologist, Cowlitz Falls (May 10, 2007) Based on:
Rearing Incubation Spawning Rainbow Trout Rearing Incubation Spawning Cutthroat Trout Rearing Incubation Spawning Steelhead Rearing Incubation Spawning Coho Rearing Incubation Spawning Spring Chinook
Sept Aug July June May April Mar Feb Jan Dec Nov Oct
Lifestage Species
Lake Creek Fish Periodicity
Weighted Usable Area
- Index of Habitat Quantity
– Square feet of habitat/ 1000 linear feet of stream
- Does not Indicate the Quality of the
Habitat
– Small amount of very good habitat
- or
– Large amount of marginal habitat
Opportunity For Solutions
- Focus on Fish Habitat
- Create Instream Structure to Retain Spawning
Gravel and Add Complexity
- Solutions May Include
– Habitat Improvements – Flow Levels – Lake Level – Other Solutions
Large Wood per Mile in Wetted Channel 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 1 2 3 4 5 Reach Wood pieces/mile Small Medium Large
Effects of Enhanced Spawning Substrate Analysis Method
- Selected potential spawning transects in
SS1(T1-3,7,8) & SS4 (T4,6,8,9,11)
- Substrate at all stations within the Mid
Flow WSE was set to HSI of 0.9 to 1.0
- Remaining transects had original substrate
- All transects kept original weighting
- Results reflect All transects in SS (not only
enhanced)
Transect Weighting for Study Site 1 Transect Transect Description Weighting 1* Glide 16.67% 2* Run 16.67% 3* Low Gradient Cascade/Run 20.83% 4 Plunge Pool Tailout 2.08% 5 Plunge Pool 5.00% 6 Run 16.67% 7* Plunge Pool Tailout 2.08% 8* Low Gradient Cascade/Plunge Pool 15.00% 9 Plunge Pool 5.00% Total 100% * = Transects with enhanced spawning substrate
Transect Weighting, Study Site 4 (Reach 5) Transect Transect Description Percentage 1 Wide Run 2 Plunge Pool 3 Narrow Run (boulder and cobble) 8.33% 8.33% 8.33% 4* Pool (bedrock on sides; cobble/boulder on margins 8.33% 5 Split Channel Glide ((boulder/cobble) 8.33% 6* Run (below plunge pool) 8.33% 7 Split Channel w/lateral pool 12.50% 8* Wide Glide 8.33% 9* Pool Tailout 12.50% 10 Wide Pool 8.33% 11* Riffle (gravel and cobble) 8.33% 100% * = Transects with enhanced substrate
SS1, T2 Bed Profile and Original Spawning Substrate Preference
98.0 98.5 99.0 99.5 100.0 100.5 101.0 101.5 102.0 102.5 103.0
2 3 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 15 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 25 27
Station (ft) Elevation (ft) 0.00 0.10 0.20 0.30 0.40 0.50 0.60 0.70 0.80 0.90 1.00 Spawning Preference Chinook/Coho Spawning Substrate Preference Steelhead Spawning Substrate Preference Cutthroat Spawning Substrate Preference Rainbow Spawning Substrate Preference T2 Bed Profile
41.0 CFS WSE 25.5 CFS WSE 12.5 CFS WSE
SS1, T2 Bed Profile and Enhanced Spawning Substrate Preference
98.0 98.5 99.0 99.5 100.0 100.5 101.0 101.5 102.0 102.5 103.0
2 3 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 15 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 25 27
Station (ft) Elevation (ft) 0.00 0.10 0.20 0.30 0.40 0.50 0.60 0.70 0.80 0.90 1.00 Spawning Preference Chinook/Coho Spawning Substrate Preference Steelhead Spawning Substrate Preference Cutthroat Spawning Substrate Preference Rainbow Spawning Substrate Preference T2 Bed Profile
41.0 CFS WSE 25.5 CFS WSE 12.5 CFS WSE
Lake Creek Mid Flow - Study Site 1, Transect 2
SS4, T8 Bed Profile and Spawning Preference
95.0 95.5 96.0 96.5 97.0 97.5 98.0 98.5 99.0 99.5 100.0 100.5 101.0 101.5 102.0 102.5 103.0 103.5 104.0
0.0 1.9 4.0 13.0 14.0 15.0 16.0 17.0 18.0 18.9 20.0 20.8 21.6 22.4 23.2 24.0 24.8 25.6 26.4 27.2 28.0 28.8 29.6 30.4 31.2 32.0 32.8 33.6 34.1 34.9 35.8
Station (ft) Elevation (ft) 0.00 0.10 0.20 0.30 0.40 0.50 0.60 0.70 0.80 0.90 1.00 Spawning Preference Rainbow Spawning Substrate Preference T8 Bed Profile
6.0 CFS WSE 17.5 CFS WSE 33.0 CFS WSE
SS4, T8 Bed Profile and Enhanced Spawning Preference
95.0 95.5 96.0 96.5 97.0 97.5 98.0 98.5 99.0 99.5 100.0 100.5 101.0 101.5 102.0 102.5 103.0 103.5 104.0
0.0 1.9 4.0 13.0 14.0 15.0 16.0 17.0 18.0 18.9 20.0 20.8 21.6 22.4 23.2 24.0 24.8 25.6 26.4 27.2 28.0 28.8 29.6 30.4 31.2 32.0 32.8 33.6 34.1 34.9 35.8
Station (ft) Elevation (ft) 0.00 0.10 0.20 0.30 0.40 0.50 0.60 0.70 0.80 0.90 1.00 Spawning Preference Rainbow Spawning Substrate Preference T8 Bed Profile
6.0 CFS WSE 17.5 CFS WSE 33.0 CFS WSE
Lake Creek Mid Flow - Study Site 4, Transect 8
Lake Creek IFIM August: Chinook Spawning Habitat (WUA) vs. Flow
1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 6000 50 100 150 200 250 Streamflow in Cubic Feet Per Second WUA (Sq. Ft. of Habitat per 1000 Ft. of Stream) Original 40% Enhanced 60% Enhanced 80% Enhanced 100% Enhanced
Lake Creek IFIM January: Coho Spawning Habitat (WUA) vs. Flow
500 1,000 1,500 2,000 2,500 3,000 3,500 4,000 4,500 5,000 50 100 150 200 250 Streamflow in Cubic Feet Per Second WUA (Sq. Ft. of Habitat per 1000 Ft. of Stream) Original 40% Enhanced 60% Enhanced 80% Enhanced 100% Enhanced
Lake Creek IFIM June: Steelhead Spawning Habitat (WUA) vs. Flow
500 1,000 1,500 2,000 2,500 50 100 150 200 250 Streamflow in Cubic Feet Per Second WUA (Sq. Ft. of Habitat per 1000 Ft. of Stream) Original 40% Enhanced 60% Enhanced 80% Enhanced 100% Enhanced
Lake Creek IFIM May: Rainbow Spawning Habitat (WUA) vs. Flow
100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000 50 100 150 200 250 Streamflow in Cubic Feet Per Second WUA (Sq. Ft. of Habitat per 1000 Ft. of Stream) Original 40% Enhanced 60% Enhanced 80% Enhanced 100% Enhanced
Lake Creek IFIM February: Cutthroat Spawning Habitat (WUA) vs. Flow
100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000 50 100 150 200 250 Streamflow in Cubic Feet Per Second WUA (Sq. Ft. of Habitat per 1000 Ft. of Stream)
Original 40% Enhanced 60% Enhanced 80% Enhanced 100% Enhanced
Lake Creek IFIM: Study Site 1, Transects 1-9, Chinook Spawning WUA (5 transects converted to good spawning gravel)
Flow Original WUA 40% Enhanced WUA % WUA Increase 60% Enhanced WUA % WUA Increase 80% Enhanced WUA % WUA Increase 100% Enhanced WUA % WUA Increase 5 29.7 N/A 44.5 N/A 59.4 N/A 74.2 N/A 6 51.1 N/A 76.7 N/A 102.3 N/A 127.9 N/A 7 82.7 N/A 124.1 N/A 165.4 N/A 206.8 N/A 8 124.1 N/A 186.1 N/A 248.1 N/A 310.2 N/A 9 0.4 174.7 N/A 262.0 N/A
349.3
78,971
436.6
98,739 10 1.4 222.4 N/A
333.5
24,419 444.7 32,592 555.9 40,765 11 4.0 282.6 7,012 423.7 10,565 564.9 14,118 706.0 17,671 12 6.6
342.8
5,105 513.9 7,704 685.0 10,302 856.2 12,900 13 9.2 403.0 4,281 604.1 6,468 805.2 8,654 1,006.3 10,840 14 11.8 463.2 3,822 694.3 5,778 925.4 7,735 1,156.5 9,691 15 14.4 523.5 3,529 784.5 5,339 1,045.6 7,149 1,306.6 8,959 16 32.4 605.2 1,765 906.8 2,695 1,208.4 3,625 1,510.0 4,554 18 68.5 768.5 1,022 1,151.3 1,581 1,534.0 2,140 1,916.7 2,699 20 104.5 931.9 792 1,395.7 1,236 1,859.6 1,679 2,323.4 2,123 25 199.8 1,302.1 552 1,948.7 876 2,595.4 1,199 3,242.1 1,523 30 259.3 1,618.8 524 2,421.4 834 3,223.9 1,143 4,026.5 1,453 35 284.3 1,870.1 558 2,795.1 883 3,720.2 1,209 4,645.3 1,534 40 301.7 2,132.8 607 3,185.0 956 4,237.1 1,304 5,289.3 1,653 45
322.4
2,417.0 650 3,605.0 1,018 4,792.9 1,387 5,980.8 1,755 50 310.8 2,639.5 749 3,933.3 1,166 5,227.1 1,582 6,520.9 1,998 55 277.3 2,790.3 906 4,153.9 1,398 5,517.5 1,890 6,881.2 2,382 60 227.4 2,850.2 1,153 4,239.0 1,764 5,627.9 2,374 7,016.7 2,985 65 171.7 2,870.9 1,572 4,266.9 2,385 5,663.0 3,197 7,059.0 4,010 70 152.5 2,899.4 1,801 4,307.5 2,724 5,715.7 3,648 7,123.8 4,571 75 135.0 2,888.8 2,040 4,289.8 3,078 5,690.9 4,115 7,091.9 5,153 100 175.1 2,795.9 1,497 4,130.6 2,259 5,465.3 3,021 6,800.0 3,783 125 225.2 2,967.0 1,217 4,351.4 1,832 5,735.7 2,447 7,120.1 3,061 150 251.2 2,712.7 980 3,957.6 1,475 5,202.5 1,971 6,447.4 2,466 175 261.5 2,507.7 859 3,643.3 1,293 4,779.0 1,727 5,914.6 2,161 200 265.9 2,280.3 758 3,294.4 1,139 4,308.5 1,521 5,322.6 1,902 225 261.0 2,040.9 682 2,933.6 1,024 3,826.4 1,366 4,719.2 1,708 250 239.1 1,823.9 663 2,616.5 995 3,409.1 1,326 4,201.7 1,658 275 214.3 1,631.3 661 2,339.8 992 3,048.3 1,323 3,756.9 1,653 300 197.6 1,489.1 654 2,134.9 981 2,780.6 1,308 3,426.4 1,634 325 173.3 1,342.8 675 1,927.5 1,012 2,512.3 1,350 3,097.0 1,687
Lake Creek IFIM: Study Site 1, Transects 1-9, Coho Spawning WUA (5 transects converted to good spawning gravel)
Flow Original WUA 40% Enhanced WUA % WUA Increase 60% Enhanced WUA % WUA Increase 80% Enhanced WUA % WUA Increase 100% Enhanced WUA % WUA Increase 5 14.1 638.7 4,417 1,202.6 8,404 1,288.9 9,014 1,596.8 11,192 6 21.2 740.8 3,391 1,376.8 6,388 1,498.5 6,962 1,852.0 8,628 7 29.0 842.8 2,807 1,548.9 5,243 1,708.6 5,794 2,106.9 7,168 8 37.9 943.4 2,390 1,718.5 4,437 1,916.1 4,958 2,358.5 6,126 9 47.4 1,045.8 2,107 1,887.7 3,883 2,129.1 4,393 2,614.6 5,417 10 57.3 1,144.7 1,897 2,051.4 3,478 2,333.7 3,970 2,861.7 4,891 11 70.1 1,230.8 1,656 2,188.7 3,022 2,508.5 3,478 3,074.7 4,286 12 82.9 1,316.9 1,489 2,326.1 2,707 2,683.3 3,138 3,287.7 3,868 13 95.6 1,403.0 1,367 2,463.4 2,476 2,858.1 2,889 3,500.7 3,561 14 108.4 1,489.1 1,274 2,600.8 2,299 3,032.9 2,698 3,713.7 3,326 15 121.2 1,575.2 1,200 2,738.1 2,160 3,207.7 2,548 3,926.7 3,141 16 129.8 1,635.9 1,161 2,831.7 2,082 3,330.8 2,467 4,076.4 3,041 18 147.0 1,757.3 1,095 3,019.0 1,953 3,577.0 2,333 4,375.7 2,876 20 164.3 1,878.8 1,044 3,206.3 1,852 3,823.2 2,227 4,674.9 2,746 25 178.8 2,115.0 1,083 3,560.4 1,892 4,308.6 2,310 5,254.7 2,840 30 180.8 2,305.5 1,175 3,846.0 2,028 4,700.4 2,500 5,719.2 3,064 35 165.1 2,440.1 1,378 4,044.5 2,349 4,971.4 2,911 6,035.8 3,555 40 151.1 2,521.5 1,569 4,149.0 2,645 5,132.7 3,296 6,212.4 4,011 45 144.9 2,563.1 1,669 4,191.2 2,792 5,216.8 3,500 6,292.4 4,243 50 140.4 2,570.0 1,731 4,183.2 2,880 5,230.4 3,626 6,288.6 4,380 55 139.3 2,554.4 1,734 4,139.6 2,872 5,198.5 3,632 6,231.3 4,374 60 137.5 2,513.7 1,728 4,053.7 2,849 5,115.6 3,621 6,112.7 4,346 65 140.1 2,462.2 1,658 3,954.1 2,722 5,011.9 3,477 5,967.8 4,160 70 147.3 2,403.8 1,532 3,842.7 2,509 4,894.3 3,223 5,805.8 3,842 75 154.9 2,360.0 1,424 3,753.4 2,323 4,804.6 3,002 5,679.9 3,567 100 273.4 2,273.7 731 3,499.0 1,180 4,541.9 1,561 5,292.2 1,835 125 464.4 2,261.3 387 3,334.5 618 4,326.4 832 4,968.6 970 150 458.6 1,956.0 326 2,855.7 523 3,670.7 700 4,211.4 818 175 335.4 1,617.3 382 2,395.0 614 3,083.3 819 3,546.4 957 200 219.6 1,335.6 508 2,014.7 817 2,622.9 1,094 3,012.8 1,272 225 132.1 1,109.7 740 1,706.0 1,192 2,246.0 1,601 2,577.0 1,851 250 62.6 928.6 1,384 1,457.5 2,229 1,941.6 3,003 2,227.6 3,460 275 39.2 825.6 2,004 1,307.5 3,232 1,751.4 4,363 2,005.2 5,009 300 26.3 742.3 2,726 1,181.9 4,399 1,590.4 5,954 1,816.4 6,814 325 14.7 663.8 4,404 1,062.0 7,106 1,437.3 9,653 1,637.3 11,010
Lake Creek IFIM: Study Site 1, Transects 1-9, Steelhead Spawning WUA (5 transects converted to good spawning gravel)
Flow Original WUA 40% Enhanced WUA % WUA Increase 60% Enhanced WUA % WUA Increase 80% Enhanced WUA % WUA Increase 100% Enhanced WUA % WUA Increase 5 0.0 25.1 N/A 37.6 N/A 50.1 N/A 62.7 N/A 6 0.0 43.4 N/A 65.1 N/A 86.8 N/A 108.5 N/A 7 0.0 62.7 N/A 94.1 N/A 125.5 N/A 156.8 N/A 8 0.0 84.3 N/A 126.4 N/A 168.6 N/A 210.7 N/A 9 0.1 111.2 N/A 166.8 N/A 222.4 N/A 278.1 N/A 10 0.9 141.2 N/A 211.8 N/A 282.5 N/A 353.1 37,857 11 4.4 179.5 4,010 269.3 6,066 359.1 8,121 448.8 10,176 12 7.8 217.8 2,691 326.8 4,086 435.7 5,482 544.6 6,877 13 11.2 256.2 2,178 384.2 3,317 512.3 4,457 640.4 5,596 14 14.7 294.5 1,906 441.7 2,909 588.9 3,912 736.2 4,914 15 18.1 332.8 1,737 499.2 2,655 665.6 3,573 831.9 4,492 16 25.1 380.8 1,419 571.1 2,178 761.4 2,936 951.7 3,695 18 39.0 477.0 1,123 715.0 1,734 953.1 2,344 1,191.2 2,955 20 52.9 573.1 983 859.0 1,524 1,144.8 2,064 1,430.6 2,604 25 98.7 825.1 736 1,235.6 1,152 1,646.1 1,568 2,056.7 1,984 30 151.6 1,050.2 593 1,572.0 937 2,093.7 1,281 2,615.5 1,625 35 209.9 1,256.6 499 1,880.1 796 2,503.5 1,093 3,127.0 1,390 40 260.5 1,464.7 462 2,190.5 741 2,916.4 1,020 3,642.3 1,298 45 284.3 1,650.6 481 2,467.8 768 3,285.0 1,055 4,102.2 1,343 50 297.4 1,825.8 514 2,728.8 818 3,631.8 1,121 4,534.8 1,425 55 244.7 1,946.5 695 2,907.6 1,088 3,868.8 1,481 4,829.9 1,874 60 236.6 2,066.3 773 3,085.0 1,204 4,103.8 1,634 5,122.5 2,065 65 213.3 2,140.1 903 3,193.5 1,397 4,246.9 1,891 5,300.3 2,385 70 161.6 2,178.4 1,248 3,248.8 1,910 4,319.2 2,572 5,389.6 3,235 75 139.6 2,208.0 1,482 3,291.2 2,258 4,374.4 3,033 5,457.6 3,809 100 148.1 2,129.7 1,338 3,159.9 2,034 4,190.1 2,730 5,220.4 3,426 125 161.0 2,159.8 1,242 3,191.6 1,883 4,223.5 2,524 5,255.3 3,164 150 137.1 1,993.4 1,354 2,943.7 2,047 3,894.0 2,741 4,844.3 3,434 175 120.7 1,829.5 1,416 2,698.1 2,136 3,566.6 2,855 4,435.2 3,575 200 123.5 1,665.0 1,248 2,448.2 1,883 3,231.4 2,517 4,014.6 3,151 225 123.1 1,465.9 1,090 2,146.4 1,643 2,827.0 2,196 3,507.6 2,749 250 123.1 1,319.7 972 1,924.4 1,463 2,529.1 1,955 3,133.7 2,446 275 122.7 1,197.3 875 1,738.1 1,316 2,278.9 1,757 2,819.8 2,197 300 123.4 1,075.8 772 1,553.4 1,159 2,031.0 1,546 2,508.6 1,933 325 125.8 974.1 674 1,398.5 1,012 1,822.8 1,349 2,247.2 1,686
Lake Creek IFIM: Study Site 4, Transects 1-11, Rainbow Spawning WUA (5 transects converted to good spawning gravel)
Flow Original WUA 40% Enhanced WUA % WUA Increase 60% Enhanced WUA % WUA Increase 80% Enhanced WUA % WUA Increase 100% Enhanced WUA % WUA Increase 5 115.4 254.4 120 362.9 214 471.3 308 579.8 402 6 135.6 291.7 115 415.7 207 539.6 298 663.6 390 7 155.7 329.0 111 468.5 201 608.0 290 747.5 380 8 175.9 366.2 108 521.3 196 676.3 285 831.3 373 9 196.1 403.5 106 574.1 193 744.6 280 915.2 367 10 216.2 440.8 104 626.9 190 813.0 276 999.1 362 11 243.5 485.4 99 687.0 182 888.7 265 1,090.3 348 12 270.7 529.9 96 747.2 176 964.4 256 1,181.6 336 13 298.0 574.5 93 807.3 171 1,040.1 249 1,272.9 327 14 325.2 619.1 90 867.4 167 1,115.8 243 1,364.2 319 15 352.5 663.6 88 927.6 163 1,191.5 238 1,455.5 313 16 370.6 694.0 87 969.1 161 1,244.2 236 1,519.3 310 18 406.9 754.7 85 1,052.1 159 1,349.5 232 1,647.0 305 20 443.2 815.4 84 1,135.1 156 1,454.9 228 1,774.7 300 25 461.5 850.1 84 1,186.0 157 1,521.8 230 1,857.7 303 30 443.9 832.8 88 1,164.0 162 1,495.2 237 1,826.4 311 35 406.2 796.5 96 1,118.3 175 1,440.1 255 1,761.9 334 40 369.0 752.0 104 1,062.5 188 1,373.0 272 1,683.5 356 45 342.8 711.5 108 1,011.5 195 1,311.4 283 1,611.4 370 50 325.5 674.8 107 961.4 195 1,248.0 283 1,534.6 372 55 318.8 654.9 105 931.7 192 1,208.6 279 1,485.4 366 60 312.8 638.6 104 906.4 190 1,174.3 275 1,442.1 361 65 303.0 633.5 109 901.5 197 1,169.5 286 1,437.6 374 70 295.2 630.1 113 898.3 204 1,166.4 295 1,434.5 386 75 293.1 630.4 115 897.2 206 1,164.0 297 1,430.8 388 100 347.6 725.2 109 1,010.2 191 1,295.2 273 1,580.2 355 125 332.0 709.8 114 986.0 197 1,262.1 280 1,538.3 363 150 309.2 639.6 107 897.4 190 1,155.3 274 1,413.1 357 175 282.8 576.9 104 820.7 190 1,064.6 276 1,308.5 363 200 265.4 538.2 103 774.5 192 1,010.8 281 1,247.0 370 225 272.6 538.3 97 775.0 184 1,011.8 271 1,248.5 358 250 274.4 533.0 94 768.7 180 1,004.4 266 1,240.2 352 275 270.7 518.9 92 751.4 178 983.8 263 1,216.3 349 300 267.8 506.7 89 506.7 89 737.3 175 968.0 261 325 125.8 974.1 674 1,398.5 1,012 1,822.8 1,349 2,247.2 1,686
Lake Creek IFIM: Study Site 1, Transects 1-9, Cutthroat Spawning WUA (5 transects converted to good spawning gravel)
Flow Original WUA 40% Enhanced WUA % WUA Increase 60% Enhanced WUA % WUA Increase 80% Enhanced WUA % WUA Increase 100% Enhanced WUA % WUA Increase 5 15.0 629.2 4,095 943.8 6,192 1,258.4 8,290 1,573.0 10,387 6 27.5 721.0 2,523 1,081.4 3,835 1,441.9 5,146 1,802.4 6,458 7 41.6 791.6 1,801 1,187.4 2,752 1,583.3 3,703 1,979.1 4,653 8 72.1 862.2 1,096 1,293.3 1,693 1,724.4 2,291 2,155.5 2,889 9 100.0 900.9 801 1,351.4 1,252 1,801.9 1,703 2,252.4 2,153 10 111.7 909.2 714 1,363.7 1,121 1,818.3 1,528 2,272.9 1,935 11 105.4 910.9 764 1,366.4 1,196 1,821.8 1,628 2,277.3 2,060 12 99.2 912.7 820 1,369.0 1,281 1,825.4 1,741 2,281.7 2,201 13 92.9 914.4 884 1,371.7 1,376 1,828.9 1,868 2,286.1 2,360 14 86.7 916.2 957 1,374.3 1,486 1,832.4 2,014 2,290.5 2,543 15 80.4 918.0 1,042 1,377.0 1,612 1,835.9 2,183 2,294.9 2,754 16 73.2 891.3 1,118 1,336.9 1,727 1,782.6 2,336 2,228.2 2,945 18 58.7 837.9 1,328 1,256.9 2,042 1,675.8 2,756 2,094.8 3,470 20 44.2 784.5 1,675 1,176.8 2,563 1,569.0 3,451 1,961.3 4,338 25 16.7 737.6 4,312 1,106.4 6,519 1,475.2 8,725 1,844.0 10,931 30 6.2 654.9 10,460 982.3 15,741 1,309.8 21,021 1,637.2 26,301 35 3.0 558.0 18,323 837.1 27,535 1,116.1 36,747 1,395.1 45,958 40 1.9 483.2 24,888 724.8 37,382 966.4 49,876 1,208.0 62,370 45 1.0 425.4 43,083 638.2 64,674 850.9 86,266 1,063.6 107,857 50 0.4 375.6 84,924 563.4 127,437 751.2 169,949 939.0 212,461 55 0.1 336.7 249,225 505.0 373,888 673.3 498,550 841.6 623,213 60 0.0 289.6 N/A 434.4 N/A 579.3 N/A 724.1 N/A 65 0.0 244.0 N/A 366.0 N/A 488.0 N/A 610.0 N/A 70 0.0 205.5 N/A 308.2 N/A 411.0 N/A 513.7 N/A 75 0.0 181.4 N/A 272.1 N/A 362.8 N/A 453.5 N/A 100 0.0 126.0 N/A 189.0 N/A 252.0 N/A 315.0 N/A 125 0.0 96.0 N/A 144.0 N/A 192.0 N/A 240.0 N/A 150 0.0 60.8 N/A 91.2 N/A 121.7 N/A 152.1 N/A 175 0.0 49.7 N/A 74.6 N/A 99.4 N/A 124.3 N/A 200 0.0 42.0 N/A 63.1 N/A 84.1 N/A 105.1 N/A 225 0.0 35.6 N/A 53.4 N/A 71.2 N/A 89.1 N/A 250 0.0 30.7 N/A 46.1 N/A 61.5 N/A 76.9 N/A 275 0.0 27.0 N/A 40.6 N/A 54.1 N/A 67.6 N/A 300 0.0 23.3 N/A 35.0 N/A 46.6 N/A 58.3 N/A 325 0.0 20.2 N/A 30.3 N/A 40.4 N/A 50.5 N/A
Summary of Effects of Enhanced Substrate
Species and (Location) Original Max WUA (Static) Flow (cfs) for enhanced substrate where WUA meets
- r exceeds original WUA with existing substrate
Species Flow WUA 40% 60% 80% 100% Chinook (SS1) 45 322 12 10 9 9 Coho (SS1) 125 464 5 5 5 5 Steelhead(SS1) 50 297 15 12 11 10 Cutthroat (SS1) 10 112 5 5 5 5 Rainbow (SS4) 25 461 11 7 5 5
What Looks Promising
- Increase spawning habitat
– Reaches 1 (anadromous)
- Placement of LWD structures to retain gravel
- If needed, gravel recruitment stations
– Reach 5 (resident rainbow)
- Placement of LWD structures to retain gravel
- If needed, gravel recruitment stations
- Boulder clusters for pocket water
Monitoring enhancement to verify usefulness Monitoring accretion to verify variation of inflow
What Looks Promising
- Other Benefits
– Added LWD = better rearing (cover & hydraulic complexity) – Added LWD = better holding for spawners (cover & depth) – Added LWD = more hydraulic jumps, more frequent and deeper pools – Added Boulder Clusters = better rearing (cover & hydraulic complexity)
LWD & Gravel – Lake Creek Reach 1 - 2007
Steelhead Redd Below LWD – Lake Creek Reach 1
Examples of Enhanced Streams Middle Fork Nooksack Side Channel
WF Hood River, OR
Whatcom Cr., Bellingham, WA
Clackamas River, OR
Discussion & Questions
- Methods
- Results
- Priority Areas
- Priority Species
- Information Needs
- Next Steps