labour market structure Juan Chacaltana ILO Employment Specialist - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Oct 11, 2023 155 likes •240 views

Economic sectors, firm size and labour market structure Juan Chacaltana ILO Employment Specialist (chacaltana@ilo.org) Presentation at the Jobs Conference. 12,13 december. Geneva. Asia World Family workers 100 100 Own account workers 90

SLIDE 1

Economic sectors, firm size and labour market structure

Juan Chacaltana ILO Employment Specialist (chacaltana@ilo.org) Presentation at the Jobs Conference. 12,13 december. Geneva.

SLIDE 2

10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100

World

Employers 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100

Asia

10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100

LAC

10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100

Africa

Family workers Own account workers Employees

Vertical axis: informality rates, horizontal axis: cumulative % of employment Source: Chacaltana and Leung. Forthcoming

SLIDE 3

10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 20 40 60 80 100

10-49 50 + World 1 2-9

10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 20 40 60 80 100

Asia

10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 20 40 60 80 100

LAC

10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 20 40 60 80 100

Africa

Vertical axis: informality rates, horizontal axis: cumulative % of employment Source: Chacaltana and Leung. Forthcoming

SLIDE 4

0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 4 4.5 20 40 60 80 100 Ratio by sector: % value added/ % employment [Ratio agriculture = 1] % employment (cumulated)

World

Services Industry Agriculture

0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 4 4.5 20 40 60 80 100 Ratio by sector: % value added/ % employment [Ratio agriculture = 1] % employment (cumulated)

Asia and the Pacific

Services Industry Agriculture

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 20 40 60 80 100 Ratio by sector: % value added/ % employment [Ratio agriculture = 1] % employment (cumulated)

Africa

Services Industry Agriculture

0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100

Ratio by sector: % value added/ % employment [Ratio agriculture = 1] % employment (cumulated)

Latin America and the Caribbean

Services Industry Agriculture

Source: Chacaltana and Leung. Forthcoming

SLIDE 5

The case of Peru: Output per worker by economic sector

20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 200 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100% Output per worker (000s S/. 1994) Cumulative % of employment

Comercio, restaurantes y hoteles (21.3%) Construcción (4%) Servicios (21.9%) Transporte, almacenamiento y comunicaciones (7.4%) Ind. Manufactura (9.9%) Minería (1.7%) Electricidad, gas y agua (0.2%) Agricultura, caza, silvicultura y pesca (27.2%) Finanzas (6.3%)

High Productivity Low productivity Medium Productivity

Source: Infante and Chacaltana 2014

SLIDE 6

Peru: Output per worker by economic sector and informality

Minería informal Otros servicios informales Transporte informal Construcción informal Manufactura informal

Rest. y alojamiento informal

Comercio informal Agro y pesca informal Minería formal

Rest. y alojamiento formal

Comercio formal Agro y pesca formal Otros servicios formales Construcción formal Manufactura formal Transporte formal

Output per worker (USD 2007, thousands) Total workers (%)

Formal mining/energy Formal Manufacturing Formal transport Other formal services Formal Construction Informal mining/energy Formal agriculture, forestry and fishing Formal trade Formal hospitality and restaurants. Informal agriculture and fishing Other informal services Informal transport Informal trade Informal hospitality and restaurants Informal manufacturing Informal construction

Source: Chacaltana 2016

SLIDE 7

Sector and firm size (Peru)

Production Small Medium Large

Total Agriculture 4.6% 0.6% 0.4% 5.5% Mining, energy (oil, gas, electricity) 0.2% 0.2% 11.1% 11.5% Manufacturing 5.6% 5.5% 18.7% 29.9% Construction 2.4% 2.1% 2.2% 6.7% Commerce, retail, repair 3.5% 2.3% 3.4% 9.3% Transport, storage, 3.5% 0.6% 2.6% 6.7% Hospitality and restaurants 2.3% 0.9% 0.5% 3.7% Other services 5.5% 5.2% 15.9% 26.7% Total 27.7% 17.2% 55.0% 100.0%

Intermediate consumption Small Medium Large

Total Agriculture 4.3% 1.7% 4.3% 10.2% Mining, Energy (oil, gas, electricity) 0.3% 0.3% 10.3% 10.8% Manufacturing 13.7% 10.3% 21.8% 45.8% Construction 0.1% 0.1% 0.6% 0.8% Commerce, retail, repair 0.7% 0.1% 0.5% 1.3% Transport, storage, 1.4% 1.4% 4.7% 7.5% Hospitality and restaurants 0.1% 0.2% 0.6% 0.8% Other services 2.3% 5.0% 15.5% 22.8% Total 22.8% 18.8% 58.4% 100.0%

Source: Gonzalez de Olarte et al (2014)