Korea Environment Institute (KEI) ASEAN Centre for Biodiversity - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Sustainable management of ASEAN Heritage Parks through valuing and improving eco-tourism

Korea Environment Institute (KEI) ASEAN Centre for Biodiversity (ACB) Makiling Forest, Tarutao National Park

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Contents

Designing BBI pilot-project

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Introduction 1 3 Results of the project Conclusion 4

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Introduction 1

Background

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• Eco-tourism is one of the most important ecosystem

services, providing a powerful incentive for national and local economies which is also highlighted in SBSTTA20.

• ASEAN Member States declared ‘ASEAN Heritage

Parks(AHPs)’ to increase effectiveness of management, including eco-tourism, on certain protected areas with high conservation importance.

Location of 37 AHPs

Background

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• However, due to lack of data, it

is a challenge to monitor eco- tourism and set specific management plan for eco- tourism in AHPs.

⇒ ASEAN Centre for

Biodiversity(ACB) asked for a science/technology-based approach that can be easily utilized in AHPs to assess status of eco-tourism.

Dynamic population mapping using mobile phone data Deville et al. 2014

Objectives

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• Korea Environment Institute (KEI), in collaboration with

ASEAN Centre for Biodiversity (ACB), will apply an innovative modeling approach using social big-data to examine the current status of management, and support the development of related management strategies encouraging eco-tourism that enhances cultural services in AHPs.

⇛ Measuring and mapping the value of nature-based tourism & recreation to a place ⇛ Understanding what characteristics of the ecosystem attract tourists

• r deter them from visiting

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Designing BBI pilot-project 2

Key Elements of BBI

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Reflectin ecting needs of developing loping countri ntries es Collabo borati rative ve actio ions s to transfe nsfer technic hnic and knowled edge Partne tnershi rship between een instituti titution

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Close e coordi dinatio ation betwee een experts rts Support

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Implication lication of Aichi i Targe gets ts Showcase case for best t practi ctices ces

Key strategies to implicate BBI’s objective

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A. Facilitate the linking of needs through effective partnerships between KEI and ACB B. Participation of regional experts

• C. Transferring techniques and

knowledge

Key strategies to implicate BBI’s objective

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Field-survey in AHPs (Mt. Makiling, Philippines) Exploring needs on management of AHPs with local institutions(ACB) and local experts

Confirmed project sites

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The research project will be piloted in two sites, namely: 1)

• Mt. Makiling Natural Reserve, Laguna Province, Philippines

2) Tarutao National Marine Park, Satun Province, Thailand

• Mt. Makiling

Tarutao Park

A Framework to evaluate eco-tourism in AHPs

Big Data - FLICKER

Characteristics

• f eco-tourism

Spatial Preference

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• 1. Estimate the spatial preference
• 2. Evaluate status and characteristic of eco-tourism in AHPs

Field study (Survey with questionnaire)

• 3. Support to

develop strategies to facilitate eco- tourism in AHPs

Contents of the project

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Transfer technologies and knowledges to assess the current status on eco-tourism in AHPs Technical modeling on the status of eco-tourism using social big-data Field study(based on questionnaires) to evaluate status of eco-tourism A training workshop on modeling technique and best practices in eco-tourism management Support to develop strategies for sustainable management

Contents of the project

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(1) Transferring technologies and knowledges to assess the current status on eco-tourism in AHPs.

• Technical modeling(InVEST Recreation Model) on the status of

management using social big-data.

• Field study(based on questionnaires) to evaluate status of eco-tourism.
• A training workshop on technical/scientific approaches to encourage eco-

tourism at the 5th ASEAN Heritage Parks Conference. (2) Support to develop strategies for sustainable management of AHPs

• Deter strong/weak elements, spatial visiting characteristic, and overall

trends of eco-tourism in AHPs

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Results of the project 3

0.000 5.000 10.000 15.000 20.000 25.000 30.000 35.000

PUD_ YR_ AVG

ASEAN Heritage Parks

0.000 5.000 10.000 15.000 20.000 25.000 30.000 35.000

ASEAN Heritage Parks

PUD_ YR_ AVG

Ranking of PUD Ranking of AHPs having higher social preference

Evaluating spatial preference using social big-data

※ PUD(Photo-User-Days): Mean uploaded number of geotagged photographs per day in Flicker from 2005 to 2014

(1) Identifying ranking of AHPs with higher preference in FLICKER

0.000 0.100 0.200 0.300 0.400 0.500 0.600 0.700 Inlay Lake Ao Phangnga - Mu Koh Surin - Mu Koh Similan Mount Makiling Mount Timpoong - Hibok-hibok Kinabalu Ba Be Tarutao Hoang Lien Son - Sa Pa Gunung Mulu Khao Yai Bai Tu Long Preah Monivong (Bokor)

Top 12 AHPs with highest ‘PUD per park area’

PUD_YR_AVG/ park area ASEAN Heritage Parks

Evaluating spatial preference using social big-data

(1) Identifying ranking of AHPs with higher preference in FLICKER Support to analyze trend of eco-tourism after designating AHPs

Evaluating spatial preference using social big-data

(2) Identifying specific visiting characteristics for two sites

Tarutao AHPs

Legend

• sm_points

realtrail boundary

pud_res result ults

<all other values

PUD_ D_YR_ YR_AVG VG

0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.6 1.7 6.7 9.8 17.7 19.7 26.5 33.2

Makiling AHPs

Provide spatial characteristic identifying frequently visiting natural and artificial attraction, landscape and spot

Identifying specific characteristics of eco-tourism

• Through the discussion between KEI’s experts and regional experts, three questionnaires were

developed for visitor, regional community, and manager

• Regional AHPs managers supported field survey to collect questionnaires
• Total number of respondents: (1) Makiling - 100 (2) Tarutao - 142

(1) Effectiveness of AHPs to eco-tourism among two national parks

0.0 20.0 40.0 60.0 80.0 100.0 It had major influence It had influence but not major Designation had no influence visitor resident manager

Makiling AHPs Tarutao AHPs

10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 It had major influence It had influence but not major Designation had no influence visitor resident manager

Among (1) biological, ecological value (2) social, cultural value and (3) facility, designation of AHPs had major influence to increase biological and ecological value

Identifying specific characteristics of eco-tourism

(2) Visiting satisfactions of each attributes of eco-tourism

High Biodiversity, 3.8 High Conservation Status, 3.6 Natural Ecosystems Services, 3.8 Convenient Facilities, 3.6 Infrastructure , 3.3 Recreation/L eisure Program, 3.8 Educational Program, 3.5 Explanation

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Environment, 3.5 Regional Identities/Co mmunity Culture, 3.4 Regional Product, 3.4 Number of Visitors, 3.6

3.3 3.4 3.4 3.5 3.5 3.6 3.6 3.7 3.7 3.8 3.8

Satisfaction - High Low

Elements of eco-tourism

Makiling AHPs Tarutao AHPs

High Biodiversity, 4.2 High Conservation Status, 4.0 Natural Ecosystems Services, 4.1 Infrastructure, 3.4 Recreation/Lei sure Program, 3.8 Educational Program, 3.9 Explanation of the Environment, 3.8 Regional Identities/Com munity Culture, 3.4 Regional Product, 3.5 Number of Visitors, 4.0

3.3 3.4 3.5 3.6 3.7 3.8 3.9 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3

Satisfaction - High Low

Elements of eco-tourism

Identifying specific characteristics of eco-tourism

(3) Suitability of management budget

Makiling AHPs Tarutao AHPs

After AHP designation, did management budg et increased ? Managers: 55.6% said Yes Was it sufficient? Managers: 90.5 % said No How was the budget increased? increased external funding: 68.2 % increased government funding: 22.7 % After AHP designation, did management budg et increased ? Managers: 88.9% said Yes Was it sufficient? Managers: 68.9 % said Yes How was the budget increased? increased government funding: 57.8% increased admission fee: 31.1%

Transferring technologies and knowledges

Technical Workshop in Bukhan National Park, Republic of Korea Transfe nsferri rring ng techniq hniques es to use social ial big-da data ta to assess ess spati tial al prefe feren rence ce Identifyi ntifying ng elemen ents ts that t need to be impro roved ved based d on field d study dy Introducing Korea’s management strategies of national park

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Conclusion 4

Conclusion

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• The places people visit reveal their preferences about natural

environments

• Use of social big-data made available to assess spatial

preference, and AHPs managers were able to recognize where it needs to be well and newly managed

• Within spatial data, results of field-study provide insights to

identify status of eco-tourism to identify strong and weak elements

• Transferred technique, knowledge, and result of the BBI pilot

project can be further utilized in management of AHPs to effectively implement Aichi Target 1, 11, 14.

Thank You

(kimyj@kei.re.kr)