KAGRA Cryogenic System 2017.05.19 3rd Interna1onal Mee1ng on KAGRA - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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KAGRA Cryogenic System 2017.05.19 3rd Interna1onal Mee1ng on KAGRA - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Jan 19, 2024 302 likes •772 views

KAGRA Cryogenic System 2017.05.19 3rd Interna1onal Mee1ng on KAGRA @Taipei Takayuki TOMARU (KEK, SOKENDAI) and the behalf of KAGRA Cryogenics Group 1 Talks by the KAGRA Cryogenics Team (1) KAGRA Cryogenic System: Takayuki Tomaru (KEK) (2)

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KAGRA Cryogenic System

2017.05.19 3rd Interna1onal Mee1ng on KAGRA @Taipei Takayuki TOMARU (KEK, SOKENDAI) and the behalf of KAGRA Cryogenics Group

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SLIDE 2

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(1) KAGRA Cryogenic System: Takayuki Tomaru (KEK) (2) Hydroxide Catalysis Bonding (HCB) of Sapphire mirrors: Kieran Craig (ICRR, U. Tokyo) (3) Control for the KAGRA cryogenic payload: Takafumi Ushiba (ICRR, U. Tokyo) (4) EvaluaQon of 6N Aluminum Heat-Link: Tomohiro Yamada (ICRR, U. Tokyo) (5) Assembly of Prototype Sapphire Suspension: BinHua Heshe (ICRR, U. Tokyo)

Talks by the KAGRA Cryogenics Team

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SLIDE 3

KAGRA Cryogenics Group

Toshikazu SUZUKI

Cryostat, Payload KEK, Prof.

Nobuhiro KIMURA

Cryostat sub-chief KEK, Assoc. Prof.

Kazuhiro YAMAMOTO

Sapphire sub-chief ICRR, Assist. Prof.

Takayuki TOMARU

Chief KEK, Assoc. Prof.

Rahul KUMAR

Cryogenic Payload KEK, PD

Suguru TAKADA

Cryogenics NIFS, Assist. Prof.

Kieran CRAIG

Cryogenic Payload ICRR, PD

Takafumi USHIHBA

Cryo-Payload sub-chief U-Tokyo, PD

Helios VOCCA

HCB, Perugia U,

  • Assist. Prof.

Yuki Inoue

Cryogenic Payload AS, PD

3

ELore MAJORANA

Payload, Univ. Roma

William CREUS

Payload, AS, PD

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SLIDE 4

Ayako HAGIWARA

CAD KEK, Technical Staff

Shinichi TERASHIMA

Machining KEK, Technical Staff

Ayako UEDA

  • Exp. Assistant, KEK

Technical Staff

  • Yoshikazu. NAMAI

Welding, KEK

Technical Staff

Technicians

4

Hiroki TANAKA

Cryo-Payload, Q ICRR, D2

Takahiro MIYAMOTO

Cryo-Payload ICRR, D2

Tomohiro YAMADA

Cryo-Payload ICRR, M2

Students

Kunihiko HASEGWA

Cryogenic Op1cs ICRR, D2

Bin Hua HESHE

Cryo-Payload ICRR, M1

Toshiro OCHI

Cryo-Payload ICRR, D2

Total: 12 scien3sts, 6 students and 4 technicians

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SLIDE 5

Goal SensiPvity of KAGRA

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h ~ factor x 10-24 [/√Hz]

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Mirror Thermal Seismic

Cryogenic Underground

An issue in 2nd genera1on GW detectors: How can we reduce thermal noises, which restrict best sensi1vity range of 100Hz.

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SLIDE 6

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Cryogenic Sapphire Mirror and Suspension

(1) Thermal noise ReducPon

Sapphire @ 20K Moreover

Typical Φ of sapphire at room temperature is ~10-6 Sapphire substrate

  • x(ω)2 ∝
  • T φ

φ = 5 × 10−9 φ = 1 × 10−7

(bulk) (fiber)

will be presented by Cieran and Bin-Hua

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SLIDE 7

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(2) Thermal Lensing

Fused Silica (300K) Fused Silica (20K) Sapphire (300K) Sapphire (20K) α [ppm/cm] 2 - 20 2 - 20? 40 -140 20 - 90? κ [W/m•K] 1.4 0.15 46 4.3 x 103 dn/dT [K-1] 1.4 x 10-5 1.4 x 10-5 1.3 x 10-5 < |9 x 10-8| α (dn/dT)/κ x 10-11 2 - 20 20 - 200 1.1 < |0.4 - 2 x 10-4| Wave-front distorQon at input mirror at 300K Wave-front distorQon at input mirror at 20K

~ 10-7 [m] ~ 10-11 [m] Negligible

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SLIDE 8

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Cryogenic Sapphire Mirror

Physics is simple But Technologies are difficult

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SLIDE 9

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Long History of Cryogenic Sapphire Mirror Development

CRAB-IV GW detector Superconduc1ng magnet for accelerators Ultra-small Vibra1on Cryocooler Thermal Radia1on Reduc1on & Black coa1ng

Base Technologies in KEK

Heat Conductor -> Yamada’s Talk

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SLIDE 10

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U p p e r F l

  • r

Boiom Floor Arm tunnel

14m

We excavate upper-floors and verQcal holes for VibraQon IsolaQon System. Base of the VIS is put

  • n the upper-floor

Type-A suspension:

4-stage GAS filters @ room temperature

Cryogenic Payload

Main mirror parts

Frame-Free Suspension

Cryogenic Mirror Suspension

Type-A: Takahasi’s talk

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SLIDE 11

Cryostat & Cryogenic Payload

Cryostat PlaAorm MarioneCe & Recoil mass Mirror & Recoil mass Type-A Intermediate mass & recoil mass

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SLIDE 12

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Performance Test of KAGRA Cryostats

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SLIDE 14
  • Feb. 6 OperaPon start

Toshiba KAGRA site

Ini3al cooling 3me is comparable with that at factory test in Toshiba.

Cooling Test Result of X-end Cryostat

(2017.Feb.6~Mar.13）

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SLIDE 15

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４７~5６ K @ 1st cold stage

  • f Cryo-cooler

6.1 & 6.8 K @ cryo payload system 12.5 K @ shield sysytem ~82 K at the top of the 80 K outer shield 13.2 K at the side of 8 K inner shield 3.9 & 5.7 K @ cryo payload system 10 & 12 K @ 8 K shield

Cooling Test Result of X-end Cryostat

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SLIDE 16

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1.0E-12 1.0E-11 1.0E-10 1.0E-09 1.0E-08 1.0E-07 1.0E-06 1.0E-05 1 10 100 VibraQon displacement(m/rtHz)

frequency（Hz） 神岡_冷凍機on 東芝_冷凍機on

VibraPon Measurement Result in X-front Cryostat

Kamioka_cryocooler on Toshiba_cryocooler on Large vibraQon was found btw 10 and 100Hz region. These vibraQons look to correspond to structural resonance of cryostat. But sQll under invesQgaQon. Collaborated by Roma Univ.

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SLIDE 17

Cryogenic Payload

Sapphire Suspension Mirror Recoil Intermediate Mass MarioneLe Plaform Frame (Earthquake Stop) Heat Link

  • 6N stranded: done
  • 5N bars: soon

None-magnePsm black coaPng

  • June-Aug.

InstallaPon Jigs

  • Yend: done
  • Xend: June-July

Actuator & Sensor ~80%

  • under fabricaQon

Model in Digital System ~60%

  • > Miyamamoto

Done Done Done Done Done Done

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Readiness

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SLIDE 18

Assembly and InstallaPon Test at X-end Cryostat

Assembly space Crane Slide rail Cart OpQcal Bench

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  • Add more scratch marking for alignment
  • Add spring washers
  • Check screw length
  • Improve the screws for linear guides
  • Improve the jig for alignment guide of

sapphire blade springs

  • Add the caps of micrometer for sapphire

blade springs

  • Add screw caps for earthquake stops
  • Improve earthquake stop design for

mirror recoil mass

  • Add verQcal earthquake stops
  • Minor improvement of wire tensioner design
  • Change the height of OpLev mirror at MT
  • Need more laser line markers

We learned many improvement points

  • Fabricate electrical cable cramps
  • Fabricate cramps on the frame
  • Fabricate a new mirror box
  • Fabricate a new spacer to fix mirror box
  • n XYZ stage for assembly
  • Add locking bolts on XY stages
  • Improve design of mirror actuator mount
  • Improve spacing of mirror recoil cap
  • Fabricate mirror recoil cap holder/installer
  • Fabricate cooling bar in the cryostat
  • Finalize fiber installer design
  • Wrong suspension rod length
  • Need more installaQon training
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SLIDE 22

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Example: Improve Design of Mirror Actuator Mount

We have already started Cryo-Payload Improvements

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Major Schedule in this FY

  • Early July: Test installaQon of cryo-payload with sapphire

suspension at the X-end cryostat

  • July-Sept.: Cool-down test of X-end cryostat with cryo-payload
  • End Aug.: ETMY HCB starts
  • Mid. Sept.: ETMY strength test complete.

ETMY installaQon into cryo-payload starts

  • End Sept.: Cryo-Paylaod InstallaQon into Y-end cryostat

complete.

  • End Sept.: ETMX HCB starts
  • Mid. Oct.: ETMX HCB strength test complete

ETMX installaQon into cryo-payload starts

  • Oct.-Nov.: Interferometer commissioning at room temp.
  • Early Dec.: Start cooling down of ETMX and ETMY
  • Feb.-Mar.: bKAGRA-1 test operaQon

ETMX: End Test Mass, X ETMY: End Test Mass, Y

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SLIDE 24

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Next Year

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SLIDE 25

Back Up

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SLIDE 26

3 km Laser Ultra-small vibraQon cryocooler system (4K) Cryostat Ultra high vacuum beam tube 100K cryogenic tube for thermal radiaQon shielding (Duct Shield) 3 km Ultra-small vibraQon cryocooler system (100K) BS

Layout of Cryostats

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Ultra-small vibraPon cryocooler system

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  • 10
10
  • 9
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  • 8
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  • 7
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  • 6
10
  • 5
Displacement Density [m/Hz 1/2] 0.1 1 10 100 Frequency [Hz] 10
  • 13
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  • 12
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  • 10
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  • 9
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  • 8
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  • 3
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  • 2
Displacement Density [m/Hz 1/2] 0.1 1 10 100 Frequency [Hz] VRS Lower Stage VRS Upper Flange Original PT Kamioka Seismic

Cold Stage Whole System

3 order 2 order

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Our system Commercial Pulse-Tube Cryocooler Commercial Pulse-Tube Cryocooler Our system

  • nm vibraPon at cold stage
  • comparable vibraQon level of

whole system with Kamioka seismic vibraQon

This technology was established in CLIO prototype interferometer

Also, vibraQon test of a “cryostat” will be performed in this month in the collaboraQon work with Rome University on the basis of ELiTES program.

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SLIDE 28

Black coaQng

To realize conducQon cooling by using small cryocoolers, heat load in cryostat must be below several wai. But GW interferometer can not have opQcal windows on leaser beam path, so large heat load from the openings exists.

Cryostat Black coaPng and baffles in cold tube

We succeeded to reduce about 1/1000 Qmes thermal radiaQon heat load from beam openings by using 100K cold tubes with black coaQng and baffles.

ReducPon of thermal radiaPon

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SLIDE 29

Cooling down test of the Y-end cryostat (PreparaPon)

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Cooling down test of the Y-end cryostat

300 250 200 150 100 50 Temperature [K] 16.10.27 16.10.29 16.10.31 16.11.2 16.11.4 16.11.6 16.11.8 Date '4Kside' '4KbarShield' '4KbarPay' '80Kside' '80Kbottom' '4KRef4KHead' '4KRef4KConductor' '4KRef50KHead' '4KRef50KConductor' 'DuctShield (CryoSide)' '50KRefHead' '50KRefConductor'

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SLIDE 31
  • 2. PreparaPon Status of

Cryogenic Payloads

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Sapphire Suspension

  • > K. Craig

Mirror Recoil

  • One fabricated
  • Three under

fabricaQon Intermediate Mass

  • One fabricated
  • Three under

fabricaQon MarioneLe

  • One fabricated
  • Three under

fabricaQon Plaform

  • Under fabricaQon

Frame (Earthquake Stop) ~70%

  • Designing

Heat Link

  • Test fabricaQon done

by using 6N Al wires None-magnePsm black coaPng ~70%

  • TesQng

InstallaPon Jigs ~30%

  • Designing

Actuator & Sensor ~40%

  • SimulaQon & test

Model in Digital System ~30%

  • SimulaQon & test

Readiness

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SLIDE 33

Plaform Design

Base Plate BeCu Blade Spring Moving Mass Mirrors for OpLev

Motor Mass (Cu) Ball screw

Four plahorms are under fabrica1on now.

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SLIDE 34

Cryogenic Strength Test of BeCu Blade

Specimen in liquid nitrogen bath

Ti 6Al-4V (Titanium alloy) Beryllium copper (alloy 25) Maraging steel MAS1

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SLIDE 35

Result

21 mm Cryogenic test

Heat treatment increases the strength by more than factor of 2

Large strain hardeaning at 77 K

Vacuum furnace at KEK

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BeCu blade spring design for plaform stage

Total deformaQon: 18.25 mm

22 kg

Clamped here Material: Beryllium copper

We will use 3 blade springs at the playorm stage to suspended 65 kg of payload VerQcal frequency 3.7 Hz Requirement < 10 Hz

Length 250 mm 55 mm Thickness – 5 mm

222 MPa to 148 MPa Maximum stress 333 MPa We have increased the sQffness of the blade springs to reduce the change in deformaQon due to cooling, at 20 kelvin the deformaQon will change by 10% (i.e. 2 mm).

Tomohiro Yamada (M1) student will be working on the PF stage

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SLIDE 37

40,000 W/m/K @ 6K

6N Purity Al Heat Link

Teion Kogaku 46, (2011) 415-420

Thermal / Electrical conduc1vity at cryogenic temperature propor1onal to material purity. This is important to realize weekly connected heat links to cryogenic payload Stranded cable (made of many thin wires) has advantage to have small spring constant.

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SLIDE 38

Size Effect

Hoshikawa et al. ICEC-ICMC 2012

Size effect dominates conducQvity of 6N Al thin wire at low temp.

Bulk Φ1.0mm Φ0.15mm 6N ~22,000 ~14,000 ~4,000 5N ~6,000 ~5,000 ~2,700 4N ~390 ~390

  • Es1mated RRR

by Sakakibara

EsQmated thermal conducQvity of 6N Al w/ Φ0.15mm is about 17,000, which is about 1.5 Qmes larger than that

  • f 5N Al.

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SLIDE 39

Test of Cryogenic Payload

FabricaQon of 1st cryogenic Payload w/o sapphires and playorm has been done. 6 Local sensors + Local actuators (Photo-reflecQve + Coil-magnet) 2 Axis QlQng control (Moving Mass) 4 Local Actuators (Coil-Magnet)

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SLIDE 40

Motor Mass (Cu) Ball screw ~25mm ~25mm 0mm

Intermediate mass

Marioneie

Mirror Fixed Moving Mass

MarioneLe Intermediate mass Dummy mirror Laser Photo detector

Moving Mass Test

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SLIDE 41

1.6mrad/mm

TilPng Test Result of Cryo-Pyaload @300K

Moving Range: +/- 15mm Maximum QlQng: +/- 24mrad (Requirement: +/- 3mrad) One step of motor: 0.09° Screw Pitch: 1mm TilQng ResoluQon: 0.4urad (Requirement: 10urad) We plan to have a cryogenic test in this December.

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SLIDE 42

Actuators & Sensors

by Miyamoto, Inoue and Okutomi

  • Total actuator noise in Cryo-Payload
  • Actuator efficiency：15mN/A

(comparable value with present design)

  • use Low Power Coil Driver

(w/ iniQal se•ng of 2mA drive current) We are under consideraQon to improve actuator coil and magnets to reduce this noise, maybe in bKAGRA phase-3.

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SLIDE 43

TM：1.5mN/A IM：30mN/A MN：50mN/A Low Power Coil Driver （2mA）

For Example

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Test & Assembly Plan of a cryogenic Payload

We will have minimum test of cryogenic payload in Lab before iniQal installaQon.

  • Mechanical strength test
  • Cooling test
  • Control test

@ below 20K

(1) Test of pendulum -> 1/4 test cryostat in KEK (2) Test of sapphire suspension -> new best size cryostat (3) HCB and assembly of sapphire parts of ETM & ITM

  • > new clean booth in Toyama Univ.

(4) Final assembly of cryo-pay. w/ sapphire

  • > on site

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Summary

  • We starts cooling down test of the Y-end cryostat from end
  • f Oc. Although we met cryocooler troubles, it has been

repaired in this week.

  • We will start cooling down test of the X-end cryostat soon.
  • We have good prospect on the fabricaQon of mechanical part
  • f cryogenic payload.
  • Control of payload is sQll middle of the way.

But it is going forward rapidly.

  • We will keep schedule of first cryogenic test operaQon in

Michelson configuraQon in Mar. 2018 and in Fabry-Perot configuraQon in Mar. 2019.

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