Just for fun: too smart to fail Just for fun: too smart to fail - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Just for fun: too smart to fail Just for fun: too smart to fail - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Just for fun: too smart to fail Just for fun: too smart to fail Francesco P. Lovergine <frankie@fsfe.org> Free Software Foundation Europe Fellowship Group Bari http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/legalcode 2 7 O t t o


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Just for fun: too smart to fail Just for fun: too smart to fail

Francesco P. Lovergine <frankie@fsfe.org> Free Software Foundation Europe

Fellowship Group Bari

http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/legalcode

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Foundation Foundation

http://www.fsfe.org/

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Who am I ? Who am I ?

  • Classe 1967
  • Laurea 1991
  • OSMapper dal 2008
  • Ricercatore CNR dal 1997
  • Debian Developer dal 2000

  • FOSS activist da sempre
  • Presidente LugBARI 2002–2009
  • Geek per nascita :-)
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Outline Outline

  • Brevissima storia del FOSS e

GNU/Linux in particolare

  • I motivi di un successo
  • Dove siamo e dove andremo

probabilmente a finire?

  • … e forse qualche deep thought in

corso d’opera

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Flashback Flashback

F

r

  • m

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v a l d s @ k l a a v a . H e l s i n k i . F I ( L i n u s B e n e d i c t T

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  • u

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D : < 1 9 9 1 A u g 2 5 . 2 5 7 8 . 9 5 4 1 @ k l a a v a . H e l s i n k i . F I > D a t e : 2 5 A u g 9 1 2 : 5 7 : 8 G M T O r g a n i z a t i

  • n

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y

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t t h e r e u s i n g m i n i x – I ’ m d

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  • g

e t r e a d y . I ’ d l i k e a n y f e e d b a c k

  • n

t h i n g s p e

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l e l i k e / d i s l i k e i n m i n i x , a s m y O S r e s e m b l e s i t s

  • m

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  • n

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  • t

h e r t h i n g s ) . I ’ v e c u r r e n t l y p

  • r

t e d b a s h ( 1 . 8 ) a n d g c c ( 1 . 4 ) , a n d t h i n g s s e e m t

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k . T h i s i m p l i e s t h a t I ’ l l g e t s

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e , a n d i t h a s a m u l t i

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h r e a d e d f s . I t i s N O T p r

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a b l e ( u s e s 3 8 6 t a s k s w i t c h i n g e t c ) , a n d i t p r

  • b

a b l y n e v e r w i l l s u p p

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t a n y t h i n g

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h e r t h a n A T

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a r d d i s k s , a s t h a t ’ s a l l I h a v e :

  • (

.

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I motivi per una riflessione I motivi per una riflessione

  • Lingua inglese
  • Internet come canale di comunicazione imprescindibile (1991!)
  • Community potenzialmente estese world-wide
  • “Just for fun”
  • Smart people
  • Free (as beer ?)
  • GNU/GPL
  • Ed in Italia intanto? (Io c’ero eh…)
  • E nel frattempo cosa accadeva nell’informatica mainstream?
  • … what else?
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Internet in Italia Internet in Italia

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Free as code Free as code

“When I started working at the MIT Artificial Intelligence Lab in 1971, I became part of a software-sharing community that had existed for many years. Sharing of software was not limited to our particular community; it is as old as computers, just as sharing

  • f recipes is as old as cooking. But we did it more than most.

The AI Lab used a timesharing operating system called ITS (the Incompatible Timesharing System) that the lab's staff hackers had designed and written in assembler language for the Digital PDP-10, one of the large computers of the era. As a member of this community, an AI Lab staff system hacker, my job was to improve this system. We did not call our software “free software”, because that term did not yet exist; but that is what it was. Whenever people from another university or a company wanted to port and use a program, we gladly let them. If you saw someone using an unfamiliar and interesting program, you could always ask to see the source code, so that you could read it, change it, or cannibalize parts of it to make a new program.”

  • RMS

https://www.gnu.org/gnu/thegnuproject.it.html

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Perché Linux (il kernel)

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Oppure no?

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Agosto 1998

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Halloween documents Halloween documents

  • «Recent case studies provide very dramatic evidence ... that

commercial quality can be achieved/exceeded by OSS projects.»

  • «(Open source software) is long-term credible ... FUD (Fear,

uncertainty and doubt) tactics can not be used to combat it.»

  • «Linux can win as long as services / protocols are commodities.»
  • «(Microsoft should) De-commoditize protocols & applications.»

http://www.catb.org/~esr/halloween/ Where will Microsoft try to drag you today? Do you really want to go there?

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Il motivo del successo di Il motivo del successo di una scelta (economica) una scelta (economica)

Il costo opportunità è ciò a cui si deve rinunciare per effettuare una scelta economica ed è pari al valore della migliore alternativa. Compiere una scelta determina un costo in termini di tempo o di denaro (o entrambi), e il costo opportunità rappresenta la scelta migliore tra le possibili. Il valore della scelta effettuata tiene conto di tale costo e del rischio che ci si assume nel fare tale scelta rispetto alla migliore alternativa.

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Where is the (tech) gain? Where is the (tech) gain?

  • Standard e interoperabilità salvaguardano

l’investimento ( → POSIX ~1985)

  • Protocolli e interfacce ben fatte fanno da

moltiplicatori di valore

  • Architetture aperte e design efficaci migliorano i

risultati

  • Small teams (

→ The Mythical Man Month)

  • Software engineering best practices applied
  • K.I.S.S. principle (

→ The Art of Unix Programming)

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Where is the (personal) Where is the (personal) gain? gain?

  • Standard e interoperabilità

salvaguardano l’investimento culturale

  • €€€
  • Più divertente e stimolante
  • Si può essere molto più efficaci

(avendo skill e tempo) ed efficienti per motivi di KISS principle

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Where is the (economic) Where is the (economic) gain? gain?

  • Costi diffusi/condivisi per il software di base
  • Investimenti spostati (in buona parte) sui

soli servizi a valore aggiunto e quindi a maggiore rendimento

  • No moat companies (

fine del monopolio) →

  • Migliore bilanciamento di costi/ricavi
  • Commoditization del software rispetto ai

servizi ( cloud) →

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Discussione Discussione