Iterative Design Process For The Development And Testing Of - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Iterative Design Process For The Development And Testing Of - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Iterative Design Process For The Development And Testing Of Cooperative Applications Tobias Lorenz Iterative Development > 29 April 2010 > 1 Institute of Transportation Systems > Aerospace technology for road and railway Content Short

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Institute of Transportation Systems > Aerospace technology for road and railway

Iterative Design Process For The Development And Testing Of Cooperative Applications Tobias Lorenz

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Content

Short Introduction German Aerospace Center (DLR) Institute of Transportation Systems Iterative Design Process Overview Model Selection Model Parameterization Simulation / Evaluation Conclusion

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Short Introduction – DLR and Institute TS

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German Aerospace Center Areas of Research

Aeronautics Space Transport Energy

DLR in numbers

Budget: 2006 1.168 M Euro 2007 1.224 M Euro

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Locations and Employees

Köln Lampoldshausen Stuttgart Oberpfaffenhofen

Braunschweig

Göttingen

Berlin-

Bonn

Trauen

Hamburg Neustrelitz

Weilheim Bremen-

5.600 employees work at 28 research institutes and facilities at 13 locations. Offices in Brussels, Paris and Washington.

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Köln Lampoldshausen Stuttgart Oberpfaffenhofen

Braunschweig

Göttingen

Berlin-

Bonn

Trauen

Hamburg Neustrelitz

Weilheim Bremen-

Transportation Participating institutes

Institute of Transport Research Project Transport Studies Institute of Transportation Systems Institute of Vehicle Concepts

… and 21 more institutes from aeronautics, space and energy

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Institute of Transportation Systems

Residence: Braunschweig and Berlin Since: March 2001 Director:

  • Prof. Dr.-Ing. Karsten Lemmer

Employees: Presently 100 employees from various scientific disciplines Range of tasks Basic research Creating concepts and strategies Prototype development Fields of Research Automotive Railway Systems Traffic Management

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Iterative Design Process Overview

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Iterative Design Process Introduction and Motivation

The determination of requirements for cooperative assistance and automation based on Car-to-X technologies emphasize research questions on different levels – e.g. Reliability / availability Interoperability of assistance and automation systems / security Different penetration rates and their influence on the function of the system, traffic safety/-efficiency, driver behavior and acceptance

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Iterative Design Process Introduction and Motivation

Increasing importance of conducting simulation tests during the development and evaluation process because Basically field operational tests (FOTs) are applicable but Large number of equipped vehicles Huge testing areas especially urban areas required Immense costs Influence of different penetration rates To run these simulation tests systematically by using the right simulators an iterative design process including guidelines and code of practice is indispensible

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Iterative Design Process Overview

Different steps within this process Accident analysis provides an application idea Study statistics on road accidents Reasons for the accidents Development and testing of the application within different scenario views Model selection Parameterization Evaluation Prototype as final outcome

macroscopic simulation microscopic simulation

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macroscopic simulation microscopic simulation

Iterative Design Process Model Selection

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Iterative Design Process Model Selection I – Overview

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Iterative Design Process Model Selection II – Background

Often Simulators/Models are used which are not applicable for the current research question because Too many unknown parameters within the model Environmental influences are not considered Non-transferability of the results to the real world Example Often NS-2 is used with non-deterministic communication model but Not applicable for the investigation of safety applications in urban environments Buildings and other cars are not considered for the communication

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Iterative Design Process Model Selection III – Key Parameters

Two main key parameters for model selection Scenario scale Macroscopic Traffic flows in huge areas Traffic Management Microscopic Certain parts of the traffic flow Safety critical applications Communication aspects (e.g. message propagation) The description of the Car-to-X application Requirements Intended Effect Performance Indicators ...

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Iterative Design Process Model Selection IV – “Stationary Vehicle Warning“

Example – “Stationary Vehicle Warning“ (ETSI BSA1) Informs the driver about a stationary vehicle Safety application Microscopic view only

1 European Telecommunications Standards Institute Basic Set of Applications

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Iterative Design Process Model Selection V – “Stationary Vehicle Warning“

Communication Model Environmental influences Deterministic message propagation No simulation of ISO/OSI layers like MAC/NET/TRA Latency times, Sample frequency Signal Damping Communication range Driver Model of surrounding traffic e.g. Krauß model Vehicle Model of ego vehicle Non-linear two track model Traffic e.g. VISSIM, SUMO, ...

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Iterative Design Process Model Selection VI – Communication Simulator

RSU Vehicle 1 Vehicle Rcv Vehicle 2

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macroscopic simulation microscopic simulation

Iterative Design Process Model Parameterization

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Iterative Design Process Model Parameterization I – Overview

Different models provide different influencing parameters Some of the parameters have to be varied and some are fixed within the simulation Static parameters Variable parameters Variable parameters are varied until the intended effect of the application can be verified Traffic management Macroscopic scenario view e.g. identification of penetration rate and needed communication range to achieve the intended effect Microscopic scenario view Validation of the identified parameters by considering environmental influences, too

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Iterative Design Process Model Parameterization II – “Stationary Vehicle Warning“

Stationary Vehicle Warning – Safety application One aim could be the investigation of communication aspects and their influence on driver behavior Intended effect e.g. warn driver 300 m before traffic obstruction Static parameters Properties of environmental surroundings Communication frequency 5.9 GHz Variable Parameters Transmitting power Antenna position

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macroscopic simulation microscopic simulation

Iterative Design Process Simulation / Evaluation

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Iterative Design Process Simulation/Evaluation – “Stationary Vehicle Warning“

For the simulation trials The static parameters are fixed The variable parameters will be varied Iterative process Fix all variable parameters but one Vary the one left If the intended effect is not verifiable change one or more

  • f the fixed parameters and restart process

Example Fix antenna position Vary the transmitting power

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Iterative Design Process Conclusion

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Iterative Design Process Conclusion

The iterative design process emphasize the importance of simulation in the area of Car-to-X systems Selection of the right simulator models is indispensible For Car-to-X the focus is on communication simulation Choice of the right model parameters is important When running the iterative design process successfully for simulation it can be adapted to FOT There the model selection process is omitted

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Tobias Lorenz Institute of Transportation Systems Lilienthalplatz 7 38108 Braunschweig +49 531 295-3475 Tobias.Lorenz@dlr.de